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Chem Exam Q > Polymers Aminoe Acids Etc > Flashcards

Polymers Aminoe Acids Etc Flashcards

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1
Q

Why are addition polymers non biodegradable

A

They have strong carbon carbon bonds which are non polar therefore can’t be attacked by nuclephiles or hydrolysed

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2
Q

What is meant by complimentary in dna sequencing

A

Must have base sequence that all match so A always with T and C always with G

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3
Q

Water molecules polyester

A

(2n-1)

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4
Q

2 monomers polyester

A

Dicarboxylic acid and diol

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5
Q

2 monomers polyamide

A

Diamine
Dicarboxylic acid

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6
Q

2 monomers terylene

A

Benzene 1,4 Dioic acid
Ethane 1,2 diol

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7
Q

2 monomers Kevlar

A

Benzene 1,4 dioic acid
Benzene 1,4 diamine

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8
Q

Property and use of Kevlar

A

Incredibly tough
Bulletproof jackets

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9
Q

2 monomers nylon 66

A

Hexanedioic acid
Hexane 1,6 diamine

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10
Q

What are polyesters used to make

A

Fibres and plastics for fizzy drinks

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11
Q

Water molecules polyamide

A

N-1

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12
Q

Why is pet used for fizzy drink bottles

A

Light
Strong
Resistant to corrosion

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13
Q

Acid hydrolysis and base
Products for polyesters

A

Carboxylic acid and diol

Salt of carboxylic acid and diol
(Neutralise to make carboxylic acid )

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14
Q

Acid and base hydrolysis polyamides products

A

Carboxylic acid and diammonoyk ion (reversible )

Salt of carboxylic acid and diamine

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15
Q

Why is base hydrolysis preferred

A

Not reversible so 100% yield

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16
Q

2 advantages of recycling

A

Reduces amount of plastic in landfill sites

Conserves crude oil - source of most monomers

17
Q

Disadvantage recixng

A

Plastics have to be collected sorted and processes which is expensive

18
Q

3 ways disposing polymers

A

Landfill
Recycling
Burning / incineration

19
Q

Why are addition polymers under active and why can that be good and bad

A

Saturated compound with no polar bond

Can’t be attacked by acids, base or oxidise agents

Non biodegradable

20
Q

General structure amino acids
And structure of glycine

A

Photos

21
Q

Amino acids in their pure state

A

White crystalline solids with high mp for their mr

Generally soluble in water produces solution that conduct electricity

Most are insoluble in polar solvent

22
Q

Why do amino acids have high mp

A

Ionic bonding in their solid form as they exist as zwitterions in their pure state

23
Q

What is a zwitterion

A

A diplomat - has both negative and positive charge on different parts of tb molecule

24
Q

Isoelecfric point

A

Ph at which overall charge on amino acid is 0

25
Q

Condition for hydrolyse protein

A

Boiling with 6mol do-3 is HCl for 24 hours

26
Q

Secondary structure of proteins

A

3d sections due to hydrogen Bond interactions within the same chain

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets

27
Q

Possible interactions between groups in amino acids

A

Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Dipole dipole
S-S bonds

28
Q

What part of enzyme is involved in catalysis

A

Active site

Rest of amino acid just maintains precise shape of enzyme and active site

29
Q

Why is it important to maintain the physical and chemical requirements of enzymes

A

Changes in physical and chemical can break secondary and tertiary structures which charge active site and affects catalytic activity

30
Q

Use of enzymes inhibition

A

Used in antibiotics to block the active site of an enzyme in bacterial which makes the cell walls
Weaknes wall over time and bacteria burst

31
Q

How enzymes inhibitors developed

A

Computer used to model shape of active I and predict how well potential drugs will bind to it

32
Q

Shapes in dna

A

Phosphate circle
Base - hexagon
Sugar - pentagon

33
Q

How does cisplayin work

A

Prevents dna replication by preventing dna double helix molecule from unwinding

34
Q

3 risks of using cisplatin
3 reasons why it’s still used

A

Prevents normal cells replication aswell - hair loss

Patients experience side effect like nausea and kidney damage

Patients can become resistant

Benefits outweigh side effects
Small amounts used to reduce side effects

Chem Exam Q (11 decks)

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