Alcohols Flashcards
2 ways alcohols are made in industry
Direct hydration of ethene with steam
Industrial fermentation
Why is there a limited amount of alcohol formed with fermentation
No more alcohol produced as the yeast denatured by the alcohol formed
Fermentation of glucose to form ethanol equation
Glucose
2 ethanol
2 carbon dioxide
How is water and ethanol separated during fermentation
Fractional distillation
What are the 4 conditions for fermentation of glucose
Aqueous solution glucose
Yeast catalyst at 310K
1atm pressure
Anaerobic conditions
Why are those conditions used in fermentation
High temp denatured enzymes in yeasr
No gases normal presssure
Oxygen can oxidise ethanol to ethanol to ethanocu acid
Fermentation of glucose equations to show its carbon neutral
Why is it carbon neutral
Net carbon dioxide emission is 0
The amount of co2 released is the same amount as what is absorbed when forming the glucose
Why are biofuels not carbon neutral
The process uses fossil fuels for example machinery uses to harvest the crops and making fertilises for the plants
Ethics with biofuels
Crops used to provide raw material for biofuels instead of feeding people
Can cause food shortages and then increase in food prices
Economics of formation of ethanol
Human Resources - more people needed to produce biofuels than petrol and diesel
Increased income for farmers
Lower fuel prices as biofuels limits demand or fossil fuels
