Polymers Flashcards
What are polymer
Long chain molecules formed from lots of monomers joined together
What is addition polymerisation
Where the double binds in alkenes open up and join together to make polymers
Alkene monomer properties
Unsaturated
Strong covalent bonds
Polymer properties
Saturated Non polar Unreactive Chemically inert Weak intermolecular forces
Why are long chain polymers with fewer branches rigid and strong
Strong intermolecular forces
Properties of poly(chloroethene)
Polar covalent bonds between C-Cl
Permanent dipole-dipole forces between polymer chains
Hard
Brittle
What is PVC used for
Drain pipes
Window frames
What do plasticisers do
Adding a plasticiser to a polymer makes it bendier. The plasticiser molecules get between the polymer chains and push them apart. The reduces the strength of the intermolecular forces between the chains so the Chianina can slide around more, making them more flexible
What is plasticised PVC used for
Electrical cable insulation
Flooring tiles
Clothing
Why are condensation polymers stronger and more rigid than addition polymers
Made up of chains of plane bonds so H bonds between polymer chains
Why are polyalkenes chemically inert
The bonds between repeating units are non polar so not susceptible to attack by nucleophiles
Why are polyalkenes not biodegradable
They’re chemically inert
Why are condensation polymers biodegradable
Bonds between repeating units are polar and can be attacker by nucleophiles
Advantages of landfill
Cheap
Easy method
Disadvantages of landfill
Requires lots of land
Decomposing waste releases methane
As waste decomposes it releases toxins which can be washed away and contaminate water supplies
