Polymerization and Biomolecules Flashcards
1
Q
- Macromolecule described as large molecules built up
from small repeating units called as which of the
following?
a) Biopolymer
b) Dimers
c) Monomers
d) Metamers
A
c) Monomers
2
Q
- Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy compounds of
_______________
a) Glucose
b) Oligosaccharides
c) Aldehyde and ketone
d) Glyceraldehyde
A
c) Aldehyde and ketone
3
Q
- There are several levels of protein structure, which is
the most complex protien?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
A
d) Quaternary
4
Q
- Proteins, which are tremendously complex molecules,
what are their basic units or building blocks?
a) Carbohydrates
b) NH2
c) Polypeptides
d) Amino acids
A
d) Amino acids
4
Q
- Amylose is soluble in which of the following solvent?
a) Water
b) Alcohol
c) Partially soluble in alcohol
d) Soluble in acidic solution
A
a) Water
4
Q
- Nucleic acids are chains of 5-carbon sugars linked by
which type of bonds with an organic base protruding from
each sugar?
a) Amino
b) Phophodiester
c) Carbonyl
d) Phosphate
A
b) Phophodiester
5
Q
- Assuming that all of the below given compound had
the same number of carbon atoms, which of the following
has the most C-H bonds?
a) Unsaturated fat
b) Polysaturated fat
c) Polysaccharide
d) Saturated fat
A
d) Saturated fat
5
Q
- What happens when a macromolecule undergoes
hydrolysis reaction?
a) protein coils into its secondary structure
b) the bond between two subunits of a macromolecule is
broken
c) a bond is formed between two subunits of a
macromolecule
d) water breaks ionic bonds
A
b) the bond between two subunits of a macromolecule is
broken
5
Q
- In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of bond
would join two amino acid subunits?
a) Ionic bond
b) Phosphodiester bond
c) Hydrogen bond
d) Peptide bond
A
d) Peptide bond
5
Q
- Animals store glucose in the form of which
macromolecule?
a) Amylose
b) Glycogen
c) Glycerol
d) Cellulose
A
b) Glycogen
5
Q
- In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of
reaction would join two subunits together?
a) Hydrophobic reaction
b) Hydrolysis reaction
c) Dehydration reaction
d) Denaturation reaction
A
c) Dehydration reaction
6
Q
- In which of the following groups are all polysaccharides?
a) sucrose, glucose and fructose
b) maltose, lactose and fructose
c) glycogen, sucrose and maltose
d) glycogen, cellulose and starch
A
d) glycogen, cellulose and starch
7
Q
- Which of the following is not a disaccharide?
a) Sucrose
b) Maltose
c) Lactose
d) Amylose
A
d) Amylose
8
Q
- What are the most diverse macromolecules in the cell?
a) lipids
b) mineral salts
c) proteins
d) carbohydrates
A
c) proteins
8
Q
- Amino acids and proteins are ionized at typical
biological pH such that both the amino group and the
carboxyl group gain hydrogen ions to become -NH3
+ and COOH, respectively.
a) True
b) false
A
a) True
8
Q
- Dehydration and hydrolysis reactions involve removing
or adding which of the following to macromolecule
subunits?
a) C and O
b) OH and H
c) CH and NH2
d) COOH and H
A
b) OH and H
9
Q
- What type of macromolecule carries out catalysis in
biological systems?
a) proteins called enzymes
b) carbohydrates called starches
c) lipids called steroids
d) nucleic acids called DNA
A
a) proteins called enzymes
10
Q
- Cellulose is the most important constituent of plant cell
wall. What are its constituents?
a) branched chain of glucose molecules linked by (3-1, 4
glycosidic bond in straight chain and a-1, 6 glycosidic bond
at the site of branching
b) unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by (3-1, 4
glycosidic bond)
c) branched chain of glucose molecules linked by a-1, 6
glycosidic bond at the site of branching
d) unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by a-1, 4
glycosidic bond
A
b) unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by (3-1, 4
glycosidic bond)
10
Q
- Macromolecules like Enzymes, vitamins and hormones
can be classified into a single category of biological
chemicals. Why?
a) all of these help in regulating metabolism
b) all of these are exclusively synthesized in the body of a
living organism as at present
c) all of these are conjugated proteins
d) all of these enhance oxidative metabolism
A
c) all of these are conjugated proteins
11
Q
- Which of the following is an initiator molecule in the
free radical polymerisation?
a) Benzoyl peroxide
b) Sulphuric acid
c) Potassium permanganate
d) Chromium oxide
A
a) Benzoyl peroxide
11
Q
- Lipids are insoluble in water because of which of the
following reason?
a) lipid molecules are hydrophilic
b) lipid molecules are hydrophobic
c) lipid molecules are neutral
d) lipid molecules are zwitterions
A
b) lipid molecules are hydrophobic
12
Q
- Why is vinyl polymerization also known as addition
polymerization?
a) monomers are unsaturated compounds
b) it is a chain reaction
c) most monomers contain (CH2=CH─) group
d) it proceeds through radical
A
c) most monomers contain (CH2=CH─) group
13
Q
- Which of the following happens in propagation step of
the free radical polymerisation?
a) Decomposition of initiator
b) Renewal of inhibitor
c) Addition of monomer molecules to the growing chains
d) Disproportionation
A
b) Renewal of inhibitor
13
Q
- Which of the following happens in initiation step of the
free radical polymerisation?
a) Decomposition of initiator
b) Renewal of inhibitor
c) Addition of monomer molecules to the growing chains
d) Disproportionation
A
a) Decomposition of initiator
14
Q
- Which of the following reagents may be used to initiate
radical polymerization of styrene?
a) HCl
b) Peroxides
c) Hydroxide ion
d) BF3
A
b) Peroxides
14
Q
- Which of the following happens in termination step of
the free radical polymerisation?
a) decomposition of initiator
b) addition of free radical to monomer
c) addition of monomer molecules to the growing chains
d) disproportionation
A
d) disproportionation
15
Q
- What is the name for polymers with Z groups only on
one side of the carbon chain?
a) Enatiometric
b) Atactic
c) Syndiotactic
d) Isotactic
A
d) Isotactic
16
Q
- Which of the following is true about copolymerisation?
a) radical, coordination, anionic, or cationic
polymerization, depending on the type of initiation
b) addition of monomer to a metal complex, propagation
is by successive insertion of monomer at the metal, and
termination occurs when the metal complex separates
from the polymer
c) monomers react by eliminating small molecules like
H2O, NH3, CH2O and NaCl in a repetitive manner, Indefinite
growth of the polymer occurs at both ends
d) a mixture of more than one (or different) monomeric
species is allowed to polymerize
A
d) a mixture of more than one (or different) monomeric
species is allowed to polymerize
17
Q
- Gradient copolymer comers under which of the
following copolymer category?
a) Linked copolymer
b) Branched copolymer
c) Terepolymer
d) Brush copolymer
A
a) Linked copolymer
18
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
with A and B units arranged in a repeating sequence?
a) Alternating copolymer
b) Periodic copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Block copolymer
A
b) Periodic copolymer
18
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
with regular alternating A and B units?
a) Alternating copolymer
b) Periodic copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Block copolymer
A
a) Alternating copolymer
19
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
with sequence of monomer residues follows a statistical
rule?
a) Alternating copolymer
b) Periodic copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Block copolymer
A
c) Statistical copolymer
19
Q
- Which of the following is the condition for ideal
copolymerization?
a) r1r2=1
b) r1r2=0
c) r1=r2
d) r1=1
A
a) r1r2=1
20
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
which comprises two or more homopolymer subunits
linked by covalent bonds?
a) Alternating copolymer
b) Periodic copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Block copolymer
A
d) Block copolymer
21
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer in
which the main chain is formed from one type of
monomer A and branches are formed from another
monomer B?
a) Terepolymer copolymer
b) Graft copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Star copolymer
A
b) Graft copolymer
22
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
with several polymer chains connected to a central core?
a) Terepolymer copolymer
b) Graft copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Star copolymer
A
d) Star copolymer
23
Q
- Which of the following copolymers is the copolymer
consisting of three distinct monomers?
a) Terepolymer copolymer
b) Graft copolymer
c) Statistical copolymer
d) Star copolymer
A
a) Terepolymer copolymer
24
Q
- Which of the following is true about coordination
polymerisation?
a) radical, coordination, anionic, or cationic
polymerization, depending on the type of initiation
b) polymerization that is catalysed by transition metal salts
and complexes
c) monomers react by eliminating small molecules like
H2O, NH3, CH2O and NaCl in a repetitive manner, Indefinite
growth of the polymer occurs at both ends
d) a mixture of more than one (or different) monomeric
species is allowed to polymerize
A
b) polymerization that is catalysed by transition metal salts
and complexes
24
Q
- Which catalyst is commonly used in coordination chain
polymerization?
a) nickel
b) ziegler- Natta catalyst
c) zeolite
d) platinum
A
b) ziegler- Natta catalyst
24
Q
- Which of the following olefine undergo coordination
polymerisation in the presence of Ziegler-Natta catalysts?
a) vinyl chloride
b) vinyl ethers
c) acrylate esters
d) ethylene
A
d) ethylene
24
Q
- Which of the following is not true about step growth
polymerisation?
a) Molar mass of backbone chain increases rapidly at early
stage and remains approximately the same throughout the
polymerization
b) Similar steps repeated throughout reaction process
c) Initiator are required for the step growth polymerisation
d) Rapid loss of monomer early in the reaction
A
c) Initiator are required for the step growth polymerisation
25
Q
- Which of the following is true about heterogeneous
Ziegler Natta polymerisation?
a) This is based on titanium tetrachloride
b) This is based on Kaminsky catalyst
c) This is based on neodymium-based catalyst
d) This is based on titanium tetrachloride organo
aluminium co-catalyst
A
d) This is based on titanium tetrachloride organo
aluminium co-catalyst
25
Q
- Which of the following is true about homogenous
Ziegler Natta polymerisation?
a) This is based on titanium tetrachloride
organoaluminium co-catalyst
b) This is based on Kaminsky catalyst
c) This is based on neodymium-based catalyst
d) This is based on organoaluminium co-catalyst
A
b) This is based on Kaminsky catalyst
26
Q
- Which catalyst is used for the coordination
polymerisation of polybutadiene?
a) titanium tetrachloride organo-aluminium co-catalyst
b) kaminsky catalyst
c) neodymium-based catalyst
d) organo-aluminium co-catalyst
A
c) neodymium-based catalyst
27
Q
- Homogenous Ziegler Natta coordination polymerization
occurs via which mechanism?
a) Cossee–Arlman mechanism
b) Mechanism of free-radical polymerization
c) Cationic polymerization mechanism
d) Anionic polymerization mechanism
A
a) Cossee–Arlman mechanism
27
Q
- Titanium tetrachloride organoaluminium co-catalyst is
used in which of the following polymerisation?
a) Ziegler-Natta polymerization
b) Anionic vinyl polymerization
c) Free-radical polymerization
d) Metathesis polymerization
A
a) Ziegler-Natta polymerization
28
Q
- Which of the following is true about Step-growth
polymerisation?
a) radical, coordination, anionic, or cationic
polymerization, depending on the type of initiation
b) polymerization that is catalysed by transition metal salts
and complexes
c) monomers react by eliminating small molecules like
H2O, NH3, CH2O and NaCl in a repetitive manner, Indefinite
growth of the polymer occurs at both ends
d) monomers react to form first dimers, then trimmers,
longer oligomers and eventually long chain polymers
A
d) monomers react to form first dimers, then trimmers,
longer oligomers and eventually long chain polymers
28
Q
- Which of the following is polymer formed by step
growth polymerization is not classified under
condensation polymerisation?
a) Polyester
b) Polyurethane
c) Polysiloxane
d) Polyamide
A
b) Polyurethane
29
Q
- Which monomers are required for the formation of
Bakelite via a typical step-growth polymerization?
a) phenol and formaldehyde
b) isocyanate and alcohol
c) diamine and formaldehyde
d) ester and phenol
A
a) phenol and formaldehyde
29
Q
- Formation of polytriazole polymers via step-growth
polymerization is produced from which of the following
monomers?
a) Compound which bears both alkyne and azide
functional group
b) Compound which bears both alkene and azide
functional group
c) Compound which bears both alkane and azide
functional group
d) Compound which bears both vinyl and azide functional
group
A
a) Compound which bears both alkyne and azide
functional group
30
Q
- What is the trend in the molecular weight of step
growth polymer at lower conversion and higher
conversion respectively?
a) Increase then decrease
b) Decreases an increases
c) Remains same
d) Can’t say about molecular weight
A
b) Decreases an increases
31
Q
- How does the reaction rate vary with increasing extent
of reaction beyond 94% conversion in self catalyzed
reaction?
a) decreases
b) increases
c) remains same
d) first increases than decreases
A
a) decreases
32
Q
- Which of the following is not prepared by Ziegler-Natta
coordination polymerisation?
a) High density Polyethylene (HDPE)
b) Ultrahigh molecular weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
c) Ethylene-1-alkenebcopolymer (linear low density
polyethylene, LLDPE)
d) Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)
A
d) Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)
32
Q
- In double helix of DNA, the two DNA strands show
which type of characteristics?
a) coiled around a common axis
b) coiled around each other
c) coiled differently
d) coiled over protein sheath
A
a) coiled around a common axis
33
Q
- A nucleotide is formed of which of the following units?
a) nitrogen base and phosphate
b) nitrogen base, sugar and phosphate
c) nitrogen base and sugar
d) sugar and phosphate
A
b) nitrogen base, sugar and phosphate
33
Q
- Which of the following nitrogenous base is not present
in RNA?
a) adenine
b) thymine
c) cytosine
d) guanine
A
a) adenine
34
Q
- To which of the following does thymine form hydrogen
bonds in DNA?
a) adenine
b) thymine
c) cytosine
d) guanine
A
a) adenine
35
Q
- What term is used to describe the process by which
DNA is copied to produce two daughter DNA molecules?
a) reproduction
b) replication
c) translation
d) transcription
A
b) replication
35
Q
- What amino acid is coded by the triplet of bases UAU?
a) phenylalanine
b) serine
c) tyrosine
d) cysteine
A
d) cysteine
36
Q
- What term is used to describe the process by which a
segment of DNA is copied to produce a molecule of
messenger RNA?
a) reproduction
b) replication
c) translation
d) transcription
A
d) transcription
36
Q
- Glycine and proline are the most abundant amino acids
in which of the following structure?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Myoglobin
c) Insulin
d) Collagen
A
d) Collagen
37
Q
- A nucleoside is formed of which of the following units?
a) nitrogen base and phosphate
b) nitrogen base, sugar and phosphate
c) nitrogen base and sugar
d) sugar and phosphate
A
c) nitrogen base and sugar
37
Q
- DNA is composed of repeating units of
a) ribonucleosides
b) deoxyribonucleosides
c) ribonucleotides
d) deoxyribonucleotides
A
d) deoxyribonucleotides
37
Q
- To which of the following does guanine form hydrogen
bonds in DNA?
a) adenine
b) thymine
c) cytosine
d) guanine
A
c) cytosine
38
Q
- Which amino acid can form disulphide bonds?
a) Proline
b) Leucine
c) Cysteine
d) Valine
A
c) Cysteine
38
Q
- Which of the following statements about amino acids
is correct?
a) Amino acids are uncharged at neutral pH
b) Amino acids are classified according to the structures
and properties of their side chains
c) Amino acids in proteins are mainly in the D
configuration
d) Twenty four amino acids are commonly used in protein
synthesis
A
b) Amino acids are classified according to the structures
and properties of their side chains
39
Q
- Which of the following amino acids is mostly likely to
disrupt an alpha helix?
a) Proline
b) Leucine
c) Glycine
d) Valine
A
a) Proline
40
Q
- Which of the following amino acid is a limiting amino
acid in pulses?
a) Leucine
b) Lysine
c) Methionine
d) Glutamine
A
c) Methionine
41
Q
- Which of the characteristics below apply to amino acid
Glycine?
a) Optically inactive
b) Hydrophilic, basic and charged
c) Hydrophobic
d) Hydrophilic, acidic and charged
A
a) Optically inactive
