pollen Flashcards
how many pollen grains are in one stigma?
100 of thousands.
how small are pollen grains
20 um
how can you tell the different species of pollen grains?
the shapes of the pollen grains.
what shape are wind-pollinated flowers?
not spherical.
what do the wind-pollinated pollen grains hold to ensure they get fertilised?
2 air sacs, which allows the pollen grains to be dispersed by the wind km’s away from the original destination
what is the global pollen project?
a website that shows you the presence or absence of different species around the world. it can show you where the wind-pollinated pollen could’ve travelled to.
how can you know how old pollen grains are?
when in mud or soil, you can extract them using methods of melting glass, which don’t harm the pollen grains due to the polymers present and can tell how old the soil is and therefore the pollen grain trapped in the sediment.
what happened in La Laguna?
there was an ancient lake. if you extract a core of the ground, you can see the species in the core. they found extinct races from 2000 years ago, and in the 15th century, there was no evidence to the European settlers.
what are baselines?
fossil or sub-fossil evidence which is frequently derived from historical literature or from palaeoecological studies.
what can be used as baselines?
Bioindicators
how do animal pollinated species spread?
they attach to cotton and microfibres. also, the nectar smell attracts bees which causes bees to pick up pollen.
what can pollen metabarcoding be used for?
to track long-range migrations.
what species are good pollinating moving species?
beeds, butterlies, beavers etc.
what is the case study of the Painted Lady Butterfly?
they cross the Sahara Desert and it breeds in the African Savannah. this can be sued to track migrations. spring migrations and fall migrations go back and forth from the same area- Europe to Africa and back again.
how many numbers of plants have been found on butterflies
160 identified plants.
