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government and politics sophomore > political parties outline > Flashcards

political parties outline Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a political party

A

a group of persons who seek to control government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office

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2
Q

what are the two main parties in US

A

democrats and republicans

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3
Q

what are the 3 common elements of a political party

A

party organization, party in government , party in electorate

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4
Q

what does party organization mean

A

leaders, activists, and other people who give time, money, and ideas to the party

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5
Q

what does party in government mean

A

people in the party who hold political office

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6
Q

what does party in the electorate mean

A

the millions of people who identify themselves as members of the party

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7
Q

what are political parties supposed to do

A

handle conflict, unify people, keep away extremists, nominate people for political office and present them to the voting public, inform and engage people in various issues, find qualified candidates for office

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8
Q

partisanship

A

the strong support of their party and its policies

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9
Q

how did the founding fathers feel about political parties

A

against them

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10
Q

who referred to “factions” in politics, meaning that political parties cause disunity

A

james madison

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11
Q

which side are democrats on

A

left

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12
Q

what 2 words are used to describe some democrats

A

liberal and radical

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13
Q

liberal

A

democrat; believes that government must take action to change economic, political, and ideological policies thought to be unfair

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14
Q

radical

A

democrat; favors extreme change to create an altered or entirely new social system

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15
Q

who believe in higher taxes

A

democrats

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16
Q

what side is a republican on

A

right

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17
Q

what 2 words are connected to republican

A

conservative and reactionary

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18
Q

conservative

A

seeks to keep in place the economic, political, and social structure of society

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19
Q

reactionary

A

favors extreme change to restore society to an earlier, more conservative state of affairs

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20
Q

who believes in lower taxes

A

republicans

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21
Q

who believes that private organizations or religious based organizations should play a role in social programs (schools, healthcare)

A

republicans

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22
Q

how long do mist minor parties last

A

not long

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23
Q

what are the four types of minor parties

A

ideological, single issue, economic protest, splinter

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24
Q

what are ideological parties

A

have a certain set of beliefs

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25
Q

examples from the past of ideological parties

A

socialist, social labor, communist parties

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26
Q

present day ideological party example

A

libertarian party

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27
Q

what does the libertarian party believe

A

believe in an individual and doing away with government programs

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28
Q

what is the single issue party

A

usually based on one issue or problem

the know nothings opposed irish catholic immigration to america

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29
Q

what is an economic protest party

A

usually angry with both parties for a particular reason or policy

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30
Q

economic protest party example

A

greenback party were upset with situation facing farmers

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31
Q

what did the greenbacks later become apart of

A

populist party, wanted public ownership of the railroads and telephone companies along with lower tariffs

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32
Q

what is the splinter party

A

split from one of the major parties

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33
Q

example of splinter parties

A

bull moose party ( teddy roosevelt) split from republicans
george wallace led american independence part from democrats
recently the green party split from democrats
ralph nader may have helped george w bush get elected

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34
Q

what party is often seen as the most powerful

A

the party of the president

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35
Q

what does the president serve as

A

symbolic head of his party

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36
Q

how does the electoral process work

A

first you have to look at the nomination process, within the two party system, whoever the Democrats and Republicans nominate is who is on the ballot in the general election (in November), in a way it limits our choices

37
Q

what is nomination

A

the naming of those who seek office

38
Q

what are the 5 ways for a candidate to be nominated

A 
self announcement 
caucus 
convention
direct primary
petition
39
Q

what is self announcement

A

a person who wants to run for office says so

40
Q

what people are most likely to self announce and example

A

3rd party candidates

George Wallace, H Ross Perot

41
Q

what is a caucus

A

a group of like minded people meet to discuss who they will support in the upcoming election

42
Q

when does a caucus date back to

A

1700’s

43
Q

who were the first caucuses meant for

A

everyone

44
Q

who took over the task of nominating candidates in the 18-1900’s (caucus)

A

legislative and congressional caucuses

45
Q

where do some states use caucuses and example

A

in their presidential primary, Iowa the most famous

46
Q

as the caucus method declined what became a popular way to nominate candidates

A

convention

47
Q

by the 1840’s which way became the way to nominate on all levels

A

convention

48
Q

what types of conventions were held

A

state, country, and every four years a nation convention

49
Q

why did the convention method weaken

A

they figured out how to manipulate the system (too much corruption)

50
Q

how often are national conventions

A

4 years

51
Q

what does the national convention do

A

helps nominate the presidential candidate for the party

52
Q

what is a direct primary

A

intraparty election

53
Q

what was the first state to use a direct primary

A

wisconsin

54
Q

what do most states use direct primaries for

A

to select nominees for the senate, house, and governorship

55
Q

who controls the rules for the primaries

A

the state not the party

56
Q

what are the two types of direct primaries

A

closed and open

57
Q

what is a closed primary

A

a party’s nominating election in which only declared members can vote

58
Q

when does someone establish their party/when can you change it

A

when they register to vote/ sometimes on election day

59
Q

open primary

A

a party’s nominating election in which any qualified voter can cast a ballot

60
Q

what is a blanket primary

A

a voter receives a list of all people running and they can vote however they choose, regardless of party

61
Q

what has the US supreme court ruled about blanket primaries

A

they are constitutional

62
Q

what is a runoff primary

A

some states make their nominees win an absolute majority of the votes. two top vote getters in the first primary face one another to determine the party’s nomination (someone has to get 50%)

63
Q

what is the primary process

A

one part of the nominating procedure

64
Q

what is the presidential primary

A

people in the states will vote for a person running for president and for delegates who will serve at the convention (its good to match the two)

65
Q

why are primaries a problem

A 
americans dont understand them
people think you should be able to vote in both primaries
voter turnout is usually very low
for candidates \$\$$
can be very divisive within the party
66
Q

what is petition nomination

A

you need a certain number of signatures from qualified voters to get on the ballot

67
Q

where is petition nominating used

A

local elections; positions like school board, judge positions, city (or municipal) council

68
Q

for a democratic society to work what do you need

A

fair and honest elections

69
Q

who are most elections governed by

A

the states and not federal government

70
Q

who sets the time and date for the electoral college to meet

A

the constitution

71
Q

who made rules saying that all elections must have a secret ballot

A

congress

72
Q

when are elections held

A

the tuesday after the first monday in november

73
Q

what is absentee voting

A

a process by which a person could vote without going to their polling place on election day (usually done by mail)

74
Q

what is the coattail effect

A

a strong candidate running for an office at the top of the ballot helps attract voters to other candidates on the party’s ticket

75
Q

examples of people who had a coattail effect

A

ronald regan
barak obama
franklin roosevelt

76
Q

who had the opposite effect of a coattail (example)

A

barry Goldwater, George McGovern, Jimmy Carter

77
Q

what do people think should be done in order to not have as much as a coattail effect

A

state and local elections should be held on different dates than federal elections

78
Q

precinct

A

a voting district; not supposed to have more than 500-1,000 registered voters

79
Q

polling place

A

the place where the voters in the precinct actually vote

80
Q

who supervises the elections at each polling place

A

a precinct board

81
Q

how is voting different now than it was

A

some states use paper while others use machines
the idea of secret ballots is newer
in colonial America voting was done by voice
as they became more intense secret ballots became a better idea

82
Q

how many features does an Australian ballot have

A

4

83
Q

what are the 4 main features of an Australian ballot

A
  1. ) provided at public expense
  2. ) lists all the names of all candidates in the election
  3. ) given out only at the polls
  4. ) can be marked in secret
84
Q

what are red sheet ballots

A

a long ballot that lists every candidate and every office
local ballots are often very long (sheriff, judges, coroner, school board, etc)
people just vote for anyone sometimes

85
Q

another name for the office group ballot

A

Massachusetts ballot

86
Q

what is the office-group ballot

A 
all candidates for the office are grouped together under the title of the office
     The best teacher at LF is....
       mr ryan
       mr ronzoni
       mrs. cornwall
87
Q

what is another name for the party-column ballot

A

Indiana ballot

88
Q

what is the party-column ballot

A

list all candidates under their partys name
perhaps it encourages straight ticket voting
hello cocktail effect

government and politics sophomore (50 decks)

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