Political Developments: The end of the Era of Reconstruction Flashcards
What year did Reconstruction officially end?
1877
Who became President after Andrew Johnson?
Ulysses S. Grant
What did the 15th Amendment do?
Gave all USA citizens the right to vote regardless of race
What had to happen with the 15th Amendment for it to pass? Who did this displease?
They had to get rid of the more controversial parts of the amendment, displeasing Radical Republicans
What was a limitation with all laws that the government passed for society?
It would take a long time for society to accept all new laws that passed
How did the Southern States feel about all legislation passed by The North after the Civil War?
They felt they were being targeted
What was difficult with legislation passed in the South actually being accepted?
It could only be accepted if there was a Northern Military Presence
What was the dominant political party in The South after the end of the Civil War?
Democrats
How long were the Democrats the dominant party in The South?
From 1870 to 1960
Who were the Ku Klux Klan?
A violent terror group that opposed Radical Reconstruction
What were the tactics of the Ku Klux Klan?
They would terrorise African Americans
What did the 1875 Civil Rights Act do? (2 things)
Gave African Americans equal access to public transportation, and also allow them to serve in Juries in courts.
What would happen with discrimination after the 1875 Civil Rights Act?
Any discrimination would be dealt with on a federal level
What was the situation with the passing of the 1875 Civil Rights Act in relation to the Reconstruction Era?
It was the last piece of legislation passed in the Reconstruction Era
Name the 2 cases which made the 1875 Civil Rights Act become Unconstitutional and the year they happened
Civil Rights Court cases of 1883, Plessy vs Ferguson, 1896
What happened with the Civil Rights Court cases of 1883?
The Supreme Court said the 13th and 14th Amendments did not outlaw discrimination by private individuals
What did the Five Discrimination Court Cases of 1883 result in?
Segregation in the South
What came about in the South against African Americans after Segregation started?
Jim Crow Laws
What happened with the Plessy vs Ferguson case of 1896?
It was found that the segregation laws were not unconstitutional as long as the facilities were equal.
What did the 1896 Plessy v Ferguson case legitimize?
It legitimized the enforcing of Jim Crow Laws
What was the situation with Reconstruction by 1877?
It was over
What happened with the North dealing with the South coming in to the 1870’s?
They became more focussed on their own economic growth
Why might the North have wanted to focus on themselves in terms of economic growth by the end of the 1860s?
Northern Wealth increased by 50% by the end of the 1860s
How many people died in fights over who should win the 1877 election?
11 people
What compromise was made in the 1877 Election?
Rutherford B Hayes could become President as long as The North stopped interfering with race issues in The South
What is the name for the strict laws imposed on African Americans after the 1877 Compromise?
Jim Crow Laws
What was the main focus of the Jim Crow laws?
To criminalise African Americans
