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History of America 1865-90 - Era of Reconstruction 1865-1877 > Key Terms: Political Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms: Political Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the Pilgrim Fathers? What were they the originators of?

A

People who set up colonies in Massachusetts in 1620

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2
Q

What was the Declaration of Independence? When was it created?

A

4th July 1776, Identified the idea of liberty and little government intervention from the Government

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3
Q

What did the US Constitution do? When was it made?

A

Created in 1787. Put the Declaration of Independence in to law, advocating for freedom and there to be no monarchy

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4
Q

What is the Federal System of Government?

A

When there is a central government for a nation but also each state has their own government

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5
Q

What is the Electoral College? How do they determine the overall amount of votes?

A

The people who’s votes count for deciding who will be the next President. Decided by the number of Electoral College votes in each state.

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6
Q

What does it mean if there is a laissez-faire political structure?

A

The idea that the government will not interfere in business growth

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7
Q

What is Isolationism?

A

The policy of keeping out of foreign affairs

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8
Q

What is Segregation?

A

The separation of African Americans from White Americans

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9
Q

What is an Abolitionist?

A

Someone who campaigns for the end of slavery

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10
Q

When was the Monroe Doctrine made? What was it?

A

Created in 1823 and said that Europe were not allowed to intervene with Latin America

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11
Q

What is Manifest Destiny?

A

The idea that Americans have always believed they were destined to conquer the rest of America

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12
Q

What is the Confederation? (Not the Civil War one)

A

The joining of different states from 1867-71 to strengthen Canada, which had recently gained independence from Britain

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13
Q

What is a Secretary of State?

A

The member of the cabinet who is responsible for foreign affairs and relations

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14
Q

Define Colonisation? (or else)

A

The forming of colonies where people go to in order to expand their territory

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15
Q

What was the California Gold Rush?

A

The discovery of gold in Sutters Mill in 1849 leading to a full scale attempt at finding as much gold as possible

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16
Q

What was the Bureau of Indian Affairs and when was it set up?

A

Set up in 1824 to better regulate work with Native Americans in the War Department

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17
Q

What is Impeachment?

A

The process by which a President can be removed from their position as President due to a crime that they have committed.

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18
Q

Define Emancipation in the USA context

A

The freeing of slaves in 1865

19
Q

What was Reconstruction?

A

The period from 1865-77 where there was an attempt to rebuild the USA after the Civil War

20
Q

What was Radical Reconstruction?

A

The policies introduced by Radical Republicans to do Reconstruction

21
Q

What is an example of a Radical Policy of Reconstruction?

A

Having a Northern Military Presence in Southern States in order to enforce Reconstruction

22
Q

What were the Black codes?

A

Laws implemented by the new Southern governments of the USA

23
Q

What did the Black codes initially ban?

A

Interracial marriage, the ability for a black person to testify against a white person in court

24
Q

Freedmens Bureau

A

Organisation initially set up for only a year by Lincoln and Congress to help African Americans get on their feet after being liberated from Slavery

25
Q

What did the 13th Amendment do? What loophole was there?

A

Officially banned slavery, apart from when it was a punishment for a crime

26
Q

What did the 14th Amendment do?

A

Forced all government officials to respect the equal rights of African Americans

27
Q

What did the 15th Amendment do?

A

Gave everyone equal voting rights regardless of skin colour

28
Q

Who were The Redeemers?

A

People who fought in the South against Southern Governments who they felt had been imposed on them

29
Q

What was the Tweed Ring? What 3 things did it control?

A

A money laundering organisation which controlled the courts, treasury and ballot box

30
Q

What was the Spoils system?

A

Where the winning political party after an election gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for supporting them

31
Q

What is Patronage?

A

The act of giving loyal supporters of your political party roles in the government

32
Q

What is Patronage also known as?

A

The ‘Spoils System’

33
Q

What were Stalwarts?

A

A section of the Republican party that existed briefly after the period of Reconstruction

34
Q

Who were Mugwumps? What did they oppose?

A

People who supported the Republican Party and heavily opposed political corruption

35
Q

What was the Gilded Age?

A

The label given to the period of growth in the USA in the late 19th century

36
Q

What was the Solid South?

A

The consistency of the Democrats dominating Southern states in elections from 1870 to 1960

37
Q

What does NNC stand for?

A

National Nominating Convention

38
Q

What was the National Nominating Convention?

A

A convention held by the Republicans and Democrats during the election years where the parties decide on their candidates and their policies

39
Q

What was Pork-barrel politics?

A

A term describing the way that politicians passed out federal government funds to reward people who helped them in elections

40
Q

What was Tammany Hall?

A

A political organisation which helped Irish immigrants gain a larger USA political presence from 1850 to 1960

41
Q

What was the Treaty of Fort Laramie?

A

A treaty made between the USA and Native Americans, where Native American tribes wished to live in peace

42
Q

What were the Alabama Claims?

A

The demanding of funds for damages to be given to the USA from Britain who attacked Union Merchant Ships

43
Q

What is Progressivism?

A

Doctrine developed in the early 1900s by Teddy Roosevelt which considered the rights for workers

History of America 1865-90 - Era of Reconstruction 1865-1877 (9 decks)

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