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A: Russia the gooden > Political Authority, Opposition and the State of Russia in Wartime. > Flashcards

Political Authority, Opposition and the State of Russia in Wartime. Flashcards

1
Q

How did the Russian people react to Nicholas II’s decision to go to war?

A

With patriotism and a wave of anti-German sentiment.

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2
Q

How was strike activity affected by Nicholas II’s decision to go to war?

A

dramatically declined.

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3
Q

What were ‘War Credits?’

A

the raising of taxes to fund war.

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4
Q

How did the Duma react to ‘War Credits?’

A

They voted for it and then the Duma dissolved.

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5
Q

Why did the State Duma dissolve at the beginning of the war?

A

So as to not ‘burden’ the country with unnecessary politics.

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6
Q

What was St. Petersburg renamed as at the beginning of the war?

A

Petrograd.

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7
Q

How many Russian’s died in the battle of Tennenburg?

A

300,000

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8
Q

When was the Battke of Tennenburg?

A

August 1914

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9
Q

What was the affect of the early failures in the war?

A

Russia had to retreat from East Prussia

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10
Q

How did the Russian people react to the realisation that the war would not end in a swift victory?

A

Reports of military incompetence surfaced,

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11
Q

What were ‘military zones?’

A

zones within which all civilian authority was suspended and the military assumed command.

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12
Q

What was the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

A

An combination of the Zemstva and Dumas claiming the right to help the Tsars government in the war effort.

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13
Q

Who was head of the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

A

Prince Lvov

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14
Q

How did Nicholas II react to the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

A

He accused them of stirring up trouble.

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15
Q

What turning point drove Nicholas II to take on the role of Commander-In-Chief?

A

defeats in Galicia.

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16
Q

How did Nicholas II’s role as Commander-in-Chief affect his reputation?

A

made him seem more responsible for the military failings.

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17
Q

Why did people disapprove of Alexandra at this point?

A

She was German & her involvement with Rasputin.

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18
Q

What date was Rasputin murdered?

A

17th December 1916.

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19
Q

How did the economy contribute to Russia’s military failings?

A

there wasn’t enough mercenaries to go around.

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20
Q

How many shells was each Russian soldier limited to per day?

A

two or three.

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21
Q

How much was Russia spending on War by 1918?

A

14,500 roubles.

22
Q

How did the countryside benefit from war?

A

Conscription helped relieve the pressures of overpopulation.

23
Q

What percentage rise was there in the price of living during the war?

A

300%

24
Q

How many workers went on strike in Moscow in January 1917?

A

30,000

25
Q

How many protested on the 1917 anniversary of Bloody Sunday?

A

150,000

26
Q

On Monday 14 February 1917, how many workers went on strike in total?

A

100,000

27
Q

By Sunday 25th February, how many shops are closed because of strikes?

A

the majority

28
Q

What date did the Head of the Duma contact the Tsar to tell him how serious the strikes in Petrograd were?

A

26th February

29
Q

How did Nicholas II respond to the Duma President’s warning?

A

told the Duma to stop meeting.

30
Q

How does the Tsar command the protests to be dealt with?

A

military force

31
Q

On the 27th February, how many protesters are killed on the Tsar’s command?

A

40

32
Q

How do the military forces in Russia react to the Tsar’s command to shoot at the protesters?

A

A mutiny begins as a sergeant shoots his commanding officer dead. The military join the protesters.

33
Q

How do the Duma react to the Tsar’s efforts to suppress the uprisings?

A

They hold a meeting to take over the government, setting up a 12 man provisional committee.

34
Q

How do the military organisations support the Duma’s provisional committee?

A

They order their soldiers to halt and support the Duma committee.

35
Q

What date was the Duma committee set up?

A

27th February

36
Q

What did the Petrograd Soviet suggest to aid the Duma Committee?

A

Each regiment should elect committees and send representatives to the soviet.

37
Q

What date did the Tsar formally abdicate?

A

2 March 1917

38
Q

What happened to the Tsar immediately after his abdication?

A

he and his family were placed under house arrest.

39
Q

After the Tsar’s abdication, who did the army receive commands from?

A

The Petrograd Soviet.

40
Q

Who lead the new provisional government?

A

Prince Lvov.

41
Q

Where were the provisional government set up?

A

In the right wing of the Tauride Palace in Petrograd.

42
Q

How did the workers, soldiers and peasants regard the provisional Government?

A

as a self-appointed committee of wealthy.

43
Q

Who made up the Petrograd Soviet?

A

Mensheviks and Social revolutionaries & a small number of Bolsheviks.

44
Q

Where was the Petrograd Soviet set up?

A

In the Left wing of the Tauride Palace.

45
Q

Who was the only member of both the Provisional government and the Petrograd Soviet?

A

Alexander Kerensky

46
Q

Who negotiated the agreement for both the provisional government and the petrograd soviet to work together?

A

kerensky

47
Q

What was the main problem with the Dual Power?

A

They couldn’t agree on anything

48
Q

How did the people react to Dual Power?

A

workers strikes and military desertions continued.

49
Q

Who was Kornilov?

A

Commander-in-Chief of the army.

50
Q

Why did Kornilov order 6 troops to march on Petrograd?

A

The upper classes felt that the dual power government had failed them.

51
Q

Why did the Kornilov Coup fail?

A

Kerensky panicked and released imprisoned Bolsheviks & armed the soviet with weapons to halt Kornilov.

52
Q

What happened to the leaders of the Kornilov Coup?

A

They were arrested.

A: Russia the gooden (26 decks)

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