Political Authority, Opposition and the State of Russia in Wartime.

Question 1

How did the Russian people react to Nicholas II’s decision to go to war?

Answer 1

With patriotism and a wave of anti-German sentiment.

Question 2

How was strike activity affected by Nicholas II’s decision to go to war?

Answer 2

dramatically declined.

Question 3

What were ‘War Credits?’

Answer 3

the raising of taxes to fund war.

Question 4

How did the Duma react to ‘War Credits?’

Answer 4

They voted for it and then the Duma dissolved.

Question 5

Why did the State Duma dissolve at the beginning of the war?

Answer 5

So as to not ‘burden’ the country with unnecessary politics.

Question 6

What was St. Petersburg renamed as at the beginning of the war?

Answer 6

Petrograd.

Question 7

How many Russian’s died in the battle of Tennenburg?

Answer 7

300,000

Question 8

When was the Battke of Tennenburg?

Answer 8

August 1914

Question 9

What was the affect of the early failures in the war?

Answer 9

Russia had to retreat from East Prussia

Question 10

How did the Russian people react to the realisation that the war would not end in a swift victory?

Answer 10

Reports of military incompetence surfaced,

Question 11

What were ‘military zones?’

Answer 11

zones within which all civilian authority was suspended and the military assumed command.

Question 12

What was the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

Answer 12

An combination of the Zemstva and Dumas claiming the right to help the Tsars government in the war effort.

Question 13

Who was head of the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

Answer 13

Prince Lvov

Question 14

How did Nicholas II react to the All Russian Union of Zemstva and Cities?

Answer 14

He accused them of stirring up trouble.

Question 15

What turning point drove Nicholas II to take on the role of Commander-In-Chief?

Answer 15

defeats in Galicia.

Question 16

How did Nicholas II’s role as Commander-in-Chief affect his reputation?

Answer 16

made him seem more responsible for the military failings.

Question 17

Why did people disapprove of Alexandra at this point?

Answer 17

She was German & her involvement with Rasputin.

Question 18

What date was Rasputin murdered?

Answer 18

17th December 1916.

Question 19

How did the economy contribute to Russia’s military failings?

Answer 19

there wasn’t enough mercenaries to go around.

Question 20

How many shells was each Russian soldier limited to per day?

Answer 20

two or three.

Question 21

How much was Russia spending on War by 1918?

Answer 21

14,500 roubles.

Question 22

How did the countryside benefit from war?

Answer 22

Conscription helped relieve the pressures of overpopulation.

Question 23

What percentage rise was there in the price of living during the war?

Answer 23

300%

Question 24

How many workers went on strike in Moscow in January 1917?

Answer 24

30,000

Question 25

How many protested on the 1917 anniversary of Bloody Sunday?

Answer 25

150,000

Question 26

On Monday 14 February 1917, how many workers went on strike in total?

Answer 26

100,000

Question 27

By Sunday 25th February, how many shops are closed because of strikes?

Answer 27

the majority

Question 28

What date did the Head of the Duma contact the Tsar to tell him how serious the strikes in Petrograd were?

Answer 28

26th February

Question 29

How did Nicholas II respond to the Duma President's warning?

Answer 29

told the Duma to stop meeting.

Question 30

How does the Tsar command the protests to be dealt with?

Answer 30

military force

Question 31

On the 27th February, how many protesters are killed on the Tsar's command?

Answer 31

40

Question 32

How do the military forces in Russia react to the Tsar's command to shoot at the protesters?

Answer 32

A mutiny begins as a sergeant shoots his commanding officer dead. The military join the protesters.

Question 33

How do the Duma react to the Tsar's efforts to suppress the uprisings?

Answer 33

They hold a meeting to take over the government, setting up a 12 man provisional committee.

Question 34

How do the military organisations support the Duma's provisional committee?

Answer 34

They order their soldiers to halt and support the Duma committee.

Question 35

What date was the Duma committee set up?

Answer 35

27th February

Question 36

What did the Petrograd Soviet suggest to aid the Duma Committee?

Answer 36

Each regiment should elect committees and send representatives to the soviet.

Question 37

What date did the Tsar formally abdicate?

Answer 37

2 March 1917

Question 38

What happened to the Tsar immediately after his abdication?

Answer 38

he and his family were placed under house arrest.

Question 39

After the Tsar's abdication, who did the army receive commands from?

Answer 39

The Petrograd Soviet.

Question 40

Who lead the new provisional government?

Answer 40

Prince Lvov.

Question 41

Where were the provisional government set up?

Answer 41

In the right wing of the Tauride Palace in Petrograd.

Question 42

How did the workers, soldiers and peasants regard the provisional Government?

Answer 42

as a self-appointed committee of wealthy.

Question 43

Who made up the Petrograd Soviet?

Answer 43

Mensheviks and Social revolutionaries & a small number of Bolsheviks.

Question 44

Where was the Petrograd Soviet set up?

Answer 44

In the Left wing of the Tauride Palace.

Question 45

Who was the only member of both the Provisional government and the Petrograd Soviet?

Answer 45

Alexander Kerensky

Question 46

Who negotiated the agreement for both the provisional government and the petrograd soviet to work together?

Answer 46

kerensky

Question 47

What was the main problem with the Dual Power?

Answer 47

They couldn't agree on anything

Question 48

How did the people react to Dual Power?

Answer 48

workers strikes and military desertions continued.

Question 49

Who was Kornilov?

Answer 49

Commander-in-Chief of the army.

Question 50

Why did Kornilov order 6 troops to march on Petrograd?

Answer 50

The upper classes felt that the dual power government had failed them.

Question 51

Why did the Kornilov Coup fail?

Answer 51

Kerensky panicked and released imprisoned Bolsheviks & armed the soviet with weapons to halt Kornilov.

Question 52

What happened to the leaders of the Kornilov Coup?

Answer 52

They were arrested.