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Grade 12- Semester One > PoliSci Final > Flashcards

PoliSci Final Flashcards

1
Q

democracy meaning

A

power from the people

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2
Q

monarchy meaning

A

power held by one

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3
Q

oligarchy

A

power held by few

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4
Q

autocracy

A

power from self

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5
Q

anarchy

A

power held by none

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6
Q

direct democracy

A

all citizens vote directly on decision making

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7
Q

indirect democracy

A

representative- vote for representatives- consists of presidential and parliamentary

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8
Q

four purposes of government and what they mean

A

maintain social order - provide ways of resolving conflict and make and enforce laws
provide public services- public health, safety, and essential services
national security-protect against external threats and provide framework for intergovernmental agreements
economic decisions- moderate the domestic economy,, provide economic aid to other countries

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9
Q

Structure of the constitution

A

preamble, seven arguments(articles), bill of rights, other amendments

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10
Q

what are all the articles in order in the constitution

A

1- establishes the congress/legislative branch
2. establishes executive branch
3- judicial branch
4- relationships and limits between states
5- how to amend constitution
6- national debt

7-ratification( says once 2/3 of states agree then it is ratified)

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11
Q

principles of constitution

A
  • popular sovereignty
  • checks and balances
  • separation of power
  • federalism
  • limited government
  • judicial review
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12
Q

popular sovereignty

A

governments authority is based on the consent of the governed - ex- voting for government officials

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13
Q

checks and balances

A

each branch of the government has some power over others– limits so not one has all power. -congress can overturn presidential veto

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14
Q

separation of power

A

power separated to different groups; multiple branches of government- ex- congress has power to make laws, president can veto, supreme court can say its unconstitutional

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15
Q

federalism

A

system in which power is divided between national state+local government- each have own laws- ex- one large power/government and then states also have their own powers (ex- drug legalization)

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16
Q

limited government

A

constitution limits the actions of the government by listing powers gov. does and doesnt have. - ex- us, england, canada, mexico, etc.

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17
Q

Legislative Process- House

A

(Introduce a bill, Referred to committee for work, committee vote, full chamber vote, passage by other house, conference committee, signed by president).

  • a bill is drafted & introduced on the floor
  • a bill is sent to a committee for study, discussion, & review
    - committees are reassigned every congressional term
  • calendars list bills to be considered
  • “house rules committee” directs legislation to more forward in consideration
    - what else are we doing on this bill? a checkpoint that the bill has met everyone it needs to
    - they have to review every single bill that committees send to them
  • quorums must be considered
    - minimum number of members required to be present to allow official action. typically half or more
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18
Q

Legislative Process-senate

A

compared to the house, the senate has a very informal atmosphere
– bill introduced on the senate floor
– senate leadership controls flow of bills to committees
committee revises bill & holds a vote before passing – the bill to the senate for debate

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19
Q

constitutional requirements to be a member of senate

A

9 yrs citizen
Residence in that state
30 yrs old

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20
Q

constitutional requirements to be a member of house

A

7 yrs as citizen
Resident in that state
25 yrs old

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21
Q

Congressional redistricting

A

Congressional representation determined by census
Reapportionment takes place every ten years
Each district MUST have the same population
Racial considerations
Gerrymandering

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22
Q

structure of congress

A

bicameral- house (population based) + senate (2 ppl per state)

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23
Q

speaker of the house

A

nancy pelosi- chosen by the majority. presiding officer of the house- has lots of power

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24
Q

who is the minority leader for house

A

kevin mccarthy

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25
Q

current representative for sounthern MN

A

jim hagedorn

26
Q

majority leader for senate

A

chuck schumer- scheudule work of senate and steer bills through committees

27
Q

minority leader for senate

A

mitch mcConnell

28
Q

MN senators

A

amy klobuchar and Tina smith

29
Q

congressional caucuses

A

group of like minded congress memebers(black caucus)

30
Q

committees

A

group of expert congress memebers
chaired by a member in the majority party
before congress votes on a bill it needs to be cleared by a committee

31
Q

joint committee

A

has both members from house and senate

32
Q

federalist 10

A

by James Madison. Warning of power of factions and competing interests over US gov. Everyone has their own self interest. Large republic helps control factions because there is more representation and more opinions

33
Q

qualification to be president

A

natural born citizen, 35+ yrs old, US resident for 14+ years

34
Q

powers of president

A
  • head of armed forces(but cannot be in military)
  • can receive written recommendations from cabinet
  • power to grant pardons (except in cases of impeachment)
  • can make treaties with 2/3 congress approval
35
Q

duties of president

A
  • deliver state of union speech in congress every jan
  • call congress into special sessions if they had adjourned
  • receive ambassadors and other public ministers
  • responsible for enforcing laws and choosing others to assist them
36
Q

role of president- chief executive

A

the presidents duty is to have the power to enforce laws. this can also include executive orders (have force of law)- ex- ww2 execuitve order to keep japanese americans in camps

37
Q

role of president- head of state

A

symbol of the nation and ceremonial head of government - ex- give medals of bravery to soldiers

38
Q

role of president-chief diplomat

A

has final say on laws and can veto- james madison vetoed a bill for construction of roads and canals

39
Q

role of president-commander in chief

A

civilian leading the nations armed forces

40
Q

foreign policy

A

DIME- diplomacy, informational, military, economic

41
Q

cabinet

A

15 leaders of the major executive departments
individual role- leading executive departments
collective role- advising president

42
Q

original jurisdiction

A

trial court that hears a case for the first time (u.s. district court, u.s. supreme court)

43
Q

appellate jurisdiction

A

hears appeals from lower court decisions (u.s. court of appeals, u.s. supreme court)

44
Q

district courts

A

lowest level in the federal system
94 judicial districts in 50 states & territories
no appellate jurisdiction
original jurisdiction over most cases

45
Q

courts of appeal

A

intermediate level in the federal system
12 regional “circuit” courts, including d.c. circuit
no original jurisdiction; strictly appellate

46
Q

supreme court

A

highest court in the federal system
nine justices, meeting in d.c.
limited original jurisdiction over some cases
appeals jurisdiction through certiorari process (the record of a lower court is
sent to a superior court for review)

47
Q

power of federal courts

A

provide criminal rulings
interpret the u.s. Constitution & its amendments
provide checks & balances on the executive & legislative branches
conduct judicial review

48
Q

judicial review

A

congressional laws (statutes) (affordable care act)
state actions (separate train car law)
federal bureaucratic agencies (u.s. fish & wildlife service vs sierra club)
presidential actions (deferred action for childhood arrivals)
guiding principles of the american legal system

49
Q

criminal law

A

offenses considered to be crimes against society as a whole

warrant punishment by & in the name of society

50
Q

civil law

A

deals with the rights of private citizens

usually involve lawsuits seeking monetary damages

51
Q

constitutional law

A

relates to the meaning of the constitution in a case (brown vs topeka, board of education, 1954)

52
Q

the process of supreme court hearing

A

step 1 : the supreme court receives a petition or case
step 2 : the process of granting writ of certiorari
step 3 : written arguments
step 4 : oral arguments
step 5 : conference
step 6 : rendering an opinion

53
Q

writ of certiorari

A

does the case have standing? (is there a constitutional issue being raised that has not been raised previously? was this decision raised as an error?)
“rule of four”
if NO: SCOTUS decides not to take case, no “petition of value”
facts already established
if YES: SCOTUS looks at legal & process issues; constitutional questions

54
Q

written arguments

A

briefs submitted by each lawyer
amicus curiae briefs (someone who is not a party to a case assists a court by offering information, expertise, or insight that has a bearing on the issues in the case)

55
Q

oral arguments

A

each side has 30 minutes

justices interrupt frequently

56
Q

opinion

A

written decision by the court

57
Q

authority to hear certain cases

A

jurisdiction of the court

58
Q

solicitor general

A

from lower court- presents case to supreme court

59
Q

current method for judge to get position

A

president nominates someone he sees fit for position. then congress reviews it to ensure they are actually qualified and will protect constituitional rights

60
Q

6 goals of preamble

A

form a more perfect Union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity

Grade 12- Semester One (10 decks)

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