polisaharidi in nukleinske kisline Flashcards

1
Q

iz cesa so zgrajeni polisaharidi

A

iz monosaharidnih podenot

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2
Q

kako se povežejo monosaharidi

A

tako da odcepijo molekulo vode

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3
Q

glukoza

A

pogost monosaharid
za sladkorje je značilno da imajo v molekuli več hidroksilnih skupin

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4
Q

škrob

A

polisaharid ki nastane s povezovanjem alfa glukoze

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5
Q

celuloza

A

polisaharid ki nastane s povezovanjem beta glukoze

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6
Q

heksoza

A

glukoza in fruktoza ker imata 6 ogljikovih atomov

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7
Q

kako se razlikujeta alfa in beta glukoza

A

v položaju hidroksilne skupine

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8
Q

disaharid

A

laktoza

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9
Q

škrob

A

rezervna snov za rastline
energetski pomen

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10
Q

celuloza

A

celična stena rastlin, prehrana

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11
Q

glikogen

A

rezervna snov pri živalih in rastlinah

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12
Q

hitin

A

celična stena gliv, hitinjača rakov

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13
Q

kako je škrob zgrajen in kaj ga zragradi

A

iz zaporednih vezav glukoze
razgradi ga amilaza

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14
Q

kaj so nukleinske kisline

A

dolge verige zgrajene iz med seboj povezanih nukleotidov

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15
Q

kaj gradi nukleotid

A

sladkor s petimi ogljiki( pentoza)
dušikova baza
fosfatni ostanek

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16
Q

pentoza

A

v rna riboza
v dna deoksiriboza

17
Q

dušikove baze

A

adenin timin citozin gvanin v DNA
adenin uracil citozin gvanin

18
Q

kako se povežejo nukleotidi v nukleinske kisline

A

tako, da se poveže fosfatna skupine enega nukleotida s pentozo drugega nukleotida
tudi pri tej reakciji se odcepi voda

19
Q

komplementarnost

A

a-t
g-c
nasprotno ujemajoče baze