od gena do beljakovin Flashcards

1
Q

kaj je gen

A

enota dednosti, del molekule DNA, ki nosi zapis za neko lastnost in se lahko prenaša iz generacije v generacijo.

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2
Q

kaj določa gen

A

zgradbo beljakovine

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3
Q

kdo je posrednik med genom in beljakovino

A

RNA

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4
Q

čemu je podobno prepisovanje v RNA

A

podvojevanju DNA

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5
Q

kdo omogoca prepisovanje

A

encim polimeraza

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6
Q

ali velja pravilo komplementarnosti

A

ja

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7
Q

kaj nastane s prepisovanjem gena

A

obvescevalna RNA
mRNA

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8
Q

kje poteka prepisovanje

A

v evkariontih = jedro
prokariontih = citoplazma

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9
Q

v kaj se prevede zaorednje nukleotidov mRNA v citoplazmi

A

v zaporednje aminokislin

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10
Q

kje poteka prevajanje

A

na ribosomih

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11
Q

kaksen je genski kod

A

univerzalen
vsi imamo skupnega prednika

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12
Q

iz koliko aminokislin je ena beljakovina

A

20

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13
Q

do pomaga pri prevajanju

A

genski kod

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14
Q

koliko nukleotidov v mRNA se prevede v 1 aminokislino

A

3

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15
Q

kako imenujemo tri nukleotide

A

kodon

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16
Q

stop kodon

A

2 nukleotidi ki ne kodirajo nobene aminokisline

17
Q

start kodon

A

zacetni kodon

18
Q

prva aminokislina

A

metionin

19
Q

s cim je napisan nacrt za nastanek beljakovin

A

s kodoni

20
Q

v cem so kodoni

A

v mRNA

21
Q

kdo opravlja prevajanje kodonov v aminokisline

A

prenasalna RNA
tRNA

22
Q

za vsako aminokislino je posebna tRNA

A
23
Q

kje se molekule aminokislin in tRNA povezejo s pomocjo encimov

A

v citoplazmi

24
Q

s cigavo pomocjo se povezejo tRNA in aminokisline

A

z encimi

25
Q

tri nukleotidi v tRNA

A

antikodon

26
Q

kdo omogoca povezovanje aminokislim v beljakovino

A

ribosomi