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Clinical Tox. > Poisonous Plants 2 > Flashcards

Poisonous Plants 2 Flashcards

1
Q

TP of death angel

A

Ibotenic acid and muscimol

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2
Q

Target of death angel

A

Liver

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3
Q

Clinical signs of death angel

A

Tachycard., hypotension, ataxia, seizures, hyperactivity, paddling, chewing, opisthotonus, respiratory depression, coma, death

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4
Q

Death angel tx

A

Diazepam & treat symptoms

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5
Q

Clinical signs of grape/raisins

A
  • early: vomiting (within 2 hrs)
  • diarrhea
  • excessive thirst
  • excessive pee or lethargy
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6
Q

In 1-3 days, grapes and raising cause

A

Acute kidney failure, coma, death, tremors and seizures

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7
Q

TP, MOA, and species grapes affect

A
  • unknown tp and moa
  • dogs
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8
Q

Tp for marijuana

A

Thc

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9
Q

Tx for marijuana

A

Supportive PRN, diazepam

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10
Q

What part of lilies are nephrotoxic

A

All parts

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11
Q

Spp for lilies

A

Cats

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12
Q

Clinical signs of lilies

A

Vomit, anorexia, depression, anuria

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13
Q

Dx for lilies

A

Elevated creatinine, BUN, P, K

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14
Q

LILIES CAUSE

A

Acute tubular necrosis

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15
Q

Tx for lilies

A

Detox ac

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16
Q

Oak bud (acorn) TP

A

Tannins

17
Q

Oak bud/acorn poisoning in what spp

A

Cattle and sheep

18
Q

Clinical signs of acorn/oak bud tox

A

Onset 3-7 days, young leaves in spring and green in fall, git effects, renal toxicity, icterus in liver

19
Q

Tp of onions and garlic

A

N-propyl disulfide

20
Q

Toxic part of onions and garlic

A

Bulb

21
Q

MOA of onion and garlic

A

Denatures Hgb-> heinz bodies and acute hemolysis

22
Q

Susceptible spp. of onions and garlic

A

Cattle and dogs

23
Q

Clinical signs of onion and garlic

A

Acute hemolytic crisis, weakness, polypnea, icterus, hemoglobinuria, cyanosis

24
Q

Susceptible spp. to xylitol

A

K9s

25
Q

Moa of xylitol

A

Stimulator (strong) of insulin-> sever hypoglycemia -> acute liver failure and coagulopathies

26
Q

MOA of sago palm

A

Cycasin irritates GIT

27
Q

Clinical signs of sago palm

A

GOT, CNS, Neurotoxic, hepatotoxic signs; anorexia, ataxia, seizures, wt loss, paresis

28
Q

Tp of sago palm

A

Cycasin, bmaa

29
Q

Azaleas and rhododendrons

A
  • tp: grayantoxin
  • moa: bind na channels in excitable membranes, interferes with/ skeletal and cardiac m and nerve funct
  • signs: salivation, lacrimation, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, weakness, numbness, convulsions, coma, death
30
Q

Castor bean

A
  • tp: ricin alkaloid
  • target: git and liver
  • signs: 24hr onset delay, emesis, diarrhea, nausea, colic, nephrotox.
31
Q

Daffodil

A
  • tp: lyosin alkaloids
  • signs: vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, weakness, deaths
32
Q

Autumn crocus

A
  • tp: colchine
  • few seeds lethal
  • moa: colchine inhibits spindle formation during cell division
  • signs: burning mouth, neuropathies, cardiac arrhythmias, renal and liver failure
  • tx: colchine fab fragments
33
Q

Cyclamen

A
  • spp: k9 and cats
  • tp: terpenoid saponins
  • clinical signs: salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, arrhythmias, seizures, death
  • tx: supportive prn
34
Q

Larkspur

A
  • spp: k9, cats
  • neuromusc. Paralysis: constipation, colic, increased salivation, muscle tremors, stiffness, weakness, recumbency, convulsion
  • cardiac failure
  • respiratory paralysis
35
Q

Horse tail

A
  • tx: thiaminases, silicates, aconitic acid (inhibit vitamin B1)
  • signs: unthriftiness, wt loss, emaciatation, coma, death
  • contracted via ingestion of of contaminated hay (>20%)
36
Q

Cocklebur

A
  • tp: carboxyatractyloside
  • seeds and cotyledons are toxic
  • moa: inhibits ATP transport in mitochondria
  • signs: colic, liver tox, depression, convulsions
37
Q

Pigweed

A
  • tp: oxalates and nitrates
  • spp: livestock (swine)
  • signs: weakness, trembling, incoordination. Kucking of pastern joint, hind limb paralysis and death
  • dx: azotemia, hyperkalemia, heart failure
  • perirenal eema & ascites
38
Q

Bracken fern

A
  • all parts toxic
  • thiaminase -> inactivates vit B1
  • enzootic hematuria in cattle and sheep
39
Q

Bracken staggers

A
  • spp: all; HORSES ESP
  • tp: thiaminase
  • signs: anorexia, wt loss, incoordination, tachy., arrhythmia, convulsions, death
  • tx: remove, thiamine solution (inj and oral), abx, blood/platelets
  • prognosis: poor in cattle, good/guarded in cattle

Clinical Tox. (5 decks)

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