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Litt VL what is Litterature > Poetry > Flashcards

Poetry Flashcards

1
Q

what is:
Rule-adding creativity

A

Additional constraints on how we speak or write
Have to have harmony with the rules of ordinary language

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2
Q

define the rhyme and the coda in:

rain, spain, pain

and explain why the part that rhymes rhymes

A

ai = rhyme
N = coda

What rimes is the part of the syllable that has the greates sonority (relative loudness) and can be futher dividived into the peak and the coda

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3
Q

Maskuline rhyme

A

Rhyme only effects the last syllable of the rhyme (keep, deep), fire/desire, mark/stark,

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4
Q

Femenim rhyme

A

Rhymes on two syllables (not often)
steaming and beaming,

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5
Q

Trippel rhymes

A

Rhymes on three syllables
(very rare)

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6
Q

Alliteration

A

Rhymes based on the identity of the onset

E.g. Alliteration is a literary device that involves two or more words that appear close together and have the same initial stressed consonant syllable.“Good grief” and “red rose”are two examples. This repeat of sound usually involves the same letters in both words.

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7
Q

Identical rhymes

A

E.g. Identical rhyme is rhyming a word with itself by using the exact same word in the rhyming position. In some cases, the repeated word refers to a different meaning. For example:day by day, until the break of day

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8
Q

Euphony

A

the quality of pleasing the ear

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9
Q

Prosody

A

the patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry.

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10
Q

Elevation

A

“Poetry draws attention to itself and its soundscape“
Harmony of sounds sets

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11
Q

Mnemonical

A

Rhymes imprint themselves on our verbal memories, its easier to remember

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12
Q

Structuring (in regard to rhyme)

A

Rhymes mark the end of units (verses, stanzas)
They foreground structure and shape
Sonnets e.g. of rhyme schemes to bind groups of verses together and setting them from one another.

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13
Q

Semantics

A

Words can be semantically activated or energized. This includes a on the corresponding or contrastive semantic relation between the rhyming words.
Google: For example, “destination” and “last stop” technically mean the same thing, but students of semantics analyze their subtle shades of meaning.

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14
Q

Prosodic properties of language:

A

Intonation, stress, loudness

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15
Q

qualitative metre

A

A metrical organization based on stress counting

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16
Q

quantitative metre

A

A purely syllabic Metre based on syllable counting

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17
Q

Metrical Grid

A

underlines the rhythm of a poem
The basic layer of or dimension of rhythm

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18
Q

The three distinctions in possible prosodic levels of prominence

A
  1. A sentential stress (focal accent)
  2. Secondary stress
    (For example, secondary stress is said to arise in compound words like vacuum cleaner, where the first syllable of vacuum has primary stress, while the first syllable of cleaner is usually said to have secondary stress.)
  3. Unstressed syllable
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19
Q

The foot

A

a recurrent combination of stressed metrically strong syllables (/)
And unstressed metrically weak syllables (x)

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20
Q

(X/)

A

Iambic

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21
Q

(/x)

A

Trochaic

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22
Q

(/xx)

A

Dactylic

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23
Q

(xx/)

A

Anapestic

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24
Q

Monosyllable:

A

enstavelse

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25
Q

Polysyllabic

A

wordshave many syllables. The word librarian is polysyllabic, but the word book is not.
One syllable is the most prominent

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25
Q

Lexical Stress

A

syllable stress

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26
Q

Focal accent

A

(sentence stress)

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27
Q

Catena

A

Lexical chain
(pleasure -read - reading - know -knowledge)

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28
Q

Rule-breaking creativity

A

Rule-breaking is disruption of the grid, which makes the readers question their expectation of regularity.

29
Q

Iconicity

A

Example:
A road sign that marks a bicycle lane and has an image of bicycle on itis iconic because the form of the sign, in particular the graphic image on it, is related in a direct way to its meaning; both form and meaning have to do with bicycles

30
Q

couplet

A

A famous example of a rhyming couplet is:Double, double, toil and trouble;Fire burn and cauldron bubble. In this rhyming couplet, ‘trouble’ and ‘bubble’ rhyme

31
Q

quatrain

A

is simply a stanza made of four lines.

32
Q

what is an octet or sektet

A

8 or 6 lines

33
Q

The Volta

A

The Italian word for “turn,” a volta isa rhetorical shift that marks the change of a thought or argument in a poem. Other common names for volta include turn, fulcrum, or hinge.

34
Q

Narrative poetry vs Lyric poetry

A

. Narrative poetry: long poems (epic, romance, ballads)

Lyric poetry: shorter poems focusing on specific impression or idea

35
Q

Speaker

A

A persona or voice present their feelings, observations and reflections to an implicit or explicit listener or fictional addressee

36
Q

Persona

A

A persona poem isa poem in which the poet speaks through an assumed voice. Also known as a dramatic monologue, this poetic form shares many characteristics with a theatrical monologue: an audience is implied; there is no dialogue; and the poet takes on the voice of a character, a fictional identity, or a persona.

37
Q

Voice

A

Voice, simply put, isthe person behind the words that speaks out to the audience. It is made up of many poetic elements such as tone, imagery, rhythm, diction, punctuation, and more.

38
Q

Versification:

A

The techniques, principles and practices of composing verse.
Especially in its technical aspects of metre, rhyme, and stanza form the conversion of a prose passage
Or word into metrical verse form.

39
Q

Blank Verse

A

Regular metrical lines without rhymes
Which is a characteristic feature of Shakespeare’s plays (usually iambic pentameter)

40
Q

Eye rhyme:

A

asimilaritybetween words in spelling but not inpronunciation, for exampleloveandmove.
Other deffinition An eye rhyme, also called a visual rhyme or a sight rhyme, isa rhyme in which two words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently.

41
Q

Enjambment

A

is the continuation of a sentence or clause across a line break. For example, the poet John Donne uses enjambment in his poem “The Good-Morrow” when he continues the opening sentence across the line break between the first and second lines: “I wonder, by my troth, what thou and I / Did, till we loved?
It’s a syntactic unit that stretch across verse endings.

42
Q

Caesura:

A

Line break or pause within the line (for eksample semi collon)

43
Q

what kind of rhymes:
1. aa bb cc
2. abab cdcd
3. abba cddc
4. aba bcb cdc
5. aab ccb

A

Rhyming couplets: aa bb cc
Alternate rhyme: abab cdcd
Embracing Rhyme: abba cddc
Chain rhyme aba bcb cdc
Tail rhyme aab ccb

44
Q

Rhyming couplets:
Alternate rhyme:
Embracing Rhyme:
Chain rhyme
Tail rhyme

A
  1. aa bb cc
  2. abab cdcd
  3. abba cddc
  4. aba bcb cdc
  5. aab ccb
45
Q

Iamb

A

a beat in a line of poetry where one stressed syllable is followed by a
Unstressed syllable.

46
Q

Metre:
1. three stresses
2. four stresses
3. fivemetricalfeet
4. six stresses

A
    • Trimeter
    • Tetrameter
  3. Pentameter
  4. Hexameter
47
Q

Free verse:

A

No fixed rhyme or metre but nonetheless rhythm

48
Q

Verbal repetition:

A

Repeating the same words or phrases in a literary work of poetry or prose can bring clarity to an idea and/or make it memorable for the reader.

49
Q

Anaphora

A

repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of lines

50
Q

Terchet

A

A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed.

51
Q

Italian sonnet (pertronic not sure spelling)

A

First quatrain: abba
Sencond quatrain: abba

Together they form an octave = An eight-line stanza or poem.

Then a turn (also called volta)
The volta, or turn, isa rhetorical shift or dramatic change in thought and/or emotion.
Then a six line unit a sekstet)
First tercet cde

Second terchet: cde

52
Q

Englosch Sonnet:

A

Iambic pentameter
First quatrain: abab
Second quatrain: cdcd
Third qustrain efef
Turn
Couplet: gg

53
Q

Idiomatic phrases

A

Anything idiomatic relates toexpressions that cannot be understood according to their literal meaning, like “it’s raining cats and dogs” or “bite the bullet.”

54
Q

what is the Tenor and the vehicle in a Metafor

A

can be divided into to parts
1. The Tenor (what is actually under discussion)
2. The vehicle (Image in terms of which the tenor is represented)
Example: Human elephant

The metaphor: making believe that tenor and vehicle are identical

55
Q

Simile

A
  • Example: Life is like a walking shadow.
    The two things to be compared are sort of spellef out.
    The comparison itself is made explicit by using words like: like, as…as, more than,
56
Q

Synecdoche
(part of Metonymy )

A

Synecdoche isa figure of speech in which you use a part of something to stand for the whole thing. If your parents buy you a car and you say that you just got a new set of wheels, you’re using synecdoche — you’re using the wheels, which are part of a car, to refer to the whole car

57
Q

Metonymy

A

A figure of speech that replaces the name of one thing with the name of something else closely associated with it
E.g. Bottle for alcoholic drink, Mozart for Mozart’s music

58
Q

Synasthesia

A
  • A blending confusion of different kinds of sense-impressions in which one type of sensation is referred to in terms more appropriate to another
    Example: I should hear him fly )instead of I should see him fly)
59
Q

Allegory:

A

The Oxford English Dictionary defines“allegory”as a“story, picture, or other piece of art that usessymbolsto convey a hidden or ulterior meaning, typically a moral or political one.

60
Q

Topos

A

Situation, incident, idea, image, or character-type that is found in may different literary works, folktales or myths. Or any element of worm that is elaborated into a more general theme.

61
Q

consonance

A

A resemblance in sound between two words, or an initial rhyme (see also Alliteration). Consonance can also refer to shared consonants, whether in sequence (“bed” and “bad”) or reversed (“bud” and “dab”). Browse poems with consonance.

62
Q

Assonans

A

Assonance is the repetition of the vowel sound across words within the lines of the poem creating internal rhymes. Examples of assonance across words include: crying time; hop-scotch; great flakes; between trees; and, the kind knight rides by.

63
Q

Onomatopoeia

A

Onomatopoeia are words that describe or imitate sounds. e.g. Moo, ribbit, shhh

64
Q

euphemism

A

a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

65
Q

hyperbole

A

Hyperbole is a rhetorical and literary technique where an author or speaker intentionally uses exaggeration and overstatement for emphasis and effect.
“I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse,” “I’ve seen this movie a hundred times,” or “It cost an arm and a leg.”

66
Q

Personification

A

A concrete or abstract element is presented as if it were alive or human

67
Q

Metaphor

A

In a metaphor the idea is presented as an imaginary identity rather than directly stated as a comparison.
Referring to a man as a pig is metaphorical in comparison saying he is like a pig is a simile.
Creating a relationship of similarity

Metaphors we live by: Life is a journey - has taken a life of is own, it is an essential part of how we think about life

68
Q

Antonomasia:

A

In fiction,the practice of giving to a character a proper name that defines or suggests a leading quality of that character(such as Squire Allworthy, Doctor Sawbones, little napoleon), is also called antonomasia.

69
Q

Periphrasis/circumlocution

A

Description of element by making reference to its characteristics
The bleating kind = sheep

Litt VL what is Litterature (7 decks)

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