PNS, ANS and Spinal Cord

Question 1

Type of nerve that carries information away from the CNS

Answer 1

Efferent

Question 2

Type of nerve that carries information to the CNS

Answer 2

Afferent

Question 3

Visceral and somatic afferent nerves are found in this part of the spinal cord

Answer 3

Posterior horn

Question 4

Visceral efferent nerves are found in this part of the spinal cord

Answer 4

Lateral horn

Question 5

Sensory efferent nerves are found in this area of the spinal cord

Answer 5

Anterior horn

Question 6

Sensory receptor involved with taste, smell, pH and metabolite concentrations

Answer 6

Chemoreceptors

Question 7

Retinal visual receptors

Answer 7

Photoreceptors

Question 8

These receptors respond to physical stimuli

Answer 8

Mechanoreceptors

Question 9

Nociceptors respond to this

Answer 9

Pain

Question 10

These receptors help determine where you are in relation to space

Answer 10

Proprioreceptors

Question 11

These encapsulates receptors detect muscle length

Answer 11

Muscle spindles

Question 12

Encapsulated receptors that detect muscle tension

Answer 12

Golgi tendon organs

Question 13

The caudal end of the spinal cord

Answer 13

Conus medullaris

Question 14

Where do the dorsal rootlets enter the spinal cord?

Answer 14

Posterolateral sulcus

Question 15

These rootlets leave the spinal cord at the anterolateral sulcus

Answer 15

Ventral

Question 16

The two sides of the spinal cord communicate through this area

Answer 16

Anterior white commissure

Question 17

Where the axons from the DRG enter the spinal cord

Answer 17

Posterior intermediate sulcus

Question 18

Where axons leave the anterior horn

Answer 18

Anterolateral sulcus

Question 19

The posterior intermediate sulcus is only found above this spinal level

Answer 19

T6

Question 20

Sensory fibers arising from the leg are found here

Answer 20

Fasiculus gracilis

Question 21

The fasciculus cuneatus supplies sensory fibers to here

Answer 21

Arm

Question 22

Part of the spinal cord that is involved with pain and temperature

Answer 22

Substantia gelatinosa

Question 23

Lissauer’s tract contains this

Answer 23

Finely mylienated and unmyleinated fibers

Question 24

Medial neuronal clusters in the anterior horn innervate these muscles

Answer 24

Axial

Question 25

The limb muscles are found in this area of the anterior horn

Answer 25

Lateral clusters

Question 26

Injuries to this area of the spinal cord causes the patient to not be able to breathe, and so are very dangerous

Answer 26

C3, C4, C5 (High spinal cord)

Question 27

Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are all located in this section of the spinal cord

Answer 27

T1-L3

Question 28

Collection of neurons on the medial surface of the intermediate gray matter from T1-L2

Answer 28

Clarke's nucleus

Question 29

What is the function of Clarke's nucleus

Answer 29

Relay for transmission of info to the cerebellum and proprioceptive info from leg

Question 30

This anchor the spinal cord laterally so it does not move side to side

Answer 30

Denticulate ligaments

Question 31

This ancholrs the conus medullaris to the end of the dural sheath and then to the coccyx

Answer 31

Filum terminale

Question 32

This reflex does not involve interneurons

Answer 32

Stretch reflex

Question 33

This artery feeds the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

Answer 33

Anterior spinal artery

Question 34

this artery anastamoses with the Anterior spinal artery at about T12

Answer 34

Artery of Adamkiewicz

Question 35

This system controls visceral activity

Answer 35

ANS

Question 36

Neurotransmitter that is used in both parasympathetic and the first synapse in sympathetics

Answer 36

Achetylcoline

Question 37

This neurotransmitter is used in the 2nd sympathetic synapse (usually)

Answer 37

Norepinephrine

Question 38

What is the exception for sympathetics using NE as 2nd synapse

Answer 38

Sweat glands, they use Ach for both

Question 39

Preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system are located here

Answer 39

T1-L2/3

Question 40

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are located here

Answer 40

Brainstem and sacral cord

Question 41

Where CN III preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies are located

Answer 41

Edinger-Wesphal nucleus

Question 42

Where the cell bodies of CN III post ganglionic fibers are located

Answer 42

Cilliary ganglion

Question 43

Post ganglionic fibers of CN VII that go the the lacrimal gland are located here

Answer 43

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 44

Preganglionic fibers of CN IX are found here

Answer 44

Inferior salivatory nucleus

Question 45

The otic ganglion is where these are located

Answer 45

Posterior ganglion of CN IX

Question 46

Parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies serving the GI tract are found here

Answer 46

Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

Question 47

The nucleus ambiguous has preganglionic cell bodies that serve this organ

Answer 47

Heart

Question 48

The axons of the vagal nerve fibers terminate here

Answer 48

Wall of target tissue

Question 49

Sympathetic postganglionic cell bodies are found here

Answer 49

Gray communicating ramus

Question 50

Thw white communicating ramus contains these

Answer 50

Preganglionic sympathetic nerves

Question 51

Post ganglionic fibers reach the head via this

Answer 51

Cervical ganglia and Carotid plexus

Question 52

Horner syndrome is characterized by these symptoms

Answer 52

Ptosis Miosis Endophthalmos Anhydrosis

Question 53

Horner syndrome is caused by this

Answer 53

Apically situated lung cancer

Question 54

Pain from viscera perceived as arising from the surface

Answer 54

Referred pain