Cranial Nerves V & VII Flashcards by Elizabeth Holloway

Where does the trigeminal nerve come off the brainstem?

Midlevel of the pons at the middle cerebral peduncle

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Where does the acial nerve come of the brainstem

At the cerebellopontine angle, the junction between the pons and the cerebellum

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What is the function of the trigeminal nerve?

Transmits tactile, proprioceptive, pain and temperature from the head to the cortex

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What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

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What is the function of the Opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

Sensory to the upper face

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What is the function of the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve?

Sensory to the middle face

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What is the function of the Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

Sensory and motor to the lower face

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The main sensory nucleus is responsible for what sensory functions?

Proprioception and two point tactile touch

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Where does proprioception for the jaw originate/terminate in the CNS

Mesencephalic nucleus

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The branchial motor nerve or the trigeminal nerve originates here

Trigeminal motor nucleus

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Where does the brachial motor nerve of CN V go to?

Muscles of mastication

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The trigeminal spinal nucleus of CN V is responsible for this

Pain

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What nucleus of CN V is responsible for Two point tactile descrimination?

Main sensory nucleus

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CN V cortical representation in the parietal lobe is in these areas of the parietal lobe

Postcentral gyrus

Brodman’s areas 3,1,2

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The sensory afferent portion of CN V serves these regions

Face, head
Oral cavity, teeth
Meninges of the base of the skull

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Where are the cell bodies of the sensory afferent part of CN V located?

Trigeminal ganglion

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Where does the trigeminal gangion synapse?

Main principal trigeminal sensory nucleus

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What is the function of the main principal trigeminal sensory nucleus?

Discrimative touch and vibration

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CN V main sensory nucleus has these functions

Discrimative tactile and jaw proprioception

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The crossed ascending pathway of CN V joins this on its way to the ventro posteromedial nucleus

Medial lemniscus

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This acending pathway of CN V main sensory nucleus does not cross, and is responsible for intraoral sensation/taste.

Dorsal trigeminal tract

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Where the functional component of CNV that is responsible for pain, crude touch and temperature terminates

Trigeminal spinal nucleus

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The afferents of the spinal trigeminal tract synapse here

Caudal nucleus

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Second order neurons o the spinal trigeminal tract send axons across the midline and join this tract.

Spinothalamic tract

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Where does the spinal trigeminal tract terminate

Ventro Posteromedial nucleus

Area of the spinal trigeminal tract that is responsible for pain and temperature

Pars caudalis

Two areas of the spinal trigeminal tract responsible for autonomic connections

Pars oralis | Pars interpolaris

The pars caudalis receives afferents from these cranial nerves

VII, IX, X

This area of the pars caudalis contains excitatory and inhibatory interneurons and receives raphe spinal tract fibers

Substantia gelatinosa

Ascending projections from the trigeminal spinal nucleus are these type of projections to the VPM

Contralateral

The bilateral projections to the VPM come from here

Main trigeminal sensory nucleus

Brief eposides of excruciating pain in distribution of one or more division of the trigeminal nerve

Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is most common in this division

Mandibular

Branches of this artery are most frequently involved in cases of trigeminal neuralgia

Superior cerebellar artery

The mesencephalic nucleus projects to this area in jaw jerk reactions

Trigeminal notor nucleus

The mesencephalic nucleus terminates here in chewing movements

Supratrigeminal nucleus

The trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus senses these things

Spindles in MOM | Mechanoreceptors in gingiva, teeth and hard palate

The Mesencepahlic tract and nucleus is located in this level of the brainstem

Midpons

The cell bodies of the branchial motor nucleus is located here

Trigeminal motor nucleus

Where does the branchial motor nucleus terminate?

MOM

The supratrigeminal nucleus is aqctually part of this

Reticular formation

This is the pattern generator for masticatory rhythm

Supratrigeminal nucleus

If there is a lesion in the Branchial motor nucleus, what happens?

Jaw closure is weakened | Opening of jaw will deviate toward the side of the lesion

What does the trigeminal motor nucleus innervate?

Muscles of mastication | Tensor muscles

The afferent limb of the jaw jerk relex is innervated by this

Mesencephalic trigeminal neuron

The efferent limb of the jaw jerk reaction is innervated by this

Trigeminal motor nucleus

This is considered a seperate part o CN VII, and it comes off between CN VII and CNVIII.

Nervus intermedius

What is the function of nervus intermedius?

Carries taste information

The motor action of CN VII

Muscles of facial expression | Stapedius muscle

Sensory action of CNVII

Skin of outer ear | Palatine tonsil and posterior nasal cavity

CN VII is responsile for taste in these part o the tongue

Anterior 2/3

Somatic sensory action of CN VII comes from this area

Skin of outer ear

Where does the somatic sensory axon of CN VII go to in the brainstem?

Spinal trigeminal nucleus of the pons

What ganglion is used or both visceral and somatic sensory of CN VII?

Geniculate ganglion

The visceral sensory axon goes to this area of the pons

Solitary tract nucleus

Visceral sensory action of CN VII

Taste buds of anterior 2/3 of tongue

What ganglion is used by the visceral motor tract of CN VII

Submandibular and Pterygopalatine ganglia

The visceral sensory axon of CN VII goes to this in the pons

Superior salivatroy nucleus

What is the origin of the visceral motor tract

Salivary, nasal, palatine and lacrimal glands

The branchial motor tract of CN VII goes to this area of the pons

Facial motor nucleus

Wheredoes the branchial motor tract of CN VII originate?

Muscles of facial expression and stapedius

Motor neurons to the lower facial muscles are mainly innervated this way

Contralaterally

Type of unilateral facial paralysis due to CN VII dysfunction

Bell's palsy

This is a clinical test of CN V, VII and central connections. It is part of brain death protocol

Corneal blink reflex

Flavor is due to this

Direct stimulation of taste buds

This is the chemoreceptive part of the brain

Nucleus of the solitary tract

Second order fibers of the taste pathways do these two things

Relex activities | Project uncrossed to VPM then to gustatory cortex

The nucleus of this tract is the principal sensory nucleus of the brainstem

Sloitary tract