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PHARMACOLOGY > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

autonomic ns

A

innervates sm and cardiac muscle

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2
Q

somatic ns

A

innervates sk

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3
Q

sympathetic response

A

fight or flight

  • increase heart rate/force of contraction
  • increase bp: constriction of bv + release of renin
  • bronchodilation
  • increase blood glucose
  • sweat release
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4
Q

parasympathetic response

A

local effect - rest/digest

  • decrease heart rate/force of contraction
  • decerease bp
  • increase movements of GI/urinary sm
  • increased secretion of lacrimal, salivary, mucous glands
  • bronchoconstriction
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5
Q

synpase

A

gap between 2 successive neurons / neuron and target organ

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6
Q

dales principle

A

each neuron releases a single NT at all its synpase

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7
Q

cotransmission

A

multiple NT may be released by single neuron

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8
Q

differential release of NT from same neuron =

A

allows for POSTSYNAPTIC Modulation

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9
Q

how is postganglionic release regulated

A

presynaptic modulation

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10
Q

homotropic regulation

A

NT acts on neuron from which it was released

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11
Q

heterotropic regulation

A

NT acts on a different neuron

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12
Q

autoreceptor

A

presynaptic receptor binds to NT released by same cell = negative feedback

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13
Q

neurotransmission

A

nerve impulses (AP) travel down to ganglion = Ca enters neuron
increased Ca promotes exocytosis of vesicles with NT = release into synapse
bind to R
NT is inactivated/removed

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14
Q

cholinergic neurotransmission

A

acetyl group from acetyl CoA + choline
= choline acetlytransferase

breakdown by AChE: hydrolyzes NT > acetic acid + choline

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15
Q

synthesis of NE

A

formed from tyrosine

  1. tyrosin -> DOPA (tyrosine hyroxylase)
  2. DOPA -> Dopamine (dopamine decarboxlyase)
  3. Dopamine -> NE (dopamine B-hydroxylase)
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16
Q

uptake of NE

A

uptake 1: pumped back into postsynaptic cell = monamine oxidase (MAO) // repackaged into vesicles

uptake 2: pumped back into target cell and inactivated by catechol-O-methyl transferase

17
Q

cholinergic receptors

A

nicotinic - ganglionic junction

muscarinic - target organs

18
Q

m2

A

relaxation of cardiac muscle

19
Q

adrenergic receptors

A

a1 + a2 - contraction of

  • vascular endothelial cells
  • cardiac muscle
  • uterine sm
  • relaxation of GI

B1 - cardiac muscle contraction

B2 - relaxation of bronchiolar sm

20
Q

adrenergic and muscarinic receptors

A

activate G-protein coupled signal GPCRs

21
Q

m3

A

increased motility of GI sm

constriction of bronchiolar sm

22
Q

how can cells that contain the same receptors give different responses to ligand binding

A

differences in downstream signaling

muscle contraction = Ca entry/release

muscle relaxation = opening of inward rectifying K channel/phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain by PKA

23
Q

a2 receptors

A

= autoreceptors = decrease bp

PHARMACOLOGY (24 decks)

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