PNH midterm exam - Erikson's theory/ psycosocial

Question 1

Psychosocial development

Answer 1

Personality development based on ego outcomes of maturation.
The psychosocial model covered the whole lifespan
(expansion on Freud’s theory)
Development occurs in Eight stages: individuals go through conflict at each
stage (ego) and if develops a successful resolution to this conflict (maturation),
can progress to the next stage of life.

Question 2

8 stages

Answer 2

Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
(Infant – birth to 1 year)

Stage 2: Autonomy vs Sense of Shame/Doubt
(Toddler – 1 to 3 years)

Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
(Preschool - 3 to 6 years)

Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
(Middle childhood – 6 to 11 years)

Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
(adolescence – 12 to 18 years)

Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
(Young adult – 18 to 35 years)

Stage 7: Generativity vs Self-Absorption/Stagnation
(Middle adult – 35 to 65 years)

Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
(Older adult – 65 years +)

Question 3

Meaning of the 8 stages

Answer 3

Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust
- Learns to trust others, safe environment
Stage 2: Autonomy vs Sense of Shame/Doubt
- Learns independence and develops self-confidence
Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt
- seeks challenges
Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority
- Competency development (ex. extracurricular activities)
Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion
- Sense of identity
Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation
- Forming close relationships (life long friends, marriage)
Stage 7: Generativity vs Self-Absorption/Stagnation
- Helping (volunteering in the community)
Stage 8: Integrity vs Despair
- Life reflection

Question 4

Initiative vs. guilt (3-6 years)
preschool

Answer 4

Learns to initiate their own activities; begin to assert their power and control over the world
Use fantasy/ imagination to explore their world though play
Guilt comes from conflict of not being able to accomplish

Question 5

Industry vs Inferiority (middle childhood; 6-11 years)
School age

Answer 5

Develops competency in physical, cognitive and social areas
Encourage participation in sports, extracurricular activities
Development in ADL
Concern for personal cleanliness and appearance
Expresses need for privacy