PNF Flashcards
PNF utilizes …
proprioceptive receptors to improve neuromuscular function
How is neuromuscular function enhanced
the original goal of PNF
through the use of resistance and stretching
develop a goal that was effective for individuals with neurological dysfunction
Purpose of hold relax technique
to release tight muscles that are limiting range of motion
With hold-relax with antagonist contraction, the tight muscle contracts at the point of tightness, relaxes, and then the
antagonist immediately contracts to move the limb actively into a more lengthened range
Purpose of contract relax technique
to release tight muscles that are limiting range of motion
For contract-relax, the tight muscle is brought to the limit of its range, it contracts, then relaxes and the therapist passively moves the muscle into more length; hold and contract again
Purpose of rhythmic stabilization technique
what does it use?
example?
promotes stability of a body part in a specific range
uses continuous alternating demands in isometric contractions and co-contractions
resistance may be applied simultaneously to the anterior left shoulder and the posterior right shoulder for a few seconds
Purpose of alternating isometrics technique
it is most often used for
example
to provide stability at a specific point in the range of
motion
trunk and proximal stability
Resistance on anterior side of trunk and hips in side-lying and then on posterior side
Purpose of dynamic reversals technique
how is it done
to increase range of motion, strength, and coordination
same idea as the reversal of patterns, but allow only a small range around the range needed for stability
What is transitional mobility in regards to motor skills
example?
the ability to move from one posture to another, as base of support changes
supine to sit
What is stability in regards to motor skills
example?
the ability to maintain postural stability and orientation with the center of mass over the base of support with the body not in motion
holding an antigravity position
Overall goals of PNF (3)
promote movement
facilitate stability
gain ROM and flexibility
What is dynamic postural control in regards to motor skills
example?
the ability to maintain postural control and orientation with center of mass over base of support while parts of body are in motion
weight lifting
What is skill in regards to motor skills?
example
the ability to consistently perform coordinated movement sequences for the purposes of interaction with physical environment; mass is moving, base of support is changing
upright locomotion
Diagonal patterns say that …
movement is seldom accomplished in straight planes of motion, it is a combination of trunk and extremity
___ ___ can be influenced by stimulation of cutaneous receptors, meaning that …
motor output, appropriate use of manual contacts will influence the level and pattern of muscle contraction
isotonic vs isometric
what exercise incorporates both?
tonic: changes in muscle length occur at a constant load (lifting dumbell)
metric: muscle generates force but length remains the same (holding dumbell)
pushups
Visual input increases _____ _____ so the patient should …
motoneuron excitability, look at the limb during exercise
concentric vs eccentric
con: muscle shortening to move load (biceps lifting a dumbell up)
ecc: muscle lengthens to move load down (lowering dumbell)
The therapist must know if the patients functional problem is dynamic or static what is the difference?
static: inability to maintain a position
dynamic: loss of ability to move or control movements
Reasons for functional loss? (5)
pain, weakness, loss of sensation, loss of range, motor control issues
What is irradiation?
a muscle working hard will recruit synergistic muscles, weaker muscles will gain from stronger muscle’s while working in a pattern (more tension, more spread of stimulation)
Is PNF concerned with specific muscle contractions or mass movements?
mass movements
