Pneumonia Flashcards
Clinical conditions with MRSA (Harrison pp 803)
- Hospiitalization ≥ 48 hours
- Hospitalization ≥2 days in prior 3 months
- Nursing homes
- Chronic dialysis
- Home infusion therapy
- Home wound care
- Family members with MDR
Clinical conditions with pseudomonas aeruginosa and MDR enterobacteriacea (Harrison pp 803)
- Hospitalization ≥ 48 hours
- Hospitalization ≥2 hours in preceding 3 months
- Nursing homes
- Antibiotics therapy in preceding 3 months
Proliferation of microbial pathogens at alveolar level and the host response to pathogen (Harrison pp 804)
Pneumonia
Most common etiology of pneumonia (Harrison pp 804)
aspiration from the oropharynx
Mechanical factors involved in pnuemonia (Harrison pp 804)
Gag reflex and cough mechanism
Initiate the inflammatory response (Harrison pp 804)
Macrophage
Inflammatory mediators for fever (Harrison pp 804)
Interlukin 1 and TNF
Stimulate release of neutrophils that increases purulent secretions (Harrison pp 804)
Interlukin 8 and granulocyte colony-stimulating
Pathologic phases of pneumonia (Harrison pp 804)
Edema
Red hepatization phase
Gray hepatization phase
Resolution
Most common in nosocomial pneumonia pattern (Harrison pp 804)
Bronchopneumonia pattern
Alveolar pattern (Harrison pp 804)
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Most common etiologic agent with CAP (Harrison pp 804)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Atypical bacteria (Harrison pp 804)
L egionella species
C hlamydia pneumoniae
M ycoplasma pneumoniae
Common etiology for CAP Outpatient (Harrison pp 804)
Streptococcus pneumoniae Chlamydia pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumoniae Haemophillus influenzae Respiratory viruses
Common etiology for CAP Non-ICU (Harrison pp 804)
Streptoccus pneumoniae Mycoplasma pnuemoniae Chlamydia pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory viruses Legionella spp.
Common etiology for CAP-ICU (Harrison pp 804)
Streptoccus pneumoniae Staphyloccos aureus Legionella sp Gram negative Haemophilus influenzae
Staphylococcus pneumoniae common etiology for CAP Non-ICU (Harrison pp 805)
Necrotizing pneumonia
Alcoholism (Harrison pp 805)
S treptoccus pneumoniae O ral anaerobes K lebsiella pneumoniae A cinetobacter spp M ycobacterium tuberculosis
COPD/Smoking (Harrison pp 805)
Haemophilus influenza Pseudomonas aeruginosa Legionella spp Moraxella catarrhalis Chlamydia penumonias
Dementia, stroke, decrease level of consciousness (Harrison pp 805)
GO
Gram negative
Oral anaerobes
Lung abscess (Harrison pp 805)
CAP-MRSA Oral anaerobes Endemic fungi Mycoplasma tuberculosis Atypical mycobacterium
Exposure to birds (Harrison pp 805)
Chlamydia psitacci
Exposure to rabbits (Harrison pp 805)
Francisella tularensii
Exposure to sheep, goats, parturients cats (Harrison pp 805)
Coxiella burnetii