Asthma Flashcards
Most common chronic disease (Harrison pp 1669)
Asthma
Asthma occurs 2x more in males than female during childhood. (Harrison pp 1669) True or False
True
What are the major risk factors for asthma deaths? (Harrison pp 1669)
Frequent use of bronchodilators
Lack of or poor compliance with ICS therapy
Previous admission to hospital with near fatal asthma
Major risk factor for asthma (Harrison pp 1669)
Atopy
What are the endogenous factors that triggers asthma? (Harrison pp 1670)
Genetic predisposition Atopy Airway hyperresponsiveness Gender Ethnicity Obesity Early viral infections
What are the environmental factors that triggers asthma? (Harrison pp 1670)
Indoor allergens Outdoor allergens Occupational sensitizers Passive smoking Respiratory infections Diet Acetaminophen (paracetamol)
What are the common triggers of asthma? (Harrison pp 1670)
Allergens Upper respiratory tract viral infections Exercise and hyperventilation Cold air Sulfur dioxide and irritant gases Drugs (beta blockers and aspirin) Stress Irritants
Most common allergen of asthma in inner cities (Harrison pp 1670)
Cockroaches
Most common allergen of asthma in laboratory workers (Harrison pp 1670)
Rodents
What are the interlukins commonly associated with atopy? (Harrison pp 1670)
IL-3, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13
What chromosomes are involved in atopy? (Harrison pp 1670)
Chromosome 5q
It is a hypothesis proposes that the lack of infections in early childhood preserves the TH2 cell bias at birth. (Harrison pp 1670)
Hygiene Hypothesis
Diets that are associated with increase risk of asthma (Harrison pp 1670)
Low in Vitamin C, A, Mg, Selenium and Omega 3
High in Sodium and Omega 6
It is an independent risk factor for asthma (Harrison pp 1670)
Obesity (> 30 kg/m^2)
It occurs late onset, concomitant nasal polyp and may be aspirin sensitive. (Harrison pp 1671)
Intrinsic Asthma or Nonatopic asthma
Most common allergens that trigger asthma (Harrison pp 1671)
Dermatophagoides species
Upper respiratory viruses that commonly triggers acute severe exacerbations (Harrison pp 1671)
Rhinovirus
Respiratory syncytial viruses
Corona Virus
It typically begins after exercise has ended and resolves spontaneously within about 30 mins. It is worse in cold, dry climates than in hot and humid conditions. (Harrison pp 1671)
Exercise induced asthma (EIA)