Pneumonia Flashcards
Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia
- type of pneumonia
- complication
- colonization rate
Streptococcus penumoniae
- lobar pneumonia
- often associated with bacteremia
- 5-10% of adults have pharyngeal colonization
Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia
- Hospital acquired pneumonia
- necrotizing pneumonia with cavitation
haemophilus influenzae pneumonia
- Most isolates are non-typeable
- bronchopneumonia
- COPD is a major risk factor (moraxella catarrhalis also exacerbates COPD)
Legionella pneumophila pneumonia
- transmission
- risk factors
- other disease
- Exposure to aerosolized particles - construction sites, hot tub, cooling systems
- Usually have underlying disease - smokers, COPD, diabetes, hepatic or renal disease, HL neoplasm, immunodeficient
-
Legionnaire disease:
- fever
- mental status changes
- hyponatremia
- Pontiac fever: flulike illness without pneumonia
Community acquired pneumonia in patients with underlying bronchiectasis, CF, and malignancy
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- serratia marcescens
- acinetobacter baumannii
The above can also cause ventilator associated pneumonia
Viral pneumonia major pathogens
- RSV
- influenza
- parainfluenza
- rhinovirus
- adenovirus
- hantavirus
- metapneumovirus
- SARS associated coronavirus
- coronavirus NL63
- coronavirus HKU1
- bocavirus
- HPV KI and WU
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
- geographic distribution
- virus type
- vector
- disease
- lab findings
- 4 corners region of New Mexico
- Sin Nombre virus
- Deer mouse sheds virus in urine and feces
- Flulike prodrome followed by ARDS
- Peripheral blood:
- thrombocytopenia
- neutrophilia without toxic granulation
- erythrocytosis
- immunoblastic lymphocytosis
Most common cause of croup
Parainfluenza
Most common cause of bronchiolitis in children
RSV
Second most common cause of bronchiolitis in children
human metapneumovirus
COPD associated with what agents
- H. influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Legionella pneumophilia
Alcoholism associated with what agents
- S pneumoniae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- anaerobes
- Gram negative aerobic bacilli
Neutropenia pneumonia associated with what agents
Aerobic gram negative bacilli
Pneumonia agents as a result of exposure to:
- Cattle, cats
- Birds
- Birds or bats droppings
- mouse urine and feces
- rabbits
- coxiella burnetti
- chlamydophila psittaci and cryptococcus neoformans
- histoplasma capsulatum
- hantavirus
- francisella tularensis
Agents of pneumonia in CF patients
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- burkholderia cepacia
- staphylococcus aureus
Pneumonia associated with sandstorm exposure
Coccidioides immitis/posadasii
AIDS associated pneumonia agents
Pneumocystis jiroveci
cryptococcus neoformans
Ventilator associated pneumonia agents
- S aureus
- S pneumoniae
- P aeruginosa
- K pneumoniae
- Serratia species
- Enterobacter species
- E coli
- fungi
- Acinetobacter baumanii
Walking pneumonia (atypical pneumonia)
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydia pneumonia
Lobar pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
H. influenzae
Necrotizing pneumonia
S aureus
P aeruginosa
Aspiration pneumonia
S pneumoniae
S aureus
H influenzae
Enterobacteriaceae
P aeruginosa
Hanta virus
- symptoms
- labs
- flulike prodrome
- respiratory problems
- thrombocytopenia
- increased immunoblastic lymphocytes in peripheral blood
