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Compendium Microbiology > Pneumonia > Flashcards

Pneumonia Flashcards

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1
Q

Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia

  • type of pneumonia
  • complication
  • colonization rate
A

Streptococcus penumoniae

  • lobar pneumonia
  • often associated with bacteremia
  • 5-10% of adults have pharyngeal colonization
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2
Q

Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia

A
  • Hospital acquired pneumonia
  • necrotizing pneumonia with cavitation
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3
Q

haemophilus influenzae pneumonia

A
  • Most isolates are non-typeable
  • bronchopneumonia
  • COPD is a major risk factor (moraxella catarrhalis also exacerbates COPD)
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4
Q

Legionella pneumophila pneumonia

  • transmission
  • risk factors
  • other disease
A
  • Exposure to aerosolized particles - construction sites, hot tub, cooling systems
  • Usually have underlying disease - smokers, COPD, diabetes, hepatic or renal disease, HL neoplasm, immunodeficient
  • Legionnaire disease:
    • fever
    • mental status changes
    • hyponatremia
  • Pontiac fever: flulike illness without pneumonia
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5
Q

Community acquired pneumonia in patients with underlying bronchiectasis, CF, and malignancy

A
  • pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • serratia marcescens
  • acinetobacter baumannii

The above can also cause ventilator associated pneumonia

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6
Q

Viral pneumonia major pathogens

A
  • RSV
  • influenza
  • parainfluenza
  • rhinovirus
  • adenovirus
  • hantavirus
  • metapneumovirus
  • SARS associated coronavirus
  • coronavirus NL63
  • coronavirus HKU1
  • bocavirus
  • HPV KI and WU
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7
Q

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)

  • geographic distribution
  • virus type
  • vector
  • disease
  • lab findings
A
  • 4 corners region of New Mexico
  • Sin Nombre virus
  • Deer mouse sheds virus in urine and feces
  • Flulike prodrome followed by ARDS
  • Peripheral blood:
    • thrombocytopenia
    • neutrophilia without toxic granulation
    • erythrocytosis
    • immunoblastic lymphocytosis
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8
Q

Most common cause of croup

A

Parainfluenza

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9
Q

Most common cause of bronchiolitis in children

A

RSV

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10
Q

Second most common cause of bronchiolitis in children

A

human metapneumovirus

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11
Q

COPD associated with what agents

A
  1. H. influenzae
  2. Moraxella catarrhalis
  3. Legionella pneumophilia
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12
Q

Alcoholism associated with what agents

A
  1. S pneumoniae
  2. Klebsiella pneumoniae
  3. anaerobes
  4. Gram negative aerobic bacilli
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13
Q

Neutropenia pneumonia associated with what agents

A

Aerobic gram negative bacilli

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14
Q

Pneumonia agents as a result of exposure to:

  1. Cattle, cats
  2. Birds
  3. Birds or bats droppings
  4. mouse urine and feces
  5. rabbits
A
  1. coxiella burnetti
  2. chlamydophila psittaci and cryptococcus neoformans
  3. histoplasma capsulatum
  4. hantavirus
  5. francisella tularensis
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15
Q

Agents of pneumonia in CF patients

A
  1. pseudomonas aeruginosa
  2. burkholderia cepacia
  3. staphylococcus aureus
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16
Q

Pneumonia associated with sandstorm exposure

A

Coccidioides immitis/posadasii

17
Q

AIDS associated pneumonia agents

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

cryptococcus neoformans

18
Q

Ventilator associated pneumonia agents

A
  1. S aureus
  2. S pneumoniae
  3. P aeruginosa
  4. K pneumoniae
  5. Serratia species
  6. Enterobacter species
  7. E coli
  8. fungi
  9. Acinetobacter baumanii
19
Q

Walking pneumonia (atypical pneumonia)

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Chlamydia pneumonia

20
Q

Lobar pneumonia

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

21
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A

H. influenzae

22
Q

Necrotizing pneumonia

A

S aureus

P aeruginosa

23
Q

Aspiration pneumonia

A

S pneumoniae

S aureus

H influenzae

Enterobacteriaceae

P aeruginosa

24
Q

Hanta virus

  • symptoms
  • labs
A
  • flulike prodrome
  • respiratory problems
  • thrombocytopenia
  • increased immunoblastic lymphocytes in peripheral blood

Compendium Microbiology (15 decks)

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