Pneumonia

Question 1

What is the causative agent of lobar pneumonia commonly associated with right lower lobe consolidation?

Answer 1

Strep pneumoniae

Lobar pneumonia is characterized by consolidation and dullness to percussion.

Question 2

What type of pneumonia is associated with Mycoplasma in immunocompetent patients?

Answer 2

Bilateral interstitial pneumonia (atypical pneumonia)

This is often referenced in USMLE questions.

Question 3

In a scenario where lobar pneumonia is described with ‘interstitial markings’ and Strep pneumoniae is not listed, what is the likely causative agent?

Answer 3

Mycoplasma

The term ‘interstitial’ suggests Mycoplasma over location.

Question 4

What pneumonia is indicated by bilateral interstitial or ‘ground-glass’ opacity in an AIDS patient?

Answer 4

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)

PJP is a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients.

Question 5

What is the causative agent of lobar pneumonia in an AIDS patient?

Answer 5

Strep pneumoniae

Unlike PJP, Strep pneumoniae can cause lobar pneumonia in these patients.

Question 6

Which bacteria is specifically associated with bacterial pneumonia following influenza infection?

Answer 6

S. aureus

This pathogen often complicates influenza infections.

Question 7

What pneumonia is indicated by bilateral pneumonia accompanied by low hemoglobin or a positive Coombs test?

Answer 7

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma can cause cold agglutinins, leading to hemolysis.

Question 8

Which pathogen is associated with pneumonia, hyponatremia, and/or diarrhea?

Answer 8

Legionella

Legionella can present with these symptoms in pneumonia cases.

Question 9

What type of pneumonia is suggested by a history of attending a business conference or residing in a home with air conditioners?

Answer 9

Legionella

These environments can be sources of Legionella outbreaks.

Question 10

What is a common cause of pneumonia in a 3-week-old neonate who had conjunctivitis 1-2 weeks ago?

Answer 10

Chlamydia trachomatis

This bacterium is transmitted through the nasolacrimal duct to the lungs.

Question 11

What is the typical cause of pneumonia in newborns during the first few days of life?

Answer 11

Group B Strep (Streptococcus agalactiae)

This bacterium is classified as gram (+) cocci. If they say gram (+) rods, that’s instead
Listeria. If they say gram (-) rods, that’s E. coli.

Question 12

Which bacterium is associated with pneumonia in individuals who handle rabbits?

Answer 12

Francisella

This bacterium can cause pneumonia in specific occupational exposures.

Question 13

Which bacterium is associated with pneumonia in bird keepers?

Answer 13

Chlamydia psittaci

This is linked to exposure to infected birds.