Pneumonia Flashcards
What is pneumonia and when can it occur?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. the small alveolar sacs fill up with pus and fluid. It occurs in every season thought mostly winter and spring.
What are the main symptoms of pneumonia?
- Breathing with grunting and wheezing
- Chest pain
- Cough
- Dark lips
- Fatigue (kid less active)
- Fever and chills
- Loss of appetite or poor feeding in babies
- Pale complexion
- Phlegm
- Rapid and laboured breathing
- Stomach pain
- Vomiting
Compare bronchitis to pneumonia, main differences?
Bronchitis has less severe shortness of breath. Does not have rapid breathing.
What organs are involved in pneumonia?
Primarily Lungs but can also affect the Liver, Spleen, Heart, Bladder and Large Intestine.
When a newborn has pneumonia what are some S/S? If it is serious what will you see?
- They will not drink milk
- Will have a yellowish complexion
- Slow reaction times
Severe:
* Dark lips
* Difficult breathing
* Fast breathing
* High fever
* Irritability
* Phlegm
* Wheezing
How can pneumonia be diagnosed with Western medicine?
- Scattered crackles sound on stehoscope
- X-ray: The presence of an infiltrate on plain chest radiograph is considered the gold standard for diagnosing pneumonia when clinical and microbiologic features are supportive.
- Blood test
Syndrome Differentiation chart for pneumonia? (What pathogens and symptoms, what is the progression)
What are the six main patterns for pneumonia?
- Wind Cold Obstructing Lungs
- Wind Heat Obstructing Lungs
- Phlegm and Heat Obstructing Lungs
- Heat Toxins Obstructing Lungs
- Yin Deficiency and Lung Heat Syndrome
- Lung Spleen Qi Deficiency
What are two less common, late stage, very severe patterns?
- Heart Yang Collapse
- Invasion into Jue Yin
Wind Cold Pneumonia S/S, TX, Formula, Main herbs?
S/S: Cough, ithcy throat, wheezing, white clear phlegm, fever, aversion to cold, no sweat, stuffy nose, strong respiration, Tongue: pale and red with thin coat or greasy and white if more phlegm Pulse: superficial and tight, Finger: superficial red
TX: Disperse wind and cold, Expel phlegm, Regulate Lung, Release exterior, Stop cough
Formula: Hua Gai San
Main herbs: Ma Huang (Release ext W-C), Zi Su Zi (Perilla seed; Transform phlegm, Stop cough) Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark; Transform phlegm, Stop cough), Xing Ren (Apricot kernel; Transform phlegm, Stop cough)
Wind Heat pneumonia, S/S, TX, Formula, Main herbs
S/S: Cough strong and uncomfortable, phlegm (yellow, sticky, thick and a lot, not easy to expectorate), thirst, throat pain, aversion to wind, sweating, headache, Tongue: red, thin, with yellow coat, Pulse: superficial and rapid, or slippery and rapid, Finger: superficial purple
Acute: high fever, irritability, dry stool, scanty urine
TX: Release wind, Dissipate heat, Regulate Lungs, Stop cough
Formula: Yin Qiao San + Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
Main Herbs: Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Niu Bang Zi, Bo He, Jie Geng, Jing Jie, Dan Zhu Ye, Dan Dou Chi, Lu Gen + Ma Huang, Xing Ren, Shi Gao, Gan Cao
Phlegm Heat Obstructing Lungs pneumonia: S/S, TX, Formula
S/S: cough, phlegm (yellow, thick, hard to expectorate, lots of it), wheezing, fever or hot sensation, thirst, irritability, scanty urine, dry stool, strong breathing, Tongue: greasy coating, Pulse: slippery and rapid, Finger: purple
TX: Clear Lungs, Dispel phlegm, Regulate Lungs, Stop wheezing
Formula: Wu Hu Tang (Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang plus Sheng Jiang) + Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang plus Sheng Jiang
- Ma Huang
- Xing Ren
- Shi Gao
- Gan Cao
- Sheng Jiang
Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang:
- Ting Li (Lepidium seed, Transform phlegm, Stop cough) - - Da Zao (Chinese Date, Tonify Qi)
Heat Toxins Obstructing the Lungs pneumonia; S/S, TX, Formulas
S/S: Constant fever, cough (strong and frequent), strong and rapid breathing, wheezing, no mucus, dry nose, red face, irritability, thirst, constipation, Tongue: red and dry, thick yellow coat, Pulse; slippery and rapid, Finger: deep purple
TX: Clear heat, Eliminate toxins, Clear and regulate lungs
Formula: San Ao Tang + Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
San Ao Tang ingredients
- Ma Huang
- Xing Ren
- Gan Cao
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang ingredients (Coptis Decoction to Relieve Toxicity)
- Huang Lian (Coptis rhizome; Herbs that clear heat and dry damp)
- Huang Qin (Scute, Skullcap root; Herbs that clear heat and drain dampness)
- Huang Bai (Phellodendron bark; Herbs that clean heat and dry damp
- Zhi Zi (Gardenia pod; Herbs that clear heat in Qi stage)
Actions and Patterns for Huang Lian Jie Du Tang?
Actions: Treats heavy heat signs
* Clear heat
* Drain fire
* Purge damp-heat
* Purge GB
* Relieve inflammation
* Relieve toxicity from all three Jiaos
* Stop bleeding
Patterns:
1. Obstruction of Three Jiaos by Fire Toxin which pervades both Ext. and Int.
2. Gu Syndrome (parasitic, viral overload)
3. Lung Heat
Yin Xu and Heat in Lungs pneumonia, S/S, TX, Formula, Main herbs
S/S: chronic, low fever, night sweats, dry cough without phlegm, red face, Tongue: red and dry, no coat, Pulse: thready and rapid
TX: Nourish Yin, Moisten lungs, Clear heat
Formula: Sha Shen Mai Dong Tang
Main herbs: Sha Shen (Glehnia root; Tonify yin), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon tuber; Tonify Yin); Yu Zhu (Polygonata, Solomon Seal; Tonify Yin)
Lung and Spleen Qi Xu pneumonia: S/S, TX, Formula, Main herbs
S/S: low fever, pale complexion, sweating when moving, weak cough, sticky stool, fatigue, Tongue: pale with white coat, Pulse: thready and forceless
TX: Invigorate Spleen, Tonify Lung, Nourish Qi, Transform damp
Formula: Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang
Main herbs: Ren Shen (Ginseng; tonify Qi), Wu Wei Zi (Shisandra; Stabilize and bind); Fu Ling (Poria; Drain damp), Bai Zhu (White Atractylodes; Tonify Qi)
Heart Yang Collapse pneumonia S/S, TX, Formula
S/S: cough, SOB, lack of warmth in limbs, cold hands and feet, heavy sweating, vacuity vexation, somber white face, cyanotic lips, purple dark tongue, pulse: faint, weak, rapid
TX: Rescue yang, Restore Consciousness, Stop sweating
Formula: Shen Fu Long Mu Jiu Ni Tang
Main herbs:
Ren Shen (Ginseng) - Tonify Qi
Fu Zi (Aconite) - Warm and boost yang
Long Gu (fossilized bone) - Anchor yang
Mu Li (Oyster shell) - Astringe and anchor yang
Bai Shao (White peony root) - Tonify blood
Gan Cao
Invasion of Jue Yin Pericardium pneumonia: S/S, TX, Formula, Main herbs
S/S: high fever, vexation, agitation, dim spirit, delirious, spasms, tremors, teeth clench, eyes upward, opisthotonos, tongue: red scarlet with dry yellow coat, pulse: wiry and rapid
TX: Clear heart, Open orifice, Extinguish internal wind, Clear liver
Formula: Zhi Xue Dan (Rhinocerus and Antelope Horn formula; Purple Snow Pill)
Main herbs:
Shi Gao (Gypsum) - Clear heat in Qi stage
Hua Shi (Talcum) - Drain damp
Xi Jiao (Rhinocerus horn) - Clear heat, cool blood
Ling Yang JIao (Antelope horn) - Extinguish wind, stop tremor
Important acupuncture points for pneumonia
- LU11
- LI11
- BL13
- LI4
- LU5
- LU6
- LU7
- ST40
- ST36
- SP10
- DU20
- RN4
Shao Shang (Lesser Shang) LU11 hats and functions
- Jing Well
- Wood point
- Reducing
- Ghost point
Functions:
1. Revive consciousness
2. Open and free throat
3. Cool lungs
Good for sore throat from wind cold.
Qu Chi (Pool at Bend) LI11 hats and functions
- He Sea
- Earth
- Tonifying, Mother
- Ghost point
Functions:
1. Release ext, dispel wind
2. Cool pathogenic heat
3. Open joints
4. Resolve damp
5. Regulate blood
Fei Shu (Lung Shu) BL13
- Tonifying
- Back Shu of Lung
Functions:
1. Regulate Lung Qi
2. Reduce fever
3. Tonify Lung
He Gu (Junction Valley) LI4
- Yuan source
- Command of Face and Mouth
Functions:
1. Disperse wind, release ext, stop sweating
2. Free channels and vessels
3. Relieve pain, calm spirit
4. Clear Lung heat
Chi Ze (Cubit Marsh) LU5
- He Sea
- Water
- Son, Reducing
Functions:
1. Clear heat in Lung
2. Transform phlegm in lung
3. Suppress Rebellious Qi and descend
4. Discharge/drain lung fire (TB, pneumonia, bronchitis)
5. Course sinews and vessels
Kong Zui (Collection Hole) LU6
- Xi Cleft
Functions:
1. Regulate and suppress Rebellious Qi
2. Cool heat and stop bleeding
Liè Quē (Broken Sequence) LU7
- Luo Connecting
- Command for Head and Neck
- Confluent of Conception Vessel
- Exit point
- Heavenly Star
Functions:
1. Release ext, Expel wind
2. Restore descending functino of Lung
3. Transform phlegm
4. Regulate water passages
5. Open and regulate Conception vessel
6. Benefit head and neck
Fēng Lóng (Abundant Bulge) ST40
- Luo Connecting of Stomach
Functions:
1. Transform phlegm and dampness
2. Benefit chest
3. Clear phlegm from Lung, alleviate cough and wheezing
4. Clear phlegm from Heart, calm spirit
Zú Sān Lî (Leg Three Mile) ST36
- He Sea
- Earth, Tonifying
- Command point of Abdomen
- Heavenly Star
- Sea of Water and Grain
- Lower He Sea
Functions:
1. Benefit ST/SP (gastric pain, vomiting, diarrhea); restore direction of Qi
2. Harmonize intestines, disperse stagnation
3. Tonify Qi and blood
4. Dispel pathogens and prevent disease
5. Course wind and transform damp
Xuè Hãi (Sea of Blood) SP10
Functions:
1. Remove blood stasis
2. Cool heat
3. Regulate blood
4. Benefit skin
Bãi Huì (Hundred Meetings) DU20
- Sea of Marrow
- Meeting of DU with GB, BL, TE, LR
Functions:
1. Pacify wind, subdue Yang
2. Raise yang and counter prolapse
3. Benefit head and sense organs
4. Nourish sea of marrow
5. Benefit brain and calm spirit
Guān Yuán (Gate of Origin) RN4
- Front Mu Small Intestine
- Meeting of Ren with SP, LR, KI
Functions:
1. Fortify Yuan Qi and benefit essence
2. Tonify and nourish Kidneys
3. Warm and tonify Spleen
4. Benefit uterus, assist conception
5. Regulate LJ, benefit Bladder
6. Regulate SI Qi
7. Restore collapse
