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Pediatrics > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What is asthma?

A
  • Common recurrent respiratory disease
  • Condition in which the airways narrow, swell, may produce extra mucous
  • This can make breathing difficult, trigger coughing, wheezing and SOB
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2
Q

What are the main signs and smptoms of asthma?

A
  • Chest pain or tightness
  • Coughing or wheezing attacks
  • Shortness of breath
  • Trouble sleeping caused by SOB, cough or wheeze
  • Wheezing when exhaling
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3
Q

What are the three main types of asthma?

A
  1. Exercise induced asthma
  2. Occupational asthma
  3. Allergy induced asthma
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4
Q

Key points for exercise induced asthma?

A
  • May be worse when the air is cold and dry
  • Thin and weak constitution
  • Using qi so it can make the person even weaker
  • Exercising also moves your qi and disease mechanism is rebellious qi so this can trigger it
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5
Q

Key points for occupational asthma?

A
  • Triggered by workplace irritants such as chemical fumes, gases and dust
  • Immune reaction causes inflammation
  • Asbestos in the Hua Shi (talcum) from Johnson and Johnson
  • Carpets when not vacuumed often enough, kids on the floor
  • Cigarette smoke
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6
Q

Key points for allergy induced asthma?

A
  • Directly connected to Wei Qi
  • Often occurs during change of seasons
  • Pet dander
  • Pollens, molds
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7
Q

Organ location for asthma

A

Lung, Spleen, Kidneys

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8
Q

Recurrent asthma always involves depletion of _____ ______. What are five other categories of deficiency for recurrent asthma?

A

Lung Yin

  • Spleen Yang Damage
  • Lung and Spleen Qi Xu
  • Spleen and Kidney Yang Xu
  • Kidney Yin Yang Xu
  • Lung and Kidney Yin Xu
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9
Q

What are the syndrome differentiation patterns for acute asthma?

A
  1. Cold type
  2. Heat type
  3. Phlegm and Heat Obstructing Lungs
  4. Heat Toxins Obstructing Lungs
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10
Q

General treatment principle for asthma?

A
  • Regulate Lungs
  • Stop wheezing
  • Regulate wheezing
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11
Q

Symptoms for cold asthma, acute attack?

A
  • Aversion to cold
  • Body aches
  • Chills and fever with chills predominant
  • Cough, wheezing
  • Clear, thin, frothy phlegm
  • Clear nasal discharge
  • Cold body and limbs
  • Difficulty breathing while lying down
  • Floating edema
  • Lacrimation
  • No sweat
  • No thirst
  • Tongue light red or pink with white slippery coat
  • Pulse superficial and tight
  • Finger vessels red
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12
Q

Treatment principles for cold asthma?

A
  • Dissipate cold
  • Relieve wheezing
  • Transform phlegm
  • Warm the Lung
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13
Q

What are the formulas for Cold Asthma?

A

Xiao Qing Long Tang plus San Zi Yang Qin Tang

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14
Q

Xiao Qing Long Tang ingredients

A
  • Ma Huang (Ephedra)
  • Gui Zhi (Cinnamon)
  • Gan Jiang (Ginger)
  • Xi Xin (Chinese wild ginger)
  • Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra fruit)
  • Bai Shao (White peony root)
  • Ban Xia (Pinellia)
  • Gan Cao
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15
Q

Xiao Qing Long Tang formula actions

A
  • Release the exterior
  • Transform congested fluid (thin mucus)
  • Transform phlegm
  • Warm the Lung
  • Descend Qi
  • Relieve wheezing and cough
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16
Q

Other than acute cold stage asthma, what else can you use Xiao Qing Long Tang for?

A
  • Wind Cold Attacks the Lung (severe)
  • Exogenous Wind Cold
  • Invasion with Water Retention due to Spleen Xu
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17
Q

San Zi Yang Qin Tang (Three Seed Decoction to Nourish One’s Parents) ingredients?

A
  • Bai Jie Zi (White Mustard Seed)
  • Zi Su Zi (Perilla seed)
  • Lai Fu Zi (Radish seed)
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18
Q

What symptoms is San Zi Yang Qin Tang used for?

A
  • Anorexia
  • Chest distention
  • Copious sputum
  • Cough
  • Hiccup
  • Indigestion
  • SOB
  • Greasy white tongue coat
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19
Q

5 Extra Herbs for Cold Asthma

A
  1. Fang Feng (Sapashnikova) Expel W-C
  2. Fu Ling (Poria) Drain dampness
  3. Hou Po (Magnolia) Descend rebellious Qi, Reduce phlegm, Calm wheezing
  4. Qiang Huo (Notopterygii) Release ext, Dispel W-C-D
  5. Qin Jiao (Gentiana Macrophylla) Dispel W-D
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20
Q

Describe the symptoms of heat asthma.

A
  • Chest distress and distention
  • Constipation
  • Cough and wheeze
  • Dry mouth
  • Fever
  • Gurgling phlegm in throat
  • Pulse slippery rapid
  • Purple finger vessels
  • Red throat
  • Tongue red with yellow coating
  • Yellow sticky phlegm
  • Yellow urine
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21
Q

Treatment principles for Heat Asthma?

A
  1. Clear lung heat
  2. Resolve phlegm
  3. Relieve cough
  4. Regulate wheezing
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22
Q

Formulas for Heat Asthma?

A

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang plus Su Ting Wan

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23
Q

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang ingredients

A
  • Ma Huang (Ephedra)
  • Xing Ren (Apricot kernel)
  • Shi Gao (Gypsum)
  • Gan Cao
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24
Q

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang formula actions?

A
  • Disperse wind heat
  • Stop asthma
  • Clear lungs
  • Descend Qi
25
Q

What else is Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang used for?

A
  • Wind Heat attacks the Lung
  • Wind Cold turns to Wind Heat
  • Wen Bing, Qi Stage Lung Heat
26
Q

Su Ting Wan ingredients? What category?

A

Ting Li Zi (Lepidium seed, Wood Whitlow Grass)
Zi Su Zi (Perilla seed)

Herbs that Transform Phlegm and Stop Cough

27
Q

5 Extra herbs for Heat Asthma

A
  1. Bai Guo (Ginkgo nut) Astringe lung, Stop cough, Transform phlegm, Prevent Ma Huang from causing excessive dispersion
  2. Chuan Bei Mu (Fritillaria) Clear heat, Transform phlegm, Stop cough
  3. Gua Lou (Trichosanthes) Transform phlegm heat
  4. Huang Qin (Scutellaria) Clear lungs, Sedate heat
  5. Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry root bark) Clear heat, transform phlegm, stop cough
28
Q

Symptoms of Lung and Spleen Qi Deficiency Asthma?

A
  • Aversion to wind and cold
  • Cold limbs
  • Dull white or shiny white facial complexion
  • Easily catch cold
  • Intolerance to cold
  • Lack of strength
  • Low voice
  • Not wanting to speak
  • Pulse fine and forceless; or floating, deficient and soft
  • Shortness of breath
  • Spontaneous sweat
  • Tongue pale with thin white fur

Note: in children this will eventually affect Kidney as well

29
Q

Treatment principles for Lung and Spleen Qi Xu Asthma?

A
  • Boost Lung and secure Wei Qi
  • Tonify Spleen Qi
30
Q

Formulas for Lung and Spleen Qi Deficiency asthma

A

Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang + Yu Ping Feng San

31
Q

What does Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang include?

A
  • Wu Wei Zi (Shisandra)
  • Ren Shen (Ginseng)
  • Fu Ling (Poria)
  • Bai Zhu (White Atractylode)
  • Bai Bu (Stemona root; Transform phlegm stop couhg)
  • Ju Hong (Red tangerine peel; Transform phlegm-damp)
  • Gan Cao
32
Q

What are the formula actions for Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang?

A

According to slides, it nourishes the earth to generate metal and nourishes the Yin to clear heat.

According to American Dragon it Reinforces and strengthens Heart Qi.

I believe the formula referenced by Dr. Henry may be different and only include Ren Shen, Wu Wei Zi and one other.

33
Q

Ingredients for Yu Ping Feng San?

A
  • Huang Qi (Astragalus)
  • Bai Zhu (White Atractylodes)
  • Fang Feng (Sapashnikova, Wind Protector Root)
34
Q

Formula actions for Yu Ping Feng San?

A
  • Tonifies Qi
  • Stabilizes exterior
  • Stops sweat
35
Q

What patterns is Yu Ping Feng San used for?

A
  • Spontaneous sweating due to Qi Deficiency, Wei Qi or Lung Qi Deficiency
36
Q

5 extra herbs for LU and SP Qi Xu asthma

A
  1. Huang Jing (Polygonata rhizome) Tonify SP Qi, Nourish LU
  2. Shu Di Huang (cooked rehmannia) with Ren Shen for Qi deficiency, Nourish blood, Arrest cough and wheezing
    3.Tai Zi Shen (Pseudostellaria) Tonify Qi, Strengthen SP, Tonify Lung
  3. Ting Li Zi (Lepidium) Drain lung, Reduce phlegm, Calm wheezing
  4. Zi Wan (Purple Aster) Stop cough, Expel phlegm
37
Q

Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency signs and symptoms?

A
  • Asthma recurrent esp. after moving
  • Aversion to cold
  • Cold limbs
  • Cold in lower half of body
  • Cough with profuse phlegm
  • Diminished appetite
  • Emaciation
  • Facial complexion yellow, lustreless or pale
  • Fatigue
  • Full feeling in upper abdomen
  • Lower back pain
  • Pulse weak and thready; deep and thready; weak and slow
  • Shortness of breath
  • Tongue pale, may be swollen; coat thin white and moist
  • Urinary difficulty with edema or spasmodic pain
  • Urination excessive
  • Watery stool with undigested food
  • Weakness of lower extremities
  • WHEEZING very strong here
38
Q

Treatment principles for Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency?

A
  • Nourish the Spleen
  • Warm the Kidneys
  • Tonify the Grasping Qi Function of Kidney
39
Q

What herbal formula for Spleen Kidney Yang Xu?

A

Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan

40
Q

What are the ingredients of Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan? (Liu Wei Di Huang Wan plus three)

A
  • Shan Yao (Mountain Yam rhizome) Tonify Qi
  • Shan Zhu Yu (Cherry Fruit, Dogwood Fruit) Stabilize and bind
  • Shu Di Huang (Cooked Rehmannia) Tonify Blood
  • Fu Ling (Poria) Diuretic, drain dampness
  • Mu Dan Pi (Moutan cortex) Clear heat and cool blood
  • Ze Xie (Alisma plantain) Diuretic, drain dampness

plus
* Fu Zi (Prepared aconite)
* Gui Zhi (Cinnamon twig) Release the Exterior Warm Acrid
* Rou Gui (Cinnamon bark) Warm the interior, expel cold

41
Q

Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan formula actions?

A

Warm and tonifies Kidney Yang

42
Q

What TCM disorders is Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan applicable for?

A
  • Atrophy disorder (Wei Syndrome) from Liver and Kidney Xu
  • Jin Ye Stasis
  • Leg Qi (slackened Qi, damp Bi impediment)
  • Tan Yin (Congested Fluids, retention of unmetabolized water in certain regions)
  • Xiao Ke (diabetes)
43
Q

5 extra herbs for SP and KI Yang Xu

A
  1. Ba Ji Tian (Morinda root) Tonify KI Yang
  2. Bu Gu Zhi (Psoralea fruit) Tonify KI and SP Yang
  3. Du Zhong (Eucommia) Tonify KI and LR yang
  4. Lu Rong (Deer Velvelt) Tonify KI and LR yang
  5. Yin Yang Huo (Epimedium) Tonify KI, Warm and unblock Yang
44
Q

Lung and Kidney Yin Xu asthma signs and symptoms?

A
  • Chronic dry sore throat
  • Complexion thin
  • Cough recurrent
  • Dizziness
  • Dry skin
  • Five palm heat
  • Hearing diminished
  • Hot flashes
  • Light headed
  • Low back, knee, leg pain
  • Night sweats
  • Night urination
  • Pulse: thready and rapid
  • Tongue: red, no coating or little
  • Toothache
  • Weakness when coughing or wheezing
  • Wheezing is weak
  • Xiao Ke
45
Q

Treatment principles for Lung and Kidney Yin Xu?

A
  • Nourish yin
  • Clear heat
  • Tonify and invigorate KI and LU
46
Q

Formula for Lung and Kidney Yin Xu?

A

Mai Wei Di Huang Wan

47
Q

Mai Wei Di Huang Wan is what formula modified?

A

Liu Wei Di Huang Wan plus Mai Men Dong and Wu Wei Zi

48
Q

All ingredients for Mai Wei Di Huang Wan?

A
  • Shu Di Huang (cooked Rehmannia)
  • Shan Zhu Yu (Asiatic Cherry, Dogwood)
  • Shan Yao (Chinese Yam)
  • Mu Dan Pi (Tree Peony, Moutan bark)
  • Fu Ling (Poria)
  • Ze Xie (Alismata)
  • Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon tuber, Creeping Lily)
  • Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra)
49
Q

Formula actions for Mai Wei Di Huang Wan?

A
  • Enriches Yin
  • Astringes and nourishes the essence of Liver and Kidneys
50
Q

What TCM patterns is Mai Wei Di Huang Wan appropriate for?

A
  • Kidney Yin Xu
  • Kidney and Heart Yin Xu
  • Kidney and Liver Yin Xu
  • Kidney and Lung Yin Xu
51
Q

5 extra herbs for Lung and Kidney Yin Xu

A
  1. Bai He (Lily Bulb) Tonify LU and HT yin, Moisten LU, Clear heat
  2. Sha Shen (Glehnia) Tonify LU and ST yin
  3. Tian Men Dong (Asparagus tuber) Nourish KI Yin, Clear LU heat, Moisten LU
  4. Xi Yang Shen (American ginseng) Benefit Qi, Nourish Yin, Nourish LU ying
  5. Yu Zhu (Polygonata) Nourish yin, Moisten dryness
52
Q

Nine acupuncture points appropriate for asthma?

A
  1. Ding Chuan (Stop Wheezing)
  2. RN22
  3. RN17
  4. RN4
  5. BL23
  6. PC6
  7. ST40
  8. BL20
  9. ST36
53
Q

Calm Wheezing Ding Chuan

A
  • 0.5 cun lateral to DU14
  • Acute asthma attack
  • Good point for moxa
54
Q

Tian Tu (Celestial Chimney) RN22

A
  • Window of Heaven

In the center of the suprasternal fossa

  1. Spread Lung Qi
  2. Transform phlegm
  3. Benefit throat and voice
55
Q

Dàn Zhōng (Chest Center) RN17

A
  • Front Mu Pericardium
  • Influential point of Qi
  • Tonifying
  1. Regulate Qi, suppress rebellious Qi
  2. Tonify Heart and Lung
  3. Expand chest and relax diaphragm (coughing, expectorate phlegm)
  4. Open breast, promote lactation
56
Q

Guan Yuan (Gate of Qi) RN4

A
  • Front Mu of Small Intestine
  • Tonifying
  • Meeting of LR, SP, KI
  1. Tonify Yuan Qi and essence
  2. Reinforce Kidney (Yin, Yang, Qi, essence)
  3. Warm and regulate blood chamber
  4. Separate clear and turbid
  5. Dispel cold and damp
57
Q

Shèn Shū (Kidney Shu) BL23

A
  • Back Shu of KI
  • Tonifying
  1. Tonify KI (Yin, Yang, Qi, Essence)
  2. Strengthen lumbar
  3. Benefit ears and eyes
58
Q

Nei Guan (Inner Pass) PC6

A
  • Luo Connecting PC
  • Confluent of Yin Wei
  • Sedating
  • Command of Heart, Chest, Epigastrium
  1. Calm Heart and Spirit (anxiety, palpitations, insomnia, heart patterns)
  2. Relax chest and regulate Qi (chest pain, phlegm, move qi and blood in chest)
  3. Suppress Rebellious Qi and stop vomiting
  4. Stop pain
59
Q

Feng Long (Abundant Bulge) ST40

A

Luo Connecting Stomach

  1. Transform phlegm and dampness (in chest, joints, organs)
  2. Calm spirit
  3. Harmonize Stomach

Pediatrics (12 decks)

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