Pneumococcus

Question 1

What is morphology of pneumococcus

Answer 1

Lanceolate shape
Always appear in a group of two, one capsule surrounds the two bacteria
On prolonged culture, small rounded chains are seen

Question 2

What is optimum temp for growth of pneumococcus

Answer 2

25 to 42 degree

Question 3

What is optimum ph for pneumococcus

Answer 3

6.5 to 7.3

Question 4

What is optimum ph for pneumococcus

Answer 4

6.5 to 7.3

Question 5

Cultural properties

Answer 5

Blood agar develops within 18 hours
Initially dome shaped glistening green coloured zone of hemolysis
Sometimes become centrally and peripherally raise

Question 6

Appearance in liquid medium

Answer 6

Turbidity

Question 7

Antigenic properties

Answer 7

1. Capsular polysaccharide- also known as specific soluble substance, classified into 90 types
2. Nuceleo protein - deep inside cell
3. Somatic c carbohydrate - reacts with c reactive protein, diagnostic aid

Question 8

How is capsular polysaccharide demonstrated

Answer 8

Latex agglutination method

Question 9

Toxins

Answer 9

1. Capsular polysaccharide- resistant to phagocytosis ( can’t resist surface phagocytosis)
2. Pneumolysin - cytotoxic and complement activation properties
3. Autolysin
4. Hemolysin and leucolin

Question 10

Pathogenicity

Answer 10

1. Lobar pneumonia
2. Bronchopneumonia
3. Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
4. Suppurative lesion in other parts of body
5. Empyema
6. otis media
7. Pericarditis
8. Infective arthritis
9. Peritonitis
10. Acute purulent meningitis
11. Sinusitis, conjunctivitis

Question 11

Lab diagnosis

Answer 11

1. Microscopy - blue or violet in colour
2. Culture - zone of incomplete hemolysis, green coloured
3. Demonstration of sss using anti sera
4. Detection of CRP
5. Procalcitonin
6. Real time PCR

Question 12

What is hallmark of pneumococcus pneumonia

Answer 12

Rust coloured sputum