PMTP (LEC) UNIT 3 Flashcards
Function of the Immune System
Identify self from nonself and remove nonself
Composed of the lymph nodes, lymph vessels, lymph fluids
Lymphatic System
Composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Cardiovascular System
Responsible for transporting oxygenated blood throughout the lungs and heart via the artery and oxygen depleted blood is returned to its origin through the veins
Circulatory System
Delivers oxygen, Helps in coaggulation process, regulation of body temperature, and assist in fighting diseases
Circulatory System
Entrance Valve
Tricuspid & Mitral
Exit Valve
Aortic & Pulmonary
Tricuspid Valve
Right atrioventricular valve
Mitral Valve
Bicuspid Valve, Left atrioventricular valve
Pulmonary Valve
Right semilunar valve
Aortic Valve
Left Semilunar Valve
Thin, watery membrane on the outer layer of the heart
Epicardium
covers the heart and is attached to the
pericardium
Epicardium
Thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the
heart
Myocardium
Function: pumps blood into the arteries by contracting
Myocardium
Thin layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the heart
Endocardium
Function: lines the valves and interior chambers
Endocardium
Partition that separates the right from the left atria
Interatrial Septum
Separates the right and left ventricles
Interventricular Septum
Lasts about 0.8 seconds
Cardiac Cycle
This refers to the contraction
phase
Systole
refers to relaxation phase
Diastole
the cardiac muscle that
occurs in one heartbeat
Cardiac Cycle
Sends electric impulses
throughout the myocardium
which is initiated by the
sinoatrial node
Electrical Conduction System
Other term for Sinoatrial Node
pacemaker
the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close
Lubb
the second sound which is heard when the
semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.
Dupp
Average Heart Rate
72 beats per minute
refers to the volume of blood pumped per minute
cardiac output
Moves the blood between the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary Circulation
During the process, oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released, after which, the oxygenated blood flows back to the left atrium of the heart
Pulmonary Circulation
Moves the oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
Systemic Circulation
Deoxygenated blood with carbon dioxide and wastes flows back to the right atrium.
Systemic Circulation
Thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
Arteries
Small-diameter blood vessels that branch out from the arteries and lead to the capillaries
Arterioles
Tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood from tissues to the heart.
Veins
Very small veins that collect blood from capillaries
Venules
Fine hair-like blood vessels that connect arterioles and vein
Capillaries
also called the elbow pit
Antecubital fossa
the triangular area on the anterior of the elbow, which is a site of major veins.
Antecubital fossa
first choice for routine venipuncture
Antecubital fossa
refer to a vein arrangement
that occurs in about 70% of the population.
H-shaped antecubital veins
the preferred venipuncture
site. It is the easiest to access and least painful for the patient.
Median Cubital Vein
the second choice for venipuncture.
It is harder to palpate but is usually better when drawing blood from an obese patient.
Cephalic vein
last choice-vein for venipuncture as it
is not well anchored and punctures on this vein are more painful.
Basilic Vein
refer to a vein arrangement that occurs in about 70% of the population.
H-shaped antecubital veins
the intermediate antebrachial veins, which include the median, median cephalic, and median basilic veins.
M-shaped
the intermediate antebrachial veins, which include the median, median cephalic, and median basilic veins.
M-shaped
intermediate antebrachial vein; firstchoice vein; safest and less painful
Median vein
intermediate cephalic vein; second choice for venipuncture; less likely to roll
Median cephalic vein
intermediate basilic vein; last
choice vein because it is more painful
Median basilic vein
the fluid part of the blood that is left after clotting because it does not have fibrinogen. This can be separated by centrifugation.
Serum
refers to the fluid portion that is separated by centrifugation from the red blood cells, white blood. cells, and platelets. It has fibrinogen and could be collected using
an anticoagulant tube. It is also collected in cases where serum could nor be used
Plasma
gas exchange: oxygen and carbon
Red cells
Granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Mononuclears
Lymphocytes and monocytes
Platelets
hemostasis
the stoppage of bleeding as a response to
an injury whether it be normal vasoconstriction where the vessel walls close temporarily, abnormal obstruction like plaque, or coagulation such as litigation.
Hemostasis
the vessel walls are constricted after an injury, which results in reduced flow of blood in the site of injury
Vaoconstuction
the process in which the blood
changes, from a liquid state into a gel that forms the blood dot.
Coagulation/Clotting
an enzyme that plays an important role in
coagulation
Thrombin
the process in which the fibrin is dissolved.
It has two main activities:
Fibrinolysis
