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PMHNP NMODELO Review MODULE 1 > PMHNP CC PART 4 > Flashcards

PMHNP CC PART 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Reactive Attachment Disorder characterized by?

A

Severe dysfunction in the early relationship between the caregiver and the child

Children in foster care may exhibit this disorder.

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2
Q

List some symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).

A
  • Excessive anxiety and worry
  • Difficulty controlling the worry
  • Restlessness
  • Easily fatigued
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Irritability
  • Muscle tension
  • Sleep disturbances
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3
Q

What defines a panic attack?

A

An abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes.

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4
Q

What medications are often prescribed for Panic Disorder?

A
  • SSRIs (e.g., Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil)
  • Propranolol (contraindicated in bronchospasm patients)
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5
Q

What are the key features of Anorexia Nervosa?

A
  • Low body mass index
  • Amenorrhea
  • Emaciation
  • Bradycardia
  • Hypotension
  • BMI less than 15 requires hospitalization
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6
Q

What neurotransmitters are involved in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

A
  • Glutamate
  • GABA
  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine
  • Dopamine
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7
Q

What does the Broken Mirror Theory suggest?

A

Autism spectrum disorders may be due to dysfunction in the brain’s mirror neuron system.

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8
Q

What is a common condition during puberty related to breast swelling in boys?

A

Typically resolves within six months.

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9
Q

What are signs of lead poisoning?

A
  • Developmental delays
  • Learning difficulties
  • Irritability
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
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10
Q

True or False: Cognitive distortions can contribute to mental health issues.

A

True

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11
Q

What is the aim of cognitive therapy?

A

To replace negative distortions with positive thoughts.

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12
Q

What is the key concept behind Family System Therapy?

A

Triangles, or triangulations, refer to a three-person relationship system.

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13
Q

What is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis?

A
  • Smoking
  • Excessive caffeine consumption
  • Insufficient weight-bearing exercise
  • Lack of a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
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14
Q

What characterizes Subcortical Dementia?

A

Motor symptoms including lack of coordination, tremors, ataxia, and dystonia.

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15
Q

What is the primary focus of Strategic Therapy?

A

Problem-focused and solution-focused interventions.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The principle that allows patients to leave against medical advice is called _______.

A

Habeas corpus

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17
Q

What does CBT stand for?

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

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18
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Regulatory functions including appetite, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms.

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19
Q

What is the treatment recommendation for MDD vs. Dementia?

A

MDD typically has an acute onset while dementia shows a history of gradual cognitive decline.

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20
Q

What is the purpose of reflective practice?

A

To analyze unsuccessful results and enhance future performance.

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21
Q

What is the objective of Multisystemic Family Therapy (MST)?

A

Minimize obstacles hindering families from getting help.

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22
Q

What are key elements of mindfulness meditation?

A
  • Brings you to the present
  • Techniques of breath awareness
  • Awareness of body sensations, thoughts, or sounds
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23
Q

What does the acronym WHAT HEC stand for?

A

Water balance, Hunger, Appetite, Temperature, Hormones, sEX/libido, Circadian rhythm.

24
Q

What is the role of the amygdala?

A

Responsible for aggression, fear, anxiety, emotions, and sense of smell.

25
Q

What does the term enmeshment refer to?

A

A relationship involving unclear personal boundaries between individuals.

26
Q

What is a common symptom of delirium?

A

Acute disturbance of level of consciousness, cognition, and attention.

27
Q

What is acupuncture used for?

A

Pain and depression

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves inserting needles into specific points on the body to alleviate pain and depression.

28
Q

What does habeas corpus protect?

A

Patients against unlawful hospitalization

Habeas corpus is a legal principle that allows patients to leave against medical advice.

29
Q

What is disseminated encephalomyelitis?

A

A neurological disorder characterized by inflammation in the brain and spinal cord

This condition damages myelin and can cause symptoms like paresthesia, weakness, and fatigue.

30
Q

What are the components of a PICOT question?

A
  • Populations/problem
  • Intervention
  • Comparison
  • Outcome
  • Times

PICOT questions are used to formulate research questions in evidence-based practice.

31
Q

What is the highest level of evidence in research?

A

Systematic review or meta-analysis

This type of evidence is crucial for making changes in clinical practice.

32
Q

How can commitment to policy implementation be enhanced?

A

By highlighting its role in elevating patient care standards

Demonstrating benefits can improve buy-in from stakeholders.

33
Q

What is the purpose of using scales in psychiatry?

A

To drive quality improvement for mental health conditions

Consistent assessments help in tracking patient outcomes.

34
Q

What should be avoided regarding a patient’s privacy and social media?

A

Searching for patient information on social media

This action breaches patient trust and confidentiality.

35
Q

What is conflict of interest in healthcare?

A

Pharmaceutical companies covering nursing tuition costs

This may lead to nurses prescribing certain medications more frequently.

36
Q

What is drug tolerance?

A

Diminished response to a drug’s effects over time

Higher doses are often required to achieve the same therapeutic effect.

37
Q

What are common causes of sleep apnea?

A
  • Excess weight
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes
  • High BP
  • Narrowed airways
  • Smoking

These factors contribute to the development of sleep apnea.

38
Q

What are signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?

A
  • Tremors
  • Paradoxical sweats
  • Tactile disturbances
  • Auditory disturbances
  • Visual disturbance
  • Headaches
  • Anxiety
  • Agitation
  • Nausea and vomiting

These symptoms can vary in severity and duration.

39
Q

What are treatment options for alcohol dependence?

A
  • Acamprosate
  • Disulfiram
  • Naltrexone

These medications are used to help manage alcohol dependence.

40
Q

What is the moderate range for MMSE?

A

10-20

MMSE stands for Mini-Mental State Examination, a tool used to assess cognitive function.

41
Q

What is the moderate range for SLUM?

A

10-20

SLUM stands for Saint Louis University Mental Status exam, used for cognitive assessment.

42
Q

What is the moderate range for HAM-D?

A

14-18

HAM-D refers to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

43
Q

What is the moderate range for PHQ-9?

A

10-14

PHQ-9 is the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, used for screening and measuring the severity of depression.

44
Q

What is the moderate range for GAD-7?

A

10-14

GAD-7 is the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale.

45
Q

What is the moderate range for BDI?

A

19-29

BDI stands for Beck Depression Inventory.

46
Q

What is the moderate range for HAM-A?

A

18-24

HAM-A refers to the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.

47
Q

How do you treat severe depression?

A

Medication and/or therapy; assess for suicidal ideation

Treatment should be comprehensive and include safety evaluations.

48
Q

How do you treat moderate depression?

A

Medication and/or therapy

Similar to severe depression but may not require as intensive monitoring.

49
Q

How do you treat mild depression?

A

Therapy or nothing

Treatment may depend on patient preference and symptom severity.

50
Q

How do you treat mild anxiety?

A

Therapy or nothing

Similar to mild depression, treatment varies based on individual needs.

51
Q

How do you treat severe anxiety?

A

Medication and/or therapy; assess for suicidal ideation

Comprehensive treatment is crucial for managing severe symptoms.

52
Q

How do you treat moderate anxiety?

A

Medication and/or therapy

This approach is generally effective for managing symptoms.

53
Q

What are distinctive withdrawal symptoms?

A
  • Yawning
  • Irritability/anxiety
  • Pupillary dilation
  • Piloerection
  • Muscle aches
  • Lacrimation
  • Rhinorrhea
  • Sweating
  • Insomnia

These symptoms can indicate withdrawal from certain substances.

54
Q

What does the acronym YIP PLRSI represent?

A

Yawning, Irritability, Pupils, Piloerection, Lacrimation, Rhinorrhea, Sweating, Insomnia

This acronym helps remember distinctive withdrawal symptoms.

55
Q

What is the purpose of the SBIRT?

A

Screens for Substance Use Disorders

SBIRT stands for Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment.

56
Q

What does an AUDIT score determine?

A

The appropriate intervention per the SBIRT protocol

AUDIT is a screening tool for alcohol use disorders.

57
Q

What is the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) used for?

A

To assess substance use in young adults and adults

DAST is a screening tool for drug abuse.

PMHNP NMODELO Review MODULE 1 (11 decks)

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