Module 4 Part 2 Flashcards
What is the conflict during the Infancy stage according to Erikson’s Stages of Development?
Trust vs. Mistrust
This stage occurs from birth to 1 year.
What virtue is developed if a child successfully resolves the conflict of Trust vs. Mistrust?
Hope
What is the conflict during Early Childhood (1 to 3 years) in Erikson’s stages?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
What virtue is associated with the Early Childhood stage if successful?
Will
What is the conflict during Preschool age (3 to 6 years) in Erikson’s stages?
Initiative vs. Guilt
What virtue is developed in the Preschool stage if the child is successful?
Purpose
What is the conflict faced during School Age (6 to 12 years)?
Industry vs. Inferiority
What virtue is developed if a child is successful in the School Age stage?
Confidence
What is the conflict during Adolescence (12 to 20 years) in Erikson’s theory?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
What virtue is developed if a teenager successfully resolves the conflict of Identity vs. Role Confusion?
Fidelity
What is the conflict during Young Adulthood (20 to 35 years)?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
What virtue is associated with successful resolution of the Intimacy vs. Isolation conflict?
Love
What is the conflict faced during Middle Adulthood (35 to 65 years)?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
What virtue is developed if successful in the Middle Adulthood stage?
Care
What is the conflict faced in Maturity (65 to death)?
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
What virtue is developed if an individual successfully resolves the conflict of Ego Integrity vs. Despair?
Wisdom
In Erikson’s theory, what outcome occurs if a child fails in the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
Fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredictable.
What is the age range for the Sensorimotor stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
0-2 years
What is a key characteristic of the Sensorimotor stage?
Object permanence
What is the age range for the Preoperational stage in Piaget’s cognitive development theory?
2-7 years
What is a defining trait of the Preoperational stage?
Egocentric and magical thinking
What is the age range for the Concrete Operational stage?
7-11 years
What key concept is developed during the Concrete Operational stage?
Conservation
What is the age range for the Formal Operational stage in Piaget’s theory?
11+ years
What cognitive abilities are developed during the Formal Operational stage?
Abstract logic and reasoning
What is the first stage of Freud’s psychosexual development?
Oral stage
What is the focus of the Anal stage in Freud’s theory?
Bowel and bladder control
What is the key behavior in the Phallic stage?
Playing with genitals
What is a defining feature of the Latency stage?
Sexual desire is pushed into the background.
What is the final stage in Freud’s psychosexual development?
Genital stage
What is an example of the defense mechanism of Projection?
Accusing others of having anger management problems instead of recognizing one’s own anger.
What is Displacement in Freud’s defense mechanisms?
Redirecting emotions from one target to a safer target.
What is Sublimation in the context of defense mechanisms?
Channeling aggressive impulses into socially acceptable activities.
What does Intellectualization refer to in Freud’s defense mechanisms?
Focusing on research and facts to avoid emotional distress.
What is Rationalization in Freud’s defense mechanisms?
Justifying behaviors to protect self-esteem.
What is Repression in the context of Freud’s defense mechanisms?
Keeping distressing memories out of conscious awareness.
What is the core concept in Freud’s psychodynamic theory?
The unconscious mind influences thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
What acronym represents the basic skills of motivation interviewing?
OARS
What does ‘O’ in OARS stand for?
Open-ended questions
What is the meaning of ‘A’ in OARS?
Affirmation
What does ‘R’ in OARS represent?
Reflection
What is the final component ‘S’ in OARS?
Summarizing
What are the stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Change?
- Pre-contemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
What does OARS stand for in motivational interviewing?
- Open-ended questions
- Affirmation
- Reflection
- Summarizing
OARS is a core skill set used in motivational interviewing to enhance patient engagement.
What are the stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Change?
- Pre-contemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
This model outlines the stages individuals go through when changing behavior.
True or False: The patient must be ready and motivated for change to occur in the Transtheoretical Model.
True
Readiness and motivation are crucial for sustaining change.
What are the 5 A’s of motivational interviewing?
- Ask
- Advise
- Assess
- Assist
- Arrange
These steps guide the motivational interviewing process for behavior change.
Define the Precontemplation phase in the Transtheoretical Model.
The patient is unaware of a problem and has not initiated changes.
This is the first stage in the model, indicating no recognition of the need for change.
In Lewin’s Change Theory, what are driving forces?
Forces that push in a direction causing change to occur.
Understanding driving forces is essential for facilitating change.
What is the goal of cognitive therapy according to Aaron Beck?
To change irrational beliefs, negative thoughts, and cognitive distortions.
This therapy emphasizes the connection between thoughts and feelings.
What is the primary focus of Behavioral Therapy?
To change maladaptive behaviors with positive actions.
This therapy is based on the premise that all behaviors are learned and can be modified.
Fill in the blank: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) aims to change patterns of our _______ and _______ to overcome problems.
[conscious beliefs], [unconscious beliefs]
CBT integrates cognitive and behavioral approaches to address issues.
What are the primary goals of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)?
- Decrease crisis behaviors
- Decrease suicidal behaviors
- Improve decision-making
- Improve communication
DBT is particularly effective for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder.
What is the main aim of Existential Therapy?
To understand the patient’s subjective experience and focus on personal responsibility.
This therapy is often used for individuals facing life crises.
Who developed Person-Centered Therapy?
Carl Rogers
This therapy emphasizes the potential for self-actualization and personal growth.
What is the focus of Gestalt Therapy?
Present-moment awareness and personal responsibility.
Techniques in Gestalt Therapy often include role-playing and awareness exercises.
What does Family System Therapy emphasize?
Understanding family dynamics and each member’s role within the family system.
This therapy helps families navigate anxiety and improve overall functioning.
What is a genogram?
A family map that shows relationships and roles within the family.
Genograms are used in various family therapies to visualize family dynamics.
What is the primary goal of Strategic Family Therapy?
To address specific problems within the family system through cleverly designed tasks.
This approach helps families work through issues by engaging them in problem-solving.
What is the focus of Solution-Focused Therapy?
Setting goals and leveraging existing strengths to achieve desired changes.
This therapy prioritizes solutions over problems.
What is the desensitization phase in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)?
Encouraging the patient to visualize trauma while addressing negative thoughts.
This phase is crucial for processing traumatic memories.
What is the purpose of the Maintenance phase in the Transtheoretical Model?
To help the patient sustain changes made for over 6 months.
This phase focuses on preventing relapse into old behaviors.
What is the main focus of Solution-Focused Therapy?
Setting goals and working towards them
What does Solution-Focused Therapy emphasize?
Using what’s already working well to achieve desired changes
What are Miracle Questions in Solution-Focused Therapy?
Imagining a world where the problem has vanished overnight
What do Exception Finding Questions aim to uncover?
Times when the problem wasn’t present, revealing hidden solutions
What is the purpose of Coping Questions in Solution-Focused Therapy?
Discover how clients have dealt with challenges
What role do Compliments play in Solution-Focused Therapy?
Recognizing and celebrating the client’s achievements and strengths
What is the function of Scaling Questions in therapy?
Clients rate how bad the problem is to track progress over time
What age group is Multisystem Therapy (MST) designed for?
Teenagers aged 12 to 17 years old
What is the main goal of Multisystem Therapy (MST)?
Reduce criminal activities and the need for teens to live away from home
What types of therapy methods does MST combine?
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), strategic family therapy, structural family therapy
What is the ‘Do Loop’ process in MST?
Used to figure out and change antisocial behavior
What does Universality refer to in Yalom’s Therapeutic Factors?
Members recognize that other members share similar feelings, thoughts, and problems
What is Altruism in the context of group therapy?
Members gain a boost to self-concept through extending help to other group members
What does Instillation of Hope signify in group therapy?
Members recognize that others’ success can be helpful and develop optimism for their own improvement
What is the purpose of Imparting Information in group therapy?
Education or advice provided by the therapist or group members
What does the Corrective Recapitulation of Primary Family Experience allow?
Opportunity to reenact critical family dynamics with group members in a corrective manner
What stage involves crafting a group charter in Tuckman’s Stage of Group Development?
Pre-group Stage
What is achieved during the Norming Stage of group development?
Conflict resolution through teamwork and reaching consensus on roles
What happens during the Performing Stage of group development?
Heightened performance, prolific problem-solving, enriched experiential learning
What is the focus of the Recovery Model in Mental Health Care?
Patient-directed recovery and gaining control over their condition
What are the Four Pillars of the Recovery Model?
- Health
- Home
- Purpose
- Community
What does Assertive Community Therapy (ACT) emphasize?
Community-based treatment with an integrated approach
What is the goal of Assertive Community Treatment?
Integration into the community without relying on hospital care
What is the next course of action for a patient with schizophrenia to reduce hospitalizations?
Refer patient to Assertive Community Treatment team
Fill in the blank: The Recovery Model emphasizes _______ and managing life’s challenges.
[building resilience]
True or False: The Recovery Model focuses solely on symptom reduction.
False
What is meant by ‘Cohesiveness’ in Yalom’s Therapeutic Factors?
Feelings of trust, belonging, and togetherness experienced by group members
What is the focus of the Adjourning Stage in group development?
Completion and reflection on the group’s journey and achievements
What is the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and mental health?
Positive childhood experiences (0-17) are associated with various health issues
What is the role of the amygdala in trauma recovery?
Exposure/behavioral therapy helps the amygdala deal with negative past experiences
