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NCM 107- MCHN (WELL CLIENTS) > PM- Reproductive and Sexual Health > Flashcards

PM- Reproductive and Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

encompasses the sexual knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors of individuals.

A

Human sexuality

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2
Q

this part of our sexuality involves our physical appearance, especially the development of physical sexual characteristics; our responses to sexual stimulation; our ability to reproduce or to control fertility; and our growth and development in general

A

Biological Dimension

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3
Q

when does human-sexual erotic functioning begin?

A

begins immediately after birth and last a lifetime

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4
Q

what begins immediately after birth and last a lifetime

A

human-sexual erotic functioning

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5
Q

Although sexual activity is definitely physical, it also involves psychology—our sense of being.

A

Psychological Dimensions

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6
Q

who said that sexual behavior “is all between the ears.”

A

Dr. Ruth Westheimer

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7
Q

A major psychological factor that affects our sexual wellness

A

body image

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8
Q

this dimension of sexuality is the sum of the cultural and social influences that affect our thoughts and actions

A

Socio Cultural Dimension

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9
Q

who believes that people acquire and assemble meanings, skills, and values from the people around them

A

social constructionists

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10
Q

what are the six sexuality sources of Influences:

A

Religious Influences
Multicultural Influences
Socioeconomic Influences
Ethical Influences
Media Influences
Political Influences

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11
Q

public policy affects our sexual behavior. Even political elections—including choosing elected officials and voting on ballot initiatives—can have a profound effect on policies and on thinking about human sexuality

A

Political Influences

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12
Q

media help shape public attitudes on many topics—especially sexuality, sex roles, and sexual behaviors. The depictions of sexuality we encounter in the media are there mainly to entertain and sell products.

A

Media Influences

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13
Q

involves questioning the way we treat ourselves and other people. Examples of sexually oriented ethical dilemmas include the following:
Should I or should I not participate in a certain sexual behavior?

A

Ethical Influences

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14
Q

Examples of this influence include low-income individuals often thinking and acting differently than middle-class individuals, being more likely to engage in sexual intercourse at an earlier age, and having children outside of marriage.

A

Socioeconomic Influences

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15
Q

Your ability to respect your sexual partner’s cultural beliefs and feelings will result in a higher level of satisfaction for both of you.

A

Multicultural Influences

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16
Q

usually determined by birth and is related to country of origin, native language, race and religion.

A

ethnic background

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17
Q

refers to the degree of identification an individual feels with a particular ethnic group.

A

Ethnicity

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18
Q

Religious and spiritual beliefs influence feelings about morality, sexual behavior, premarital sexual behavior, adultery, divorce, contraception, abortion, and masturbation.

A

Religious Influences

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19
Q

is ordered toward the marital meaning. In fact, this union is necessary for the consummation of the marriage.

A

unitive

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20
Q

is the creation of a new human person, by the act of sexual intercourse, by a man and a woman. Marriage needs to be open to the possibility of having children. Sex is procreative

A

Procreation

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21
Q

the ability to enjoy and express one’s sexuality free from the risks of sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancy, coercion, violence, and discrimination.

A

Sexual health

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22
Q

a term used to describe your pattern of emotional, romantic or sexual attraction

A

Sexual orientation

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23
Q

describes how a person identifies related to their sexual orientation Hence a man who exclusively prefers women will usually have a straight or heterosexual

A

Sexual identity

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24
Q

mental image or picture of self; includes body image, subjective self, ideal self and social self.

A

Self Concept

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25
Q

– how a person experiences his or her own body.

A

Body Image

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26
Q

expectations, and responsibilities that are considered appropriate for women (feminine) and men (masculine).

A

Gender behaviors,

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27
Q

is the inner sense a person has of being male or female, which may be the same as or different from sex assigned at birth. your internal and psychological sense of yourself as a woman, a man, both, in between or neither.

A

Gender identity

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28
Q

refers to the behavior a person exhibits, which may or may not be the same as the person’s gender identity or sex assigned at birth.

A

Gender expression

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29
Q

set of perceived behavioral norms associated particularly with males or females, in a given social group or system. For women (feminine) and men (masculine).

A

Gender roles

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30
Q

includes all of the human being’s genetically determined anatomy and physiology, which is also influenced by intrauterine conditions

A

Biologic Sex

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31
Q

begins at the moment of conception and continues through life.

A

Reproductive Development

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32
Q

Sex assigned at birth is generally determined at the moment of conception by chromosome information, which is supplied by the sperm that joins with the ovum to create the new life

A

INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT

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33
Q

how many weeks does it take for external genitals to develop

A

about week 12 of intrauterine life

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34
Q

is the stage of life at which secondary sex changes begin.

A

Puberty / PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT

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35
Q

what part of the brain stimulates synthesis and releasing for gonadotropin releasing hormone? (GnRH)

A

hypothalamus

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36
Q

what are the external genitals that develop in the intrauterine stage

A

penile tissue elongates,ventral surface closes to form a urethra

uterus, labia minora and labia majora

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37
Q

what part triggers the release of FSH and LH

A

anterior pituitary

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38
Q

what are FSH AND LH termed as

A

gonadotropin (gonad= ovary tropin+ growth)

39
Q

FSH and LH cause…

A

androgen and estrogen, which initate secondary sex characteristics, but they continue to cause production of eggs and influence mentrual cycles

40
Q

___________are the hormones responsible for muscular development, physical growth, and the increase in sebaceous gland secretions that cause typical acne in both boys and girls during adolescence.

A

Androgenic hormones

41
Q

androgenic hormones is produced where

A

adrenal cortex and testes
adrenal cortex and ovary

42
Q

closure of growth plates in long bones

A

adrenarche

43
Q

level of the primary androgenic hormone, testosterone, is low in males until puberty at what ages

A

between 12-14

44
Q

testosterone during puberty for males brings changes in the:

A

testes-scrotum-penis-prostate-seminal vesicles- male pubic axillary and facial, laryngeal enlargement with voice change, spermatozoa maturation, adrenarche.

45
Q

for girls, testosterone causes:

A

enlargement of labia majora, clitoris, axillary and pubic hair

46
Q

beginning of breast development is termed

A

thelarche

47
Q

when does thelarche start

A

usually starts 1 to 2 years before menstruation.

48
Q

what triggers excretion of the hormone estrogen

A

FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. ovarian follicles in females excrete estrogen.

49
Q

estrogen in females lead to

A

the development of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and vagina; typical female fat distribution; hair patterns; and breast development. It also closes the epiphyses of long bones in girls the same way testosterone closes the growth plate in boys.

50
Q

the first menstrual period is called ___ anf average age occurs at________

A

menarche, 12.4 years old, or early as 9 late as 17

51
Q

ovulation occurs how many years after menarche

A

1-2 years after menarche

52
Q

what are the sequential order of the secondary sex characteristics (female)

A

-growth spurt
- increase in transverse diameter of the pelvis
- breast development
- growth of pubic hair
- onset of menstruation
- growth of axillary hair
-vaginal secretions

53
Q

what are the sequential order of the secondary sex characteristics (male)

A

Increase in weight
Growth of testes
Growth of face, axillary, and pubic hair
Voice changes
Penile growth
Increase in height
Spermatogenesis (production of sperm)

54
Q

what is the human sexual response cycles (four discrete stages)

A

excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution

55
Q

This stage, which is characterized by the body’s initial response to feelings of sexual desire, may last from minutes to several hours.

A

Excitement (also called arousal)

56
Q

This stage, the highest point of sexual excitement, generally lasts between 30 seconds and three minutes.

A

Plateau.

57
Q

This stage, the peak of the plateau stage and the point at which sexual tension is released, generally lasts for less than a minute.

A

Orgasm.

58
Q

The duration of this stage—the period during which the body returns to its pre-excitement state—varies greatly and generally increases with age.

A

Resolution

59
Q

what is the menstrual cycle

A

begins on the first day of menstrual bleeding and ends on the day before menstrual bleeding begins again.

60
Q

what is considered an average menstrual flow and what is abnormal

A

2-7, 1-9

61
Q

what is the interval between cycles in average and what is not unusal

A

28 days average; 23-25 not unusal

62
Q

what is the avg amount of menstrual flow

A

30-80mL per menstrual period. saturating a pad or tampon in less than an hour is heavy bleeding

63
Q

Color of menstrual flow –

A

dark red; a combination of blood, mucus, and endometrial cells

64
Q

the odor of menstruation can be described similar to_____-

A

that of marigolds

65
Q

is the cessation of menstrual cycles

A

Menopause

66
Q

what is the normal sperm analysis count

A

Count 60million/ml; motility 60%; volume 1-6ml per ejaculate; ph 7.2-7.8

67
Q

under optimal conditions how long is the lifespan of sperm

A

3-5 days

68
Q

what are the phases of menstrual cycle

A

Pre – ovulatory Phase (Follicular Phase) – cervix is relatively close

Ovulatory Phase

Post-ovulatory Phase (Luteal Phase)– cervix absolutely close

69
Q

On the first day of the menstrual cycle, these hormones are ____ and it causes shedding of the endometrium as menstrual bleeding

A

estrogen and progesterone levels are low

70
Q

when ____ level peak, brain is stimulated to produce LH.

A

ESTROGEN

71
Q

sudden increase of LH causes release of _____ a process called___

A

mature ovum, ovulation

72
Q

the process of relasing of mature ovum is called

A

OVULATION

73
Q

when does ovulation occur

A

12-16 days before next menstruation

74
Q

how long does the egg stay up in the fallopian tube to be fertilized

A

24 hours

75
Q

what can you expect during the ovulatory phase

A

The lining of the uterus thickens
The egg is mature and is finally released
The cervical mucus is wet, slippery, stretchy and clear.
There is a feeling of vaginal wetness.
The cervix is soft and open.

76
Q

______ in the ovary produces estrogen in smaller amounts and progesterone in greater amounts

A

corpus luteum

77
Q

what happens to the remaining follicles that underwent initial maturation

A

they are transformed into corpus luteum

78
Q

Progesterone causes the following changes in the woman’s reproductive system.

A
  • The cervical mucus becomes pasty and is no longer slippery and stretchy.
  • The vagina feels dry (this type of mucus does not allow the sperm to travel into the uterus and prevents the sperm from living for more than few minutes to a few hours).
  • The cervix becomes firm; the cervical opening closes so that the sperm cannot pass through the uterus.
  • The basal body temperature increases and remains high for the rest of the cycle.
79
Q

if fertilization did not occur corpus luteum regresses, and prog and estrog decreases causing menstruation.

A

.

80
Q

When fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg produces what hormone?

A

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) hormone.

81
Q

Effects of HCG:

A
  • The corpus luteum is maintained so that the estrogen and progesterone production is sustained.
  • Due to sustained levels of estrogen and progesterone, the endometrium is maintained and menstruation is maintained and menstruation does not happen.
  • The presence of HCG causes the pregnancy test to read positive
82
Q

The reproductive and sexual organs form when?

A

early in intrauterine life

83
Q

when does reproductive and sexual organs become fully functioning

A

puberty

84
Q

The female internal organs of reproduction include

A

the ovaries, the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the vagina.

85
Q

The female external organs of reproduction include

A

the mons veneris, the labia minora and majora, the vestibule, the clitoris, the fourchette, the perineal body, the hymen, and the Skene and the Bartholin glands.

86
Q

male external reproductive structures are

A

penis, scrotum, and testes

87
Q

Internal organs (male repro)

A

epididymis, the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, the ejaculatory ducts, the prostate gland, the urethra, and the bulbourethral glands.

88
Q

finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

A

fimbriae

89
Q

inner layer of the uterus

A

Endometrium

90
Q

where does fertilization occur?

A

fallopian tube

91
Q

prostate’s primary function

A

produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm (seminal fluid).

92
Q

primary reproductive organ for male

A

testes

93
Q

female counterpart for testes is:

A

Ovary

94
Q

which contraceptive method

A

NCM 107- MCHN (WELL CLIENTS) (4 decks)

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