Plumbing System Flashcards
#1-#130 are done #236-247 are done still need to work on #131 thru #235
½ Bathroom (half bath) is a bathroom with a sink and a toilet and is also called a powder room.
(True or False)
True
¾ Bathroom: which of the following is not in a 3/4 bathroom:
a) a bathroom with a sink,
b) toilet
c) bathtub
d) shower
d) bathtub
Aerator:
a) a device that introduces air into a water stream;
b) usually attached to the outlet of sink and lavatory faucets.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
c) both a and b
Adapter is a fitting that allows connection of different pipe types or different pipe sizes.
(True or False)
True
Air Admittance Valve (AAV):
a) an air pressure operated two-way valve used in place of an atmospheric plumbing vent;
b) this device is the same as a check (cheater) vent which contains a spring loaded gasket
c) is approved for use in site-built houses in most jurisdictions.
d) none of the above
d) none of the above
a) ONE-WAY VALVE
b) different from cheater vent
c) is NOT approved
Air gap:
a) the vertical distance between the discharge opening of a water supply fixture, such as a faucet
b) the flood rim level of a fixture such as a sink
c) an air gap is one method of preventing a cross-connection between the water supply and drainage systems.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Appliance, plumbing:
which of the following appliances is not connected to the plumbing system that uses energy to perform its function:
a) clothes washing machine
b) dishwashing machine
c) water heater
d) bowl of water on top of a dresser
d) bowl of water on top of a dresser
Arm, shower:
a) the generally horizontal pipe that connects the shower riser to the shower head
b) usually curves down at about a 30° angle near the shower head.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
c) both a and b
Backflow:
a) The flow of a contaminate from an unintended source into the water supply system.
b) Also called Backpressure and Backsiphonage.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
c) both a and b
Backflow preventer is a device used to prevent backflow into the water supply system.
True or false
True
Backpressure is an uncommon condition that can occur when the pressure at a point outside the water supply system is greater than the water supply system pressure.
An example of backpressure is the weight of water in a swimming pool located above the water supply system pipes.
(True or False)
True
Backsiphonage:
a) an uncommon condition that can occur when there is negative pressure in the water supply system pipes;
b) contaminants can be sucked into the water supply system pipes.
c) Backsiphonage usually occurs because of a sudden loss of water pressure combined with rapid drainage of the water supply system pipes.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Backwater valve:
A backwater valve is recommended when plumbing fixtures in a house are located below the nearest downstream manhole cover of the public sewer.
(True or False)
False
upstream manhole cover, not downstream
Bend is a fitting that changes the direction of flow in drainage pipes. Bends are identified by the angle of the direction change, either by a fraction or by the number of degrees of the direction change. The fraction describes how much of a 360° circle that the bend angle sweeps. Which is incorrect:
a) 90° (¼ bend)
b) 60° (1/6 bend)
c) 45° (⅙ bend)
d) 22° (1/16 bend)
c) 45 (should be 1/8 bend)
See also Elbow and Sweep
Branch drain (fixture branch): (choose the best answer)
a) a pipe that receives material from one or more fixture drains or from other branch drains;
b) branch drains are usually vertical pipes that may have some horizontal sections;
c) a branch drain usually flows into a stack or into the building drain.
d) all of the above
c) branch drain flows into a stack or the building drain
NOTES:
a) TWO or more fixtures drains
b) mainly HORIZONTAL that may have SOME vertical
Brazing :
a) a method of joining metal pipe and fittings (usually copper) by fusing them together
b) usually uses an alloy made mostly from silver at a temperature above 800° F;
c) AKA: Contrast Soldering (sweating).
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Building drain:
a) Usually the highest drainage pipe in the house;
b) it extends 30 inches from the house exterior wall where it connects to the building sewer.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
b) extends 30 inches from the house exterior where it connects to the sewer
NOTE:
a) LOWEST pipe, not highest pipe
Cleanout (plumbing): (WHICH of the following is NOT a Cleanout:
a) an accessible opening in drainage pipes that allows clearing of blockages;
b) a fitting with a covered opening
c) an irremovable trap or fixture
d) none of the above
c) SHOULD BE a removable trap or fixture (like a toilet)
Commode:
a regional term primarily used in the South and Southeast. See Toilet.
(True or False)
True
Compression fitting is a method of connecting water supply pipes and valves using a compression ring (ferrule) and a compression nut. Which of the following examples is an example of a compression fitting:
a) dishwasher
b) garbage disposal
c) ice maker
d) all of the above
c) ice maker
Coupling:
a plumbing fitting that allows two pipes to be connected in a
a) straight line
b) bent angle
c) either a) or b)
d) none of the above
a) straight line
Cross-connection (backflow) is a connection between the water supply pipes and a potential contaminate source that could allow contaminated water to flow from the contaminate source into the water supply pipes. Which of the following is an example of Cross-connection:
a) DWV pipes,
b) Fill valve in a toilet tank
c) Hand-held shower head hanging below the flood rim level of a bathtub
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Developed length is the length of a pipe measured along the pipe including all fittings. For pipes that convey material under pressure (water and gas pipes), an amount is often added to the length of the physical pipe to account for pressure loss caused by
___________ at the fittings.
friction
Disposall (Disposal) is another name for a food-waste disposal.
(True or False)
True
Diverter:
a) a valve in a bathtub spout that directs water from the spout to the shower riser.
b) Any valve that directs water flow from one pipe to other pipes,
c) a valve in a shower that directs water from the shower head to body spray heads.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Drainage pipe:
a generic term that refers to a drain pipe or a _____ pipe.
waste
Drain (soil) pipe:
a pipe that conveys _______ and ________.
AKA Contrast Waste pipe.
feces and urine
DWV system is an abbreviation used to describe the:
a) plumbing drain,
b) waste,
c) vent pipes
d) associated fittings and fixtures
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Elbow (Choose the INCORRECT STATEMENT):
a) Also called a BEND, an Elbow is a water supply fitting that changes the direction of flow in pipes.
b) Elbows are identified by the number of degrees of the direction change. Common elbows include: 90°, 45°, and 22½°.
c) Elbow is frequently used when discussing DWV fittings, but coupling is the more technically correct term for DWV fittings.
d) None of the above
c) should be BEND, not coupling
Faucet:
a type of valve that allows water to flow through the air from an outlet.
dasdf
Fitting:
a part that allows two or more pipes to be joined together; commonly used to describe components that connect plumbing pipes.
Fixture drain (trap arm):
a pipe that conveys material from a fixture trap to another drainage pipe.
(True or False)
True
Name an example of a Fixture drain.
a receptacle that receives water from the water supply system and discharges the water and other material into the drainage pipes.
toilet, bathtub, floor drain, sink
Fixture, supply:
a device in the plumbing system from which water flows (like a faucet or hose bibb). The term fixture is often used to describe:
a) a supply fixture
b) a drainage fixture
c) both supply and drainage fixtures
d) none of the above
c) both
Flared fitting:
a method of connecting annealed copper water supply tubing and gas tubing and their associated valves by enlarging the end of the tube and securing the tube on a flare fitting using a screw.
(True or False)
False
secure the tube with a nut, not a screw
Flood rim level:
the lowest level water can rise in a drainage fixture before the water flows out from the fixture to an unintended area such as the floor or countertop.
(True or False)
False
the HIGHEST (not the lowest) level water can rise in a drainage fixture
Floor drain:
a plumbing fixture recessed in a floor; floor drains in houses are usually located in the _________ and receive water from sources such as the air conditioning condensate drain.
basement
Food-waste disposer:
It is perfectly fine for a home inspector to call food-waste disposers by their brand name like: a ) Disposall b) Garbarator c) Insinkerator d) none of the above
d) none of the above.
It is NOT okay to use name-brands to describe food-waste disposers.
Functional drainage:
a) when the water drainage rate from the fixture is approximately equal to the maximum water flow rate into the fixture;
b) water should not be able to reach the flood rim level of the fixture when the drain is completely closed.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above.
a) water drainage rate = max water flow rate
NOTE:
b) when the drain is fully open (not closed).
Functional flow:
a) a water flow rate at a water supply fixture (in gallons per minute, (gpm)) that is equal to the minimum recommended flow rate at the fixture supply pipe (with no fixture attached)
b) equal to the maximum recommended flow rate at the fixture
c) whichever is less.
d) all of the above
List an example and its recommended flow rate: Bathtub 4 gpm, Sink or lavatory 2.2 gpm, Shower 2.5 gpm, Hose Bibb 5 gpm.
d) all of the above
Gray water: Gray water may be processed and recycled to flush toilets and for landscape irrigation.
Examples of Gray water include:
a) liquid waste from lavatories,
b) bathtubs and showers,
c) clothes washers and laundry trays
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Hose bibb (bib):
a water supply fixture designed for attachment of a garden hose. See Spigot.
Hub (bell):
the enlarged part of a pipe or fitting that accepts insertion of a pipe; cast iron pipes often have a hub that accepts the spigot end of the pipe. Other types of drainage pipes may have hubs and spigots.
Laundry tray:
a) a sink usually located in a laundry area
b) deep sink
c) laundry sink
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Lavatory:
is a toilet located in a bathroom.
(True or False)
False
A sink located in a bathroom.
Manifold (plumbing):
a) several fittings spaced close together to which branch pipes or tubes are connected;
b) can be a manufactured device or field-assembled; used to distribute water or gas to individual fixtures or appliances or to a group of fixtures or appliances;
c) common uses include PEX water distribution systems and CSST gas distribution systems.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Pipe
a) water service
b) begins at the water meter or at the well head
c) ends at the main water shutoff valve
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Pipes, water distribution:
pipes beginning at the main water shutoff valve that convey potable water to fixtures and appliances in the house.
(True or False)
True
Potable water:
a) water that is safe to drink
b) taste is a consideration
c) visual appeal is a consideration
d) none of the above
a) water that is safe to drink
Press-connect fitting:
a) A proprietary method of connecting copper water supply tubes and valves
b) uses specially designed fittings or a crimping tool to seal the fitting
c) sometimes called a compression fitting
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Push-connect (push-fit) fitting:
a) A proprietary method of connecting water supply tubes and valves that allows the tube to be pushed into the fitting, securing the tube without the use of solder, washers, nuts, or similar components
b) also called Sharkbite
c) also called Probite
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Receptor, shower:
a term sometimes used to describe a shower head.
(True or false)
False
Shower pan
Riser:
a) a vertical plumbing pipe that extends one story or more and connects a valve to a water faucet.
b) A shower riser connects the shower valve to the arm that supports the shower spray head
c) A fixture riser connects the shutoff valves to the faucet.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 pipe refer to the thickness of pipe walls.
a) Schedule 40 pipe has a thinner wall than Schedule 80 pipe.
b) Schedule 40 pipe is more commonly used.
c) Schedule 80 pipe has a smaller internal diameter.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Septic tank:
a) a vessel that receives sewage from the public sewer
b) allows the solids to rise and float, and allows the liquid to drain off into vent trap.
c) Septic tanks are usually made from chocolate, but some are made from corrosion-resistant metal
d) none of the above
d) none of the above
receives from the building sewer pipe
solids settle and decompose, liquids drain into drain (leach field)
made from concrete.
Sewage:
liquid and solids in drainage or sewer pipes that contains animal or vegetable matter or any other impurities.
(True or False)
True
Sewage disposal system (Septic tank)
a) an on-site (individual/private) system that disposes of sewage from a house.
b) A modern system usually consists of a septic tank and drain field
c) Mechanical systems (such as mound systems) are also available.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Sewage ejector pump (AKA Contrast Sump Pump)
a pump that drains a sump filled with sewage and pumps the sewage into the building drain.
(True or False)
True
Sewer (building):
a) a pipe that conveys sewage from the building drain to the public sewer or the private sewage disposal system (septic)
b) begins 30 inches beyond the house exterior walls where it connects to the building drain
c) AKA Sewer Lateral or Building drain
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Sewer (public):
a system that conveys sewage from houses to a central treatment plant, usually owned and operated by a local government.
(True or False)
True
Slip joint:
a) a connection, usually at a sink trap
b) consists of a gasket under a nut that can be removed by hand or with a tool such as pliers
c) must be accessible
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Soldering (sweating) AKA: Contrast Brazing (silver soldering):
a) a method of joining metal pipe and fittings (usually copper)
b) by fusing them together with an alloy made mostly from tin
c) at a temperature below 800° F.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Spigot:
a) the un-enlarged end of a pipe that is inserted into a hub;
b) a nose ring
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
a) unenlarged end of a pipe inserted into a hub
NOTES:
b) should be hose bibb
Stack:
a horizonal drainage or vent pipe that extends more than one story.
True or False
False
vertical drainage
Stack vent:
an extension of a drainage stack that serves as the vent for the stack and fixtures connected to the stack.
(True or False)
True
Standpipe:
a) a pipe used to receive liquid waste from a fixture or appliance, usually a clothes washing machine;
b) a system of pipes and fire department connections intended to provide water for fighting fires;
c) fire fighting standpipes are found in commercial and industrial buildings.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Street bend (elbow):
a bend with a hub on one end and a spigot on the other end.
(True or False)
True
Subdrain AKA: Sewage ejector pump
a) a drain pipe located below the building drain
b) usually occurs when basement plumbing is located below the building drain
c) the sewage is pumped up to the building drain by a sewage ejector pump.
d) all of the above
d) all
Sump (crock):
a) a vessel or pit that sends sewage, waste, storm water, or ground water from around the house foundation
b) a sump is installed above a level where it could drain by gravity,
c) it must be drained by a pump.
d) none of the above
C) it must be drained by a pump
notes:
b) installed BELOW, NOT ABOVE
A) receives sewage, NOT SENDS
Sump pump:
a) a pump that drains a sump filled by storm water or by ground water from around the house foundation.
b) Contrast Sewage ejector pump.
c) both a and b)
d) none of the above
c) both a) and b)
Sweep: A DWV fitting with a 90° direction change
a) The term is more commonly used when referring to cast iron DWV fittings.
b) A sweep may be a long or short .
c) A long sweep has a larger curve radius than a short sweep and may be used in all direction changes
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Tail piece (tailpiece): (Which is correct)?
a) a vertical pipe installed between a sink outlet and a trap
b) a horizontal pipe between a sink outlet and a fitting that runs to a trap.
a) vertical pipe between a sink outlet and a trap
Thermal expansion: (Which is correct?)
a) the tendency of water to expand in volume when heated
b) 50 gallons can expand by 3 gallons or more when heated to about 115° Fahrenheit.
a) tendency of water to expand in volume when heated
Note:
can expand by 1/2 gallon, not 3 when heated to 115F.
Thermal expansion tank:
an enclosed vessel containing air that absorbs the water which has expanded when heated in a storage-type water heater or in a hot water boiler.
(True or False)
True
Toilet (commode, water closet, WC):
a plumbing fixture that receives human excrement and discharges it into the drain pipes.
(True or False)
TRUE
Trap:
a) a component that maintains a water seal to prevent sewer gas from entering the house;
b) a trap may be a separate fitting,
c) a trap may be integrated into a fixture such as a toilet.
d) all of the above
a) all of the above
Trap arm:
Also known as Fixture Drain
(True or False)
True
Trap primer:
a) a device and a pipe that conveys water to a trap to maintain the water seal
b) usually associated with floor drains
c) these fixtures often do not receive enough water to maintain the trap water seal
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Valve: (Which is correct?)
a) a device used to activate and deactivate the flow of a liquid or gas
b) some valves can control the sound of the liquid or gas.
a) activate and deactivate
NOTE
b) some valves can control the FLOW RATE (not sound) of the liquid or gas
Valve, full open (full flow):
a) a valve that has minimal resistance to water flow when open;
b) ball and gate valves are the most common examples in houses.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
c) both
Valve, quick closing:
A valve that closes rapidly to stop the flow of water; typically found on clothes washing machines and dishwashing machines.
Quick closing valves can cause ______ _________.
water hammer
Valve, service (main shutoff):
the valve that activates and deactivates the water flow to the water distribution pipes.
True
Vent, branch:
a vent pipe that connects three or more individual vents to a vent stack or stack vent.
False
two or more, not 3 or more
Vent, pipe:
a pipe that conveys ____.
air
Vent, plumbing:
a) a pipe system that conveys air to help equalize pressure in the drain and waste pipes. The vent system protects the trap water seal from _____________ and ______________.
siphoning
blowout
Vent stack: (which is correct)?
a) a vertical plumbing vent that extends more than one story.
b) Vertical pipe (plumbing): a pipe that is 90° or more relative to horizontal.
a) a vertical plumbing extends more than one story
NOTE:
pipe that is 45° (not 90°) or more
Waste:
liquid in drainage pipes that does not contain feces or urine. Waste pipe: a drainage pipe that does not convey feces or urine.
(True or False)
True
Water closet (WC) AKA TOILET
see Toilet.
Water hammer: (Which is correct?)
a) a thumping or banging noise caused by the sudden stopping of water flow.
b) Water hammer can damage appliances.
a) thumping, banging noise
b) can damage pipes and fixtures
Water hammer arrestor:
a) a device that absorbs the hydraulic shock caused by the sudden stopping of water flow,
b) usually installed near outdoor hoses
a) absorbs HYDRAULIC Shock
NOTE:
usually installed near clothes washing machine and dishwasher water supply connections.
Water flow rate:
The amount of water that comes from a plumbing fixture, usually measured in gallons per minute (gpm). Water flow rate is a function of the
a) pipe type and internal diameter,
b) pipe length,
c) number of elbows between the water source and the fixture.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Water pressure:
a) the amount of force that water exerts on the ____ of a pipe, usually expressed in pounds per square inch (psi).
b) The maximum water pressure is ___ psi.
c) Water pressure exceeding ____ psi should be reduced by installing a water pressure regulator in the water service pipe.
a) walls
b) 80 psi
c) 80 psi
Water pressure regulator:
a) a usually bell-shaped device installed on the water service pipe near where the pipe enters the house and upstream from the water shutoff valve of the house;
b) it is adjustable
c) it reduces water pressure.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
WATER SERVICE AND DISTRIBUTION PIPES
a) The water distribution pipes begin at the main water shutoff valve.
b) Water distribution pipes should be insulated in freezing temperatures.
c) The water service pipe should be installed at least 12 inches below grade or at least 6 inches below the frost line, whichever is deeper.
(d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Small Holes
a) Holes and notches through which pipes are installed should be large enough to allow pipes to move.
b) The hole should be about 2 inches larger than the pipe diameter.
c) The rubbing, clicking, and squeaking noises made by pipes are often the result of a pipe rubbing against concrete
d) all of the above
a) Holes and notches should be large enough to allow pipes to move
NOTES:
b) 1/2 inch larger, NOT 2 INCHES
c) RUBBING AGAINST framing materials, NOT CONCRETE
Pipes Through Foundation Walls
Pipes installed through foundation walls should be protected against breaking by:
a) a relieving arch
b) enclosing the pipe in a green and yellow basket
c) enclosing the pipe in a pair of pants
d) none of the above
a) a relieving arch
NOTE:
b) and c) enclosing the pipe in a SLEEVE
Pipe Support Materials which is correct:
a) Copper hangers should not support galvanized steel pipe
b) Steel straps should not support copper pipe
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
d) both a and b
Water Supply Pipe Size
Home inspectors are not required to determine if pipes sizes are correct.
(True or False)
True
Copper Tubing
a) Copper tubing is used for water service and for water distribution.
b) Copper pipe is a heavier gauge and a larger diameter material that was used for DWV (uncommon).
c) Copper tubing is available as a rigid (drawn) tube or as a flexible coiled (annealed) tube;
d) These are all different forms of the same material
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Copper Tubing Installation
Copper tubing should be supported:
a) horizontally at least every 6 feet
b) vertically every 20 feet
c) both a and b)
d) none of the above
a) horizontally 6 feet
NOTE:
VERTICALLY EVERY 10 FEET, NOT 20 FEET
Copper Tubing Connections
a) Copper tubing is usually connected to other copper tubing using soldered copper fittings, threaded fittings, or push-connect fittings.
b) Drawn copper tubing may be connected to other drawn copper tubing using a press-connect fitting.
c) Copper tubing may be connected using a flared fitting or a compression fitting.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)
a) CPVC pipe is the same as PVC pipe.
b) PVC may be used only for hot water because it has a maximum operating temperature under pressure of 100° F.
c) The expected service life of CPVC pipe is over seventy years.
d) none of the above
d) none of the above
a) CPVC is different from PVC
b) cold water
c) fifty years
CPVC Installation
a) CPVC pipe should be supported horizontally at least every 3 feet and vertically at least every 10 feet.
b) A mid-story guide should be installed for pipes 2 inches and smaller.
c) It should be protected against punctures, breaking, and freezing.
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
CPVC Connections
CPVC pipe is usually connected to other CPVC pipe using:
a) solvent-cemented fittings
b) a threaded fitting
c) push-connect fitting.
d) a threaded adapter fitting
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Galvanized Steel
The expected service life of galvanized steel pipe is about thirty years. Most of this pipe is at or beyond its expected service life
False
False
Fifty years
Galvanized Steel Installation
Galvanized steel pipe should be supported:
a) horizontally at least every 12 feet
b) vertically at least every 15 feet
c) both a and b
d) none of the above
c) both a) and b)
Galvanized Steel Connections (which is correct)
a) Galvanized steel pipe is usually connected to other galvanized steel pipe using threaded fittings.
b) It may be connected to other water supply pipe materials such as CPVC and PEX by using a gooseneck elbow.
a) using threaded fittings
NOTE:
b = threaded adapter fitting. Not a gooseneck elbow.
Galvanized Steel Reported Problems
Galvanized steel pipe presents common problems.
a) It rusts from the inside,
b) Its inner surface becomes rough as it rusts
c) Traps particles and rust in the water
d) reduces the internal pipe diameter
e) all of the above
E) ALL OF THE ABOVE
Note:
Reduced functional flow is a common problem for galvanized steel pipe
PEX Tubing (which is the INCORRECT answer)
a) Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)
b) PEX-AL-PEX is a related product that inserts an aluminum layer in the tubing to act as an oxygen barrier
c) The expected service life of PEX tubing is between 20 and 30 years
d) all of the above
c) 40 and 50 years, not 20 and 30
PEX Tubing Installation
PEX tubing should be supported: a) horizontally at least every 32 inches b) vertically at least every 10 feet. A mid-story guide should be installed c) for tubes 2 inches d) all of the above
d) all of the above
PEX Tubing Connections (choose the BEST answer)
a) The standard connection method uses copper or brass rings that are crimped on to the PEX and the fitting using a special crimping tool.
b) PEX tubing may be connected to other water supply pipe materials to drawn copper tubing only
c) to CPVC by using a push-pop
d) none of the above
a) copper or brass
Notes:
b) not drawn copper tubing only
c) push-connect fitting
PEX Tubing Reported Problems
a) Dezincification occurs when zinc leaches from the fittings creating a white powder that can reduce water flow through the fitting and can weaken the fitting.
b) PEX is known to degrade when exposed to sun-light.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above
c) both a and b
Polybutylene (PB) Tubing Installation
PB tubing should be supported horizontally at least every 32 inches and vertically at least every 4 feet.
It should be protected against all of the following except:
a) punctures
b) breaking
c) freezing
d) heating
d) heating
Polybutylene (PB) Tubing Reported Problems (Choose the best answer)
a) Most problems involve leaks at the fittings
b) PB should be exposed to sunlight
c) Most home inspectors do not report the presence of PB tubing
d) all of the above
a) most problems involve leaks at the fittings
Uncommon Water Pipes (which is incorrect)
a) ABS Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) may be used as water service pipe
b) Brass The expected service life of brass pipe is over fifty years.
c) Lead: The toxicity of lead has also been known for hundreds of years
d) Lead DWV pipe presents the occupants with a high risk of lead exposure. Replacement is required because it is beyond the end of its service life.
d) LOW risk of lead exposure, replacement is prudent, but not required.
Water Connectors
a) Water connectors are short lengths of tubing that are intended for connecting water distribution pipes to fixtures and appliances.
b) Acceptable plastic tubing should have listing information printed on the tubing
000
Water Connector Installation
They should not be bent such that the internal diameter is reduced. They should not be linked together to form a longer connector. They should not be used as a substitute for water distribution pipe. They should not be used as temperature/pressure relief valve extension pipe. They should be accessible over their entire length. This means that they should not penetrate walls, floors, and ceilings.
Water Valves
Required Valves
Ball Valve A ball valve has a rotating ball positioned between a gasket on each side of the ball.
Butterfly Valve A butterfly valve has a metal plate that is positioned in a gasket.
Gate Valve A gate valve has a piece of metal that is moved up and down by a rotating wheel that turns a screw.
Globe Valve A globe valve has a stopper that is positioned between two baffles when closed.
Angle Stop Valves Fixture shutoff valves are often called angle stop valves because the valve outlet is at a 90° angle to the inlet. Angle stop valves can be any type valve such as a ball valve.
Stop and Waste Valve These valves are similar to a globe valve; however, a stop and waste valve has a cap at the side that can be removed to drain water from the downstream portion of piping