Fireplaces and Chimneys

Question 1

INSPECTION SCOPE (Choose the best answer)

a) A fireplace does not burn liquid fuel or gas fuel.
b) An appliance that burns gas or oil in a manner that looks like a wood-burning fireplace is a decorative appliance.
c) Solid-fuel-burning appliances include wood stoves and fireplace inserts.
(d) all of the above

Answer 1

d) all of the above

Question 2

Chimney:

a) a generally vertical structure containing one or more flues that conducts combustion products from a fireplace or fuel-burning appliance to a point outside the house;
b) chimneys are constructed using masonry and metal pipes.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above

Answer 2

c) both a) and b)

Question 3

Chimney cap (crown):

a) the water-tight component at the bottom of a chimney
b) a masonry chimney cap should be made using concrete, metal, or stone
c) a factory-built chimney cap (pan) is usually made using concrete
d) all of the above

Answer 3

b) a masonry chimney cap should be made using concrete, metal, or stone;

NOTES:
The water-tight component at the TOP of a chimney
A factory-built chimney cap (pan) is usually made using METAL.

Question 4

Cleanout (ash dump) is an opening in a fireplace hearth into which ashes may be swept into a pit below.

(True or False)

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Corbel:
the outward horizontal projection of a masonry course beyond the course below; corbelling changes the shape of a chimney, usually for aesthetic reasons, not to be confused with Racking (back), which is usually done to narrow the width of a chimney above the fireplace.

(True or False)

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Creosote: (choose the best answer)

a) A flammable byproduct of properly burning wood
b) Example of Creosote is burning a Duraflame Log
c) Example of Creosote is burning wood without adequate combustion air.
d) None of the above

Answer 6

c) Example of Creosote is burning wood without adequate combustion air.

NOTES:
Creosote is a flammable byproduct of improperly burning wood
Example of Creosote is burning wet wood

Question 7

Cricket (saddle): (Choose the best answer)

a) a small gable-shaped projection that is installed on the low side of where the roof intersects a chimney
b) is more than 40 inches wide parallel to the ridge
c) a cricket diverts water around the chimney.
d) all of the above

Answer 7

c) a cricket diverts water around the chimney.

NOTES:
a small gable-shaped projection that is installed on the HIGH side of where the roof intersects a chimney.

a Cricket is more than 30 inches wide parallel to the ridge.

Question 8

Damper (fireplace):

a) an operable metal plate that opens to allow combustion gasses to flow into a chimney
b) closes to restrict outside air entry into the house when the fireplace is not being used.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above

Answer 8

c) both a) and b)

Question 9

Firebox:

a) the firebox of a fireplace consists of the hearth and the walls from the hearth to the throat of the fireplace. b) also known as a hearth.
c) all of the above
d) none of the above

Answer 9

c) all of the above

Question 10

Fireplace is an opening at the base of a chimney in which a liquid-fuel such as gas may be burned.

(True or False)

Answer 10

Fireplace is an opening at the base of a chimney in which a SOLID-fuel such as WOOD may be burned.

Question 11

Flue: (Choose the best answer)

a) This term most accurately describes a generally horizontal passageway inside a chimney;
b) a chimney can not have more than one flue.
c) Also known as Vent (combustion).
d) an illness that is usually acquired in a community by a virus.

Answer 11

c) AKA Vent (combustion)

NOTE:
Generally a VERTICAL passageway inside a chimney
A CHIMNEY has at least one flue and may have multiple flues.
The illness is spelled without an “e” at the end.

Question 12

Grout (masonry) is mortar that is mixed with a larger than normal amount of water so that it can be poured into the cores of bricks and concrete blocks.

(True or False)

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Hearth:

a) the area directly in front and at the sides of a fireplace opening
b) Also known as a firebox.

Answer 13

b) Also known as a firebox.

NOTE:
the Hearth is the bottom of a fireplace upon which the fire burns.

Question 14

Hearth extension:

a) the area directly in front and at the sides of a fireplace opening;
b) the place where wood is stored for later combustion
c) is intended to provide a safe, noncombustible, surface for embers to land when they escape from the hearth.
d) both a) and c)

Answer 14

d) both a) and c)

Question 15

Lintel (fireplace) is a combustible material, that supports stone or masonry that is installed above the fireplace opening.

(True or False)

Answer 15

False.

Lintel (fireplace) is a NONcombustible material, usually iron or steel.

Question 16

Mantel: (choose the best answer)

a) the decorative facing around a firebox opening;
b) it may consist of a vertical shelf above the firebox opening and horizontal trim at the sides of the firebox opening.
c) The vertical trim is sometimes called the corbels.
d) All of the above

Answer 16

a) the decorative facing around a firebox opening;

NOTES:
It may consist of a HORIZONTAL shelf above the firebox opening and VERTICAL trim at the sides of the firebox opening.

The vertical trim is sometimes called the LEGS.

Question 17

Offset (chimney) IS a change in the direction of a chimney or flue from horizontal.

(True or False)

Answer 17

False

A change in the direction of a chimney or flue from VERTICAL.

Question 18

Racking (back) is the horizontal placement of a masonry course inward from the course below; racking is usually done to narrow the width of a chimney above the fireplace.

Compare and Contrast Racking to Corbels.

Answer 18

Racking is usually done to narrow the width of a chimney above the fireplace; whereas, corbelling changes the shape of a chimney, usually for aesthetics.

Question 19

Rain cap(s) (choose the best answer):

a) a cover over a chimney flue that protects from water entry into the flue, often combined with a spark arrestor
b) rain caps are required
c) AKA: Spark ignitor
d) all of the above

Answer 19

a) a cover over a chimney flue that protects from water entry into the flue, often combined with a spark arrestor

NOTES:
Rain caps are NOT REQUIRED
AKA: Spark ARRESTOR

Question 20

Rumford fireplace:

a) built in the first half of the 19th century, and are out of scope.
b) a fireplace with a tall opening and a shallow hearth that is designed to reflect more heat into the room; these fireplaces are most likely to be found in houses.
c) these fireplaces have the same hearth and firebox dimensions compared to modern masonry fireplaces.
d) all of the above

Answer 20

b) a fireplace with a tall opening and a shallow hearth that is designed to reflect more heat into the room; these fireplaces are most likely to be found in houses.

NOTES:
Rumford FP may be found in any house and are in scope.
These fireplaces have different hearth and firebox dimensions compared to traditional masonry fireplaces.

Question 21

Smoke chamber: (choose the best answer)

a) the area between a masonry fireplace throat and the flue
b) it helps direct the combustion gasses away from the flue
c) is a separate room for smoking cigars
d) none of the above

Answer 21

a) the area between a masonry fireplace throat and the flue

NOTES:
it helps direct the combustion gasses TOWARD the flue.

Question 22

Spark arrestor:

a) spark arrestors are not required in areas that are prone to wildfires.
b) a screen around the perimeter of a chimney flue termination that helps keep hot embers from escaping and causing a fire, often combined with a rain cap
c) AKA: rain ditch
d) None of the above

Answer 22

b) a screen around the perimeter of a chimney flue termination that helps keep hot embers from escaping and causing a fire, often combined with a rain cap

NOTES:

a) Spark arrestors ARE SOMETIMES REQUIRED in areas prone to wildfires
c) AKA: Rain CAP

Question 23

Throat is (Choose the best answer)

a) the opening between a fireplace hearth and the end cap.
b) the opening between a fireplace hearth and the smoke chamber.
c) also called Clamper (fireplace).
d) all of the above

Answer 23

b) the opening between a fireplace hearth and the smoke chamber.

NOTES:
c) Throat is also called DAMPER, not Clamper (fireplace).

Question 24

Fill in the blank for each Masonry Fireplace Component Below:

a) Footing…A masonry fireplace and chimney should be supported on a footing (usually concrete) that is at least __ inches thick and that extends at least ___ inches beyond each side of the fireplace and chimney.

b) Hearth…The hearth should be made from concrete or solid masonry that is at least ____ inches thick and at least ____ inches deep
(_____ inches deep for a Rumford fireplace)

c) Hearth extension…should extend at least ____ inches in front and at least ____inches to each side of a firebox opening that has an area of less than ___ square feet.

d) Firebox walls…Masonry firebox walls should be made from solid masonry, solidly grouted masonry, concrete, or stone. The walls should be at least ____ inches thick if lined with ___ inch thick firebrick.
The walls should be at least _____ inches thick if there is no firebrick lining. The maximum mortar joint width between firebricks is ¼ inch. There should be no cracks within the firebox through which embers could escape.

Answer 24

a) FOOTing…12 inches thick and extends at least 6 inches.
(Study note: there is 12 inches in a FOOT)

b) Hearth…4 inches thick and at least 20 inches deep
(12 inches deep for a RUMFORD FIREplace)

c) Hearth Extension…16 inches in front and 8 inches to each side, area of less than 6 square feet.
(Study note: the words “Hearth Extension” has 16 characters in it including the space)

d) Firebox walls…The walls should be at least 8 inches thick if lined with 2 inch thick firebrick.
The walls should be at least 10 inches thick if there is no firebrick lining.

Question 25

Fireplace Clearances to Combustibles (fill in the blank)

a) Wood framing should be at least ___ inches away from the side of a masonry fireplace and at least ____ inches from the back.
b) Combustible sheathing and siding may touch the outside of the firebox if the sheathing or siding is at least ___ inches from the inside of the firebox.
c) Clearance to Combustible Trim…Combustible trim of any type or thickness may be located at least ___ inches from the firebox opening. Combustible trim such as a mantel should be located at least 6 inches from the firebox opening.
d) Combustible trim located between ____ and ____ inches from the opening should not project from the wall or surround more than ⅛ inch for every inch distance from the fireplace opening.

Answer 25

a) 2, 4
b) 12
c) 12
d) 6 and 12

Question 26

FIREPLACE OPERATING EFFECTIVENESS (choose the best answer)

a) Most fireplaces are inefficient heating systems. Design is a cause.
b) A fireplace with no door covering the opening may send up to 85% of the fireplace heat up the chimney.
c) The combustion air source is often a cause.
d) all of the above

Answer 26

d) all of the above

Question 27

CHIMNEY CONSTRUCTION (Choose the best answer)

a) Footing…Appliance chimneys have the same footing requirements as a fireplace, at least 18 inches thick, and extending at least 10 inches on all sides of the chimney.
b) Construction Materials… Masonry chimneys may be built using solid masonry, hollow masonry with grout-filled cores, stone, or concrete.
c) A chimney wall should be at least 8 inches thick; this is usually 1 wythe of brick.
d) All of the above

Answer 27

b) Construction Materials… Masonry chimneys may be built using solid masonry, hollow masonry with grout-filled cores, stone, or concrete.

NOTES:

a) FOOTing should be at least 12 inches thick and extending at least 6 inches
c) A chimney wall should be at least 4 INCHES thick; this is usually 1 wythe of brick.

Question 28

Significant Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys
include the following, except:

a) Chimney is not plumb (leaning, rotated): possible causes: footing is inadequate size or depth, footing has settled or uplifted, masonry or mortar has deteriorated or has been damaged.
b) Chimney masonry or mortar is absent, presents efflorescence, or is significantly spalled, cracked, or deteriorated:
c) Flue liner is cracked or has gaps between sections: possible causes: chimney was not properly built, chimney has moved, chimney has experienced a fire.
d) None of the above

Answer 28

b) Chimney masonry or mortar is absent, presents effervescence, or is significantly spalled, cracked, or deteriorated.

Should be EFFLORESCENCE!!
Possible causes: chimney has been exposed to excessive water, chimney has been exposed to freeze/thaw cycles, chimney cap is improperly constructed, water is leaking into chimney.

Question 29

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) minor cracks, spalling, deterioration, or efflorescence in chimney mortar,
b) minor cracks or deterioration in chimney cap,
c) lined flue
d) chimney or fireplace too close to combustible materials,

Answer 29

c) lined flue

should be UNLINED flue (usually older houses)

Question 30

FACTORY-BUILT FIREPLACES AND CHIMNEYS
(Choose the best answer)

a) Factory-built fireplaces are also called prefabricated or prefab fireplaces.
b) Factory-built fireplace components are tested separately.
c) Fireplaces that burn only gas-fuels or liquid-fuels are considered fireplaces.
d) all of the above

Answer 30

a) Factory-built fireplaces are also called prefabricated or prefab fireplaces.

NOTES:

b) Factory-built fireplace components are tested together as a system.
c) Fireplaces that burn only gas-fuels or liquid-fuels are NOT fireplaces, they are decorative appliances.

Question 31

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

a) cracked or deteriorated refractory panels,
b) holes in the wall
c) hearth extension wrong size or made from combustible material
d) inadequate clearance to walls or to combustible materials

Answer 31

b) holes in the wall

should be: GAPS between the fireplace cabinet and surrounding materials,

Question 32

Abandoned Chimney: (Choose the best answer)

a) Chimneys have a high potential for water leaks and for providing access into the home for vermin.
b) An abandoned chimney is a deficiency, so demolition would be an upgrade or improvement.
c) BOTH a) and b)
d) None of the above

Answer 32

a) Chimneys have a high potential for water leaks and for providing access into the home for vermin.

NOTE:
b) An abandoned chimney is NOT, by itself, a deficiency, so demolition would be an upgrade or improvement.

Question 33

FIREPLACES INSERTS (choose the best answer)

a) A fireplace insert is an appliance that is installed into a masonry or a factory-built firebox.
b) Fireplace inserts, especially older installations, may not be vented using the chimney
c) This is called direct burn.
d) All of the above

Answer 33

a) A fireplace insert is an appliance that is installed into a masonry or a factory-built firebox.

NOTES:

b) Fireplace inserts, especially older installations, MAY BE vented using the chimney
c) This is called direct CONNECTION.

Question 34

Fill in the blanks for typical defects that home inspectors should report:

a) Chimney and Fireplace Clearance to Combustibles…
A chimney and fireplace can get warm enough, even on the exterior, to cause a change in the chemistry of wood. Also called, ________, it lowers the temperature at which wood ignites.

b) Crickets (saddles) A chimney, or similar obstacle, can block water flow off of a roof. A cricket is recommended if the chimney is wider than ___ inches parallel to the ridge.
c) The cricket should be covered with an appropriate roof covering and flashed as appropriate for the chimney (based and counter flashing for brick and brick veneer chimneys). Cricket height depends on the roof slope and the chimney width; height varies between _______ of the chimney width for lower slope roofs to ______the chimney width for high slope roofs.
d) Creosote Creosote is byproduct of burning _______. Creosote ignition and burning is a common cause of chimney ________.

Answer 34

a) Pyrolysis
b) 30
c) 1/8; 1/2
d) wood; fires

Question 35

Typical Defects, Wood-burning Stoves Typical defects that home inspectors should report, except:

a) cracked or deteriorated refractory panels,
b) door that is not painted red.
c) damaged, cracked, rusted, or deteriorated door gasket or cabinet,
d) inadequate clearance to walls or to combustible materials,

Answer 35

b) door that is not painted red.

doors that damaged or do not latch properly should be reported.

OTHER REPORTABLE ISSUES:

1. Damper stuck or not operating properly,
2. Visible soot around the stove,
3. Evidence of a metal chimney and cap not visible at the chimney termination,
4. Improperly installed, damaged, or rusted chimney connector or chimney,
5. Creosote buildup (often not visible).

Question 36

CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES REDUCTION (Choose the best answer)

a) It is important to note that clearance to combustibles reduction systems do not apply to solid-fuel-burning appliances listed for a clearance of 24 inches or less;
b) these stoves may not be closer than 24 inches to combustibles.
c) The systems may reduce manufacturer recommended side and rear clearances by up to ⅔
d) all of the above

Answer 36

c) The systems may reduce manufacturer recommended side and rear clearances by up to ⅔

NOTE:
A) and B) Clearance is 12 inches or less (NOT 24)

Question 37

INSPECTION SCOPE (Choose the best answer)

a) Rumble fireplaces are allowed and other fireplace designs are purported to work better than the approved masonry fireplace design.
b) A masonry heater is solely a decoration.
c) Many important components of fireplaces, solid-fuel-burning appliances, and chimneys are not visible or are not accessible during a home inspection.
d) All fuel-burning systems are in scope of a home inspection.

Answer 37

c) Many important components of fireplaces, solid-fuel-burning appliances, and chimneys are not visible or are not accessible during a home inspection.

NOTES:
A) RumFORD fireplaces are allowed and other FP designs are purported to work better than the approved masonry fireplace design.
B) A masonry heater is a hybrid that combines features of an appliance and a masonry fireplace.
D) All visible and installed fuel-burning systems are in scope of a home inspection.

Question 38

Inspection of steel fireboxes involves looking for:

a) rust
b) deformation
c) deterioration
d) all of the above

Answer 38

d) all of the above

Question 39

a) Lintel…A noncombustible lintel, usually iron or steel, is often installed above a masonry fireplace opening to support the weight of the fireplace surround. The ends of the lintel should extend at least 4 inches on each side of the firebox opening.
b) Throat…It should be at least 4 inches deep, and the total throat area should be at least large as the flue area.
c) Damper…The damper may be located in the ________ or at the top of the ______. The damper should be operable from the room where the fireplace is located.
d) Dampers that are ______, stuck, or do not completely open or close are common defects.

Answer 39

a) Lintel…4 inches on each side.
b ) Throat…4 inches deep.
c) Damper…located in THROAT or top of FLUE
d) Dampers…ABSENT is a common defect.

Question 40

Fill in the blank for each Masonry Fireplace Component Below:

a) Lintel…A noncombustible lintel, usually iron or steel, is often installed above a masonry fireplace opening to support the weight of the fireplace surround. The ends of the lintel should extend at least __ inches on each side of the firebox opening.
b) Throat…It should be at least ___ inches deep, and the total throat area should be at least large as the flue area.
c) Damper…The damper may be located in the ________ or at the top of the ______. The damper should be operable from the room where the fireplace is located.
d) Dampers that are ______, stuck, or do not completely open or close are common defects.

Answer 40

a) 4
b) 4
c) THROAT, FLUE
d) ABSENT

Question 41

Fill in the blank for each Masonry Fireplace Component Below:

a) Smoke Chamber and smoke shelf…The masonry fireplace smoke chamber and smoke shelf are the area between the fireplace throat and the flue. The visible parts of the smoke chamber and the smoke shelf should be covered with a large coat of ______.
b) Fireplace surround…The visible structure above and at the sides of the firebox opening is sometimes called the surround or the _______.
c) The surround should be securely attached to _______. Look for smoke stains on the surround, especially above the _________;
d) smoke stains could indicate a drafting problem, or that someone forgot to open the damper. Look for ________ and _______ materials.

Answer 41

a) mortar.
b) breast.
c) framing, firebox
d) cracks, loose materials.

Question 42

Fill in the blank for each Masonry Fireplace Component Below:

a) Cleanout (ash dump)…A cleanout is required in a masonry fireplace unless the hearth can be cleaned through the fireplace opening. Should be located within _____ inches from the base of each flue.
b) The opening should be at least ___ inches tall and should be covered with a noncombustible cover; the cover should fit tight. There should be no combustible materials in the cleanout area
c) A gas log lighter…helps start _____ fires. Sealing the pipe entry hole with fire-resistant caulk, and locating the valve outside the firebox.
d) A log lighter requires _____ ignition so testing it is out of scope of a home inspection.

Answer 42

a) 6
b) 6
c) wood
d) manual

Question 43

Rain Cap and Spark Arrestor (Choose the best answer):

a) All chimneys should be equipped with a rain cap and a spark arrestor and are required in most areas.
b) The rain cap and spark arrestor should not unduly interfere with the chimney draft. The area under the rain cap and spark arrestor should be at least two times the area of the flue or flues that it covers.
c) The spark arrestor should block ½ inch diameter spheres and should not block ⅜ inch diameter spheres. The rain cap and spark arrestor should be removable for chimney cleaning and maintenance.
d) all of the above

Answer 43

c) The spark arrestor should block ½ inch diameter spheres and should not block ⅜ inch diameter spheres. The rain cap and spark arrestor should be removable for chimney cleaning and maintenance.

NOTES:

a) All chimneys should be equipped with a rain cap and a spark arrestor; however, NEITHER IS required in most areas so lack of either is not a deficiency.
b) The rain cap and spark arrestor area should be at least 4 TIMES the area of the flue or flues that it covers.

Question 44

Choose the best answer regarding Wood Burning Stoves

a) A wood-burning stove is a free-standing appliance that, as the name suggests, is intended to burn wood.
b) The home inspector must not assume that these stoves are unlisted and are in scope of a home inspection.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above

Answer 44

a) A wood-burning stove is a free-standing appliance that, as the name suggests, is intended to burn wood.

NOTES:
b) The home inspector MAY assume that these stoves are unlisted and have a minimum 36 inch clearance between combustibles and the stove.

Question 45

Wood Burning Stoves (Choose the best Answer):

a) Damper: A wood-burning stove may have a damper in the chimney connector and in the combustion air supply.
b) Pellet stoves: A pellet stove is a wood-burning stove that is designed to burn chicken pellets.
c) both A) and B)
d) None of the above

Answer 45

a) Damper: A wood-burning stove may have a damper in the chimney connector and in the combustion air supply.

NOTES:
b) designed to burn WOOD pellets

Question 46

COMBUSTION AIR (choose the best answer)

Masonry Fireplace Combustion Air openings and Ducts

a) The combustion air intake opening may be outside the house but not in a ventilated attic or crawl space.
b) It should be covered with a ¼ inch mesh screen. The intake opening should be at or below the firebox level. The combustion air outlet should be at the back or at the side of the firebox, or it should be outside the firebox at hearth level and within 24 inches from the firebox.
c) The outlet should have an automatic damper.
d) The combustion air duct or passageway should have an area of at least 3 square inches and not more than 45 square inches.

Answer 46

b) It should be covered with a ¼ inch mesh screen. The intake opening should be at or below the firebox level. The combustion air outlet should be at the back or at the side of the firebox, or it should be outside the firebox at hearth level and within 24 inches from the firebox.

NOTES:

a) The combustion air intake opening may be outside the house OR in a ventilated attic or crawl space.
c) The outlet should have a MANUALLY operated damper.
d) area of at least 6 SQUARE INCHES and not more than 55 SQUARE INCHES

Question 47

A chimney that penetrates directly through the roof should be flashed similar to a metal vent. This includes:

a) thimble (roof jack)
b) a storm collar
c) caulk
d) all of the above

Answer 47

D) ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 48

A chimney that penetrates directly through the roof should be flashed similar to a metal vent. This includes:

a) thimble (roof jack)
b) a storm collar
c) caulk
d) all of the above

Answer 48

d) all of the above

Question 49

Appliances depressurize the room where the fireplace is located including:

a) clothes dryers
b) kitchen exhaust hoods,
c) HVAC returns
d) all of the above

Answer 49

d) all of the above

also, fans, furnaces and water heaters

Question 50

Chimney is located on an outside wall: this reduces the flue temperature and the temperature of the combustion gasses; the stack effect may not fully develop. The combustion gasses could cool before they reach the top of the flue. The gasses could fall back down the flue (backdrafting), could condense in the flue, or both. Gasses that condense in the flue may be acidic and could damage the flue. The ideal chimney location is within the house walls.
•Flue is too large: a flue that is too large may not allow the stack effect to fully develop. The combustion gasses could cool before they reach the top of the flue, resulting in backdrafting or condensation or both.
•Chimney is too short or has excessive offsets: the ideal chimney runs vertical and is tall enough to allow the stack effect to fully develop.
•Chimney location is poor relative to obstructions: the ideal chimney location is near the roof ridge. A chimney that is lower relative to nearby obstructions is more likely to be negatively impacted by wind currents. Wind currents can even force the combustion products back down the chimney.

Answer 50

sd

Question 51

Chimney is located on an outside wall: this reduces the flue temperature and the temperature of the combustion gasses; the stack effect may not fully develop. The combustion gasses could cool before they reach the top of the flue. The gasses:

a) could fall back down the flue (backdrafting)
b) could condense in the flue
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of the above

Answer 51

c) both a) and b)

Note: Gasses that condense in the flue may be acidic and could damage the flue. The ideal chimney location is within the house walls.

Question 52

Ideal Chimney (Choose the best answer):

a) The ideal chimney runs horizontal and is wide enough to allow the stack effect to fully develop.
b) The ideal chimney location is near the roof ridge. A chimney that is lower relative to nearby obstructions is more likely to be negatively impacted by wind currents.
c) Wind currents can not force the combustion products back down the chimney.

Answer 52

b) The ideal chimney location is near the roof ridge. A chimney that is lower relative to nearby obstructions is more likely to be negatively impacted by wind currents.

NOTES:

a) The ideal chimney runs VERTICAL and is TALL enough to allow the stack effect to fully develop.
c) Wind currents CAN force the combustion products back down the chimney.

Question 53

Wood Burning Stoves (Choose the best answer):

a) Wood-burning stoves are not equipped with a circulation fan.
b) The chimney system for a wood-burning stove consists of two components, a chimney connector and an ash collector.
c) The chimney connector is sometimes called a flue pipe or a stove pipe and runs between the stove and the chimney.
d) all of the above

Answer 53

c) The chimney connector is sometimes called a flue pipe or a stove pipe and runs between the stove and the chimney.

NOTES:

a) Wood-burning stoves are SOMETIMES equipped with a circulation fan.
b) The chimney system for a wood-burning stove consists of two components, a chimney connector and a chimney.

Question 54

Chimney Connectors for Wood Burning Stoves (Choose the best answer):

a) The chimney connector is usually a single-wall steel pipe around 6 inches diameter.
b) The minimum single-wall steel pipe thickness is 26 gauge for pipe less than 6 inches diameter and 24 gauge for pipe between 6 and 10 inches diameter.
c) Any non-vertical chimney connector section should slope up at least ¼ inch per foot.
d) All of the above.

Answer 54

d) all of the above

Question 55

Chimney Connectors for Wood Burning Stoves (Choose the best answer):

a) Chimney connector sections should be secured using at least five sheet metal screws or similar mechanical fastener.
b) A single-wall chimney connector may not penetrate floors and can run through an attic.
c) Many masonry chimneys are too large and will not create the necessary draft.

Answer 55

c) Many masonry chimneys are too large and will not create the necessary draft.

NOTES:

a) Chimney connector sections should be secured using at least THREE sheet metal screws or similar mechanical fastener.
b) A single-wall chimney connector may not penetrate floors or ceilings and may not be run through an attic.

Question 56

Choose the best answer:

a) The chimney should terminate above the roof using the masonry chimney 5/4/12 rule.
b) Chimneys terminate through a masonry chimney chase, not directly through the roof.
c) A chimney that penetrates directly through the roof should be flashed similar to a metal vent.
d) None of the above

Answer 56

c) A chimney that penetrates directly through the roof should be flashed similar to a metal vent.

NOTES:

a) 3/2/10 rule.
b) Chimneys terminate EITHER through a masonry chimney chase OR directly through the roof.

Question 57

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

5. creosote buildup in fireplace or chimney,
6. fireplace damper absent, damaged, stuck open or shut, does not seal well,
7. glass door or screen absent, damaged, or does not move easily,
8. gap around gas pipe penetration of firebox,

Answer 57

asd

Question 58

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

a) creosote buildup in fireplace or chimney,
b) fireplace damper absent, damaged, stuck open or shut, does not seal well,
c) soot and ashes caked on glass door
d) gap around gas pipe penetration of firebox,

Answer 58

c) soot and ashes caked on glass door

Note: a glass door or screen absent, damaged, or does not move easily should be reported.

Question 59

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

a) inadequate chimney clearance to combustibles
b) chimney does not extend far enough above roof or sidewalls
c) chimney extends too far above roof without support
d) chimney flashing

Answer 59

d) chimney flashing

Note: inadequate chimney flashing should be reported.

Question 60

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

a) chimney metal pan absent, not sloped to drain water, or otherwise improperly installed, damaged, or deteriorated
b) chimney chase moves or otherwise improperly secured to framing
c) installed shroud
d) improperly installed exterior air components

Answer 60

c) installed shroud

Note: improperly installed shroud should be reported.

Question 61

Typical Defects, Factory-built Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all except:

a) rusted, damaged, warped, or deteriorated chimney
b) chimney sections
c) fireblocking missing or not installed where recommended
d) insulation is in contact with the firebox (viewed looking down from the attic)

Answer 61

b) chimney sections

Note: loose or improperly secured chimney sections should be reported.

Question 62

Fireplace Cabinet (Choose the best answer):

a) Fireplace cabinets are listed for installation on non-combustible floors. Side and rear clearances to framing are usually ½ inch.
b) The refractory panels in the firebox often present hairline cracks. These cracks are usually not an immediate concern.
c) Panels that appear cracked completely through, appear to be crumbling, have a crack wider than ¼ inch, or present other significant deterioration are not usually an immediate concern.
d) The damper is out of scope of a home inspection.

Answer 62

b) The refractory panels in the firebox often present hairline cracks. These cracks are usually not an immediate concern.

NOTES:

a) Fireplace cabinets are listed for installation on COMBUSTIBLE floors. Side and rear clearances to combustible framing are usually ½ inch.
c) Panels that appear cracked completely through, appear to be crumbling, have a crack wider than ¼ inch, or present other significant deterioration SHOULD BE evaluated by a qualified fireplace contractor or chimney sweep.
d) damper should operate reasonably freely and seal reasonably well and is within scope.

Question 63

Hearth Extension (Choose the best answer):

a) The hearth extension should have noncombustible insulation (usually Micor or cement board) under noncombustible finish material.
b) The hearth extension should extend at least 16 inches in front and at least 8 inches to each side of a smaller firebox opening and may need to extend at least 20 inches in front and at least 12 inches to each side of a larger firebox.
c) Any space between the hearth extension and the fireplace cabinet should be sealed so that embers will not fall into the space.
d) all of the above

Answer 63

d) all of the above

Question 64

Clearance to Combustible Trim and Walls (Choose the best answer)

a) The fireplace opening should be at least 12 inches from a sidewall and at least 48 inches to a wall in front of the firebox.
b) A combustible mantel shelf may be located at least 12 inches above the firebox opening.
c) Combustible trim such as a mantel legs should be located at least 6 inches from the firebox opening.
d) all of the above

Answer 64

d) all of the above

Question 65

Chimney (FLUE) (Choose the best answer)

a) A metal chimney should have at least 2 inches clearance to combustible materials including insulation.
b) An insulation shield should be installed if the chimney passes through an insulated area.
c) both a) and b)
d) None of the above

Answer 65

c) both a) and b)

Question 66

Chimney Height and Offsets (Fill in the blank)

a) The minimum chimney height is around ___ feet measured from the bottom of the cabinet;
b) The chimney may have up to ____ elbows.
c) The maximum total chimney offset length is ____feet, measured horizontally.
d) The maximum angle from vertical for any single flue offset is ___ degrees.

Answer 66

a) 15
b) 4
c) 20
d) 30

Question 67

Chimney Termination: (Choose the best answer)

a) The chimney should terminate above the roof using the masonry chimney 6/5/14 rule.
b) Chimneys terminate either through a framed chase or directly through the roof.
c) There should be not more than 3 feet of unsupported metal chimney above the roof or chase.
d) none of the above

Answer 67

b) Chimneys terminate either through a framed chase or directly through the roof.

NOTES:

a) 3/2/10 rule
c) There should be not more than 6 feet of unsupported metal chimney above the roof or chase.

Question 68

Chimney Flue: A flue that penetrates directly through the roof should be flashed similar to a metal vent. This includes a:

a) roof jack
b) a storm collar
c) caulk
d) all of the above

Answer 68

d) all of the above

Note: A roof jack is also called a thimble

Question 69

Chimney Chases: (Choose the best answer)

a) The pan should be sloped to drain water towards the chimney and down the drain pipe.
b) Fasteners should be installed on the sides of the pan, not through the bottom.
c) The pan should be adequately fastened to the chase. Chases such as these should be equipped with straps or other means to secure the chase to the framing.
d) All of the above

Answer 69

c) The pan should be adequately fastened to the chase. Chases such as these should be equipped with straps or other means to secure the chase to the framing.

NOTES:

a) The pan should be sloped to drain water AWAY FROM the chimney.
b) Fasteners should be installed on the sides of the pan, not through the TOP.

Question 70

Chimneys (Choose the best answer):

a) A shroud is metal or another combustible material installed around the termination of a chimney.
b) Fireblocking (firestop) should be installed at each floor level and where the chimney enters the attic.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above

Answer 70

b) Fireblocking (firestop) should be installed at each floor level and where the chimney enters the attic.

NOTE:
a) A shroud is metal or another noncombustible material installed around the termination of a chimney.

Question 71

Chimneys (Choose the best answer):

a) Corbelling and Racking…As a general rule, if a masonry chimney is corbelled
b) it should be corbelled an equal distance on each side of a chimney wall, and the masonry should not extend more than ½ of the chimney wall thickness past the wall.
c) A single corbelled course should not extend past the chimney wall more than ½ of the brick height or ⅓ of the brick depth, whichever is less.
d) All of the above

Answer 71

d) all of the above

Question 72

Chimney size and shape Change (Choose the best answer)

a) A chimney should change size or shape 6 inches above or below where it passes through a floor, ceiling, or roof.
b) A chimney may not be offset from vertical.
c) both a) and b)
d) None of the above

Answer 72

d) none of the above

NOTES:

a) A chimney should NOT change size or shape 6 inches above or below where it passes through a floor, ceiling, or roof.
b) A chimney may be offset from vertical.

Question 73

Chimney Height (Choose the best answer)

a) A chimney should terminate at least 3 feet above where it penetrates the roof and at least 2 feet above any obstruction within 10 feet
b) this is frequently called the 3/2/10 rule.
c) Measurement is between the high side of the roof and the top of the flue.
d) all of the above

Answer 73

d) all of the above

Question 74

Chimney Height (Choose the best answer)

a) A chimney that serves as a vent for a gas-burning or oil-burning appliance should terminate at least 3 feet above the appliance flue outlet.
b) There is no minimum chimney height.
c) A chimney that serves as a vent for gas appliances may not terminate more than 50 feet above the highest connected appliance flue outlet without engineering evaluation.
d) none of the above

Answer 74

c) A chimney that serves as a vent for gas appliances may not terminate more than 50 feet above the highest connected appliance flue outlet without engineering evaluation.

NOTES:

a) 5 feet,, not 3 feet
b) There is no MAXIMUM chimney height.

Question 75

Clearance to Combustibles (Choose the best answer)

a) A masonry chimney should have at least 2 inches clearance to combustible framing materials such as joists and rafters.
b) The minimum clearance to soffit and cornice materials is 1 inch.
c) The edges of combustible sheathing, siding, and flooring materials may touch the side of a chimney if the material is at least 8 inches from the inside edge of the flue.
d) all of the above

Answer 75

d) all of the above

Question 76

Flue Liner (Choose the best answer)

a) A chimney can be lined with any liner.
b) A clay flue liner should extend from the top of the smoke chamber to between 8 and 10 inches above the crown.
c) A space should exist between the liner and the chimney wall; the space should be about the thickness of the flue liner (about ¾ inch).
d) none of the above

Answer 76

c) A space should exist between the liner and the chimney wall; the space should be about the thickness of the flue liner (about ¾ inch).

NOTES:

a) A chimney should be lined with any APPROVED liner.
b) between 4 and 6 inches

Question 77

Mortar (Choose the best answer)

a) The liner should be held in place using refractory mortar.
b) Mortar can protrude into the flue.
c) Gaps or cracks can exist in the mortar and the liner.
d) A liner that changes direction should have unmitered seams between liner sections.

Answer 77

a) The liner should be held in place using refractory mortar.

NOTES:

b) No Mortar should protrude into the flue.
c) No Gaps or cracks should exist in the mortar and the liner.
d) A liner that changes direction should have mitered seams between liner sections; large mortar filled seams may crack.

Question 78

Flue Liner (Relining) (Choose the best answer)

a) A flue may be lined (or relined) using a listed lining system. Flue lining systems are usually made from metal; some systems are corrugated flexible tubes and some are rigid metal.
b) A stainless steel liner is usually used if the flue is intended for solid-fuel or liquid fuel; an aluminum liner may be used for a gas appliance.
c) If a liner is not intended for solid or liquid fuel, a permanent label should be attached in a conspicuous location that identifies the fuels and appliances that may be used with the liner
d) all of the above

Answer 78

d) all of the above

Question 79

Flue Area (Choose the best answer)

a) a round flue area should be at least 1/12 of the fireplace opening area.
b) A rectangular flue area should be at least 1/6 of the fireplace opening area.
c) A triangular flue area should be at least 1/10 of the fireplace opening area.
d) none of the above

Answer 79

a) a round flue area should be at least 1/12 of the fireplace opening area.

NOTES:

b) A rectangular flue area should be at least 1/10 of the fireplace opening area.
c) No listed regulations for a triangular shaped flue area.

Question 80

Masonry Flue Sharing (Choose the best answer)

a) Every fireplace should have its own flue.
b) A fireplace may share a flue with an appliance such as a furnace or water heater.
c) The fireplace should be unsealed if a chimney is used as an appliance vent.
d) none of the above

Answer 80

a) Every fireplace should have its own flue.

NOTES:

b) A fireplace may NOT share a flue with an appliance such as a furnace or water heater.
c) The fireplace should be sealed if a chimney is used as an appliance vent.

Question 81

Chimney Cap (Crown) (Choose the best answer)

a) A chimney cap is not required where it terminates.
b) The cap should be made using mortar, concrete, metal, or stone.
c) Mortar is acceptable to use for a chimney cap.
d) None of the above

Answer 81

d) none of the above

NOTES:

a) A chimney should have a cap where it terminates.
b) Not mortar
c) Mortar is not acceptable because it deteriorates rapidly and requires continuing maintenance.

FYI: Most chimney caps are not constructed properly.

Question 82

Chimney Deterioration (Choose the best answer)

a) Mortar and brick deterioration are common chimney defects.
b) Common mortar defects include hardness and calcification.
c) Common brick defects include spalling and effervescence.
d) both b) and c)

Answer 82

a) Mortar and brick deterioration are common chimney defects.

NOTES:

b) Common mortar defects include ABSENCE and SOFTNESS.
c) Common brick defects include spalling and EFFLORESCENCE.

Question 83

Seismic Reinforcing:

a) Masonry chimneys built in seismic risk areas should be reinforced vertically using steel bars that are embedded in the footing, and horizontally using ties or similar material.

(True or False)

Answer 83

True

Question 84

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) minor creosote buildup in fireplace or flue,
b) fireplace damper absent, damaged, stuck open or shut, does not seal well,
c) cleanout door absent, damaged, does not seal well,
d) non-combustible materials under the hearth, hearth extension, or cleanout.

Answer 84

d) non-combustible materials under the hearth, hearth extension, or cleanout,

COMBUSTIBLE materials must be reported.

Question 85

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) chimney supporting other loads such as antennas,
b) exposed brick cores at a corbeled or racked course,
c) corbeled or racked course horizontal or negatively sloped and could hold water,
d) flue interior smooth

Answer 85

d) flue interior smooth

Note: FLUE INTERIOR NOT SMOOTH should be reported.

Question 86

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) flue sealed
b) glass doors damaged, difficult to use, do not fit the opening
c) hearth extension wrong size or made from combustible material,
d) vent connector openings not sealed.

Answer 86

a) flue sealed

NOTE: abandoned or unsealed flues should be reported.

Question 87

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) Chimney does not have proper clearance to obstructions: possible causes: chimney was not properly built, obstructions were built after original chimney construction.
b) Flue presents no creosote buildup
c) Chimney is offset too far
d) Chimney is improperly corbelled or racked.

Answer 87

b) Flue presents no creosote buildup

If any significant creosote buildup is present, it must be reported.

Question 88

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) Chimney or fireplace presents graffiti from vandalism.
b) Fireplace lintel is bowed.
c) Fireplace lintel is significantly rusted.
d) none of the above

Answer 88

a) Chimney or fireplace presents graffiti from vandalism

NOTE: Should be:
Chimney or fireplace presents smoke stains other than above the firebox opening: possible cause: gaps or cracks exist from which smoke and possibly hot embers are escaping.

Question 89

Other Defects, Masonry Fireplaces and Chimneys Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except for:

a) Fireplace masonry or mortar is absent or significantly cracked or deteriorated:
b) Fireplace has been physically damaged, fires are too hot.
c) Fireplace shares a flue with another fireplace or an appliance.
d) All of the above

Answer 89

d) All of the above