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biologie > pletiva > Flashcards

pletiva Flashcards

1
Q

co jsou to pletiva

A

pletiva jsou soubory morfologicky a fyziologicky stejnych bunek u rostlin

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2
Q

co tvori pletivaa

A

tvoti jednotlive organy - z nich je rostlinny organismus

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3
Q

podle ceho se deli

A

podle funkce, tloustky bunecne steny, delive aktivity

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4
Q

rozdeleni podle tloustky bunecne steny

A

parenchym, sklerenchym, kolenchym, aerenchym

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5
Q

bunecna stena

A

drzi tvar bunky, jsou v ni organicke latky- chytin, anorganicke latky - oxid kremicity, ulicitan vapenaty, impregnace, inkrustace

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6
Q

impregnace

A

organicke latky

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7
Q

inkrustace

A

anorganicke latky

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8
Q

parenchym

A

tenka bunecna stena – velke mezibunecne prostory, v lostech

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9
Q

sklerenchym

A

silna bunecna stena – male mezibunecne prostory, v stene ulozene ruzne latky - chytin, oxid kremicity, v hruskach tzv sklereidy - v duzine

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10
Q

kolenchym

A

nerovnomerne tlusta bunecna stena, slabsi tam kde bunka potrebje komunikovat s okolnim prostredim

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11
Q

aerenchym

A

pletivo vodnich rostlin tvorene bunkami vyplnenymi vzduchem, bunka maji tvar ,,hvezdicek,, — velke mezibunecne prostory a v nih vzduch

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12
Q

rozdeleni podle funkce

A

pletiva kryci, pletiva vodiva a zpevnovaci

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13
Q

pletiva kryci

A

epidermis , rhizodermis, tvoreno vetsinou jednou vrstvou bunke - tvar desticek, tanka stena nebo ztloustla smerem k povrchu nebo cela ztloustla, bunky ruzne tvray, v nich ulozene ruzne latky

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14
Q

epidermis

A

pokozka na povrchu rostlin

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15
Q

rhizodermis

A

pokozka na povrchu korene

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16
Q

bunky plativa kryciho

A

sveraci, vicebunecne kryci trichomi

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17
Q

druhy trichomu

A

zlaznate, zahave, tentakule

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18
Q

pletiva kryci - sveraci

A

kdyz ma rostlina nedostatek vody tak se neuplne sevrou - zpomali se fotosynteza , jsou ze spoda listu , u rostlin na hladine vody - nahore

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19
Q

pletiva kryci - vicebunecne kryci trichomi

A

jednobunecne nebo mnohobunecne, mezi trichomy se drzi vzdusna vlhkost —- rostlina usetri vodu, drzi teplo

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20
Q

vicebunecne kryci trichomi deleni podle tvrau

A

vhlup rozvetvene

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21
Q

priklad vicebunecnych krycich trichomu

A

hluchavka, tykev, divizna

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22
Q

zlaznate trichomi

A

na konci na hore nadrzka s latkou , rymovnik

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23
Q

zahave trichomi

A

koprivy, nadrzka dole, nahore kulicka ktera se odlomi

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24
Q

tentakule

A

zlaznate emergence, prilepi zovocicha postupne ho rozlozi - travici enzymy

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25
Q

pletiva vodiva a zpevnovaci

A

nejznatelnejsi v listech - žilky, bunecne steny vystuzne

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26
Q

floem co vede

A

vede ze zelenych casti rostlin do korene, ktere vyrobi pri fotosynteze nebo uklada,
hromadi se v zasobnich organech - koren- mrkev, cibule- tulipany, narcis

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26
Q

typy vodiveho a zpevnovaciho pletiva

A

floem, xylem

27
Q

xylem co vede

A

vede z korenu vodu do badzemnich casti rostlin tam se odparuje pomoci pruduchhu

28
Q

floem

A

lukova cast

29
Q

xylem

A

drevni cast;

30
Q

cevy ve floemu

A

= vodive elementy floemu, sitkovice

31
Q

cevy v xylemu

A

cevice

32
Q

druhy usporadani cevnich svazku

A

kolateralni, bikolateralni, koncentricke, radialni

33
Q

kolateralni

A

bocne

34
Q

bikolateralni

A

dvoubocne

35
Q

koncentricke

A

soustredne

36
Q

radialni

A

paprscite

37
Q

zesileni cev

A

kruhovite, sroubovite, schodovite

38
Q

trvala zakladni pletiva

A

maji specificke funkce, vyplnuji prostory mezi krycimi a vodnimi pletivy

39
Q

typy trvalich krscich pletiv

A

asimilacni, zasobmi, vodni, aerenchym, vymesovaci, hydatody

40
Q

asimilacni pletiva

A

podileji se na fotosynteze tedy vyrobe organickych latek, v listech

41
Q

zasobni pletiva

A

slouzi k ukladani ruznych latek, napriklad v koreench, hlizach, semenech, skrob

42
Q

vodni pletiva

A

k ukladani vody, casto u rostlin v suchem prostredi, kaktusy, baobaby

43
Q

aerenchym plativa

A

u rostlin ketre rostou ve vode nebo vlhkym podminkach, = vzdusne pletivo

44
Q

vemesovaci pletivo

A

= sekrecni, podileji se na vylucovani latek napriklad silic, pryskyrice nebo jine, ochrana pred zvirat ktere ji pozivaji

45
Q

hydatody

A

vylucuji ve forme kapek = gutace, na okrajich listu a obsahuji kanalky, hydatody pomahaji regulovat vodni bilanci rostlin

46
Q

inděj u hydatod

A

ochranny obal ktery kryje vylucovaci otvory

47
Q

deliva akivita

A

trvala pleti va nebo meristemy

48
Q

trvala pletiva

A

ztraceji schopnost deleni

49
Q

meristemy

A

neztraceji schopnost deleni

50
Q

delive pletiv a

A

=meristemy,=meristematicke bunky

51
Q

typy meristemu

A

puvodni meristem, prvotni = primarn,i, druhotny = sekundarnri, utajen=latentni,

52
Q

puvodni meristem

A

= protomeristem, vzrostny vrchol stonku a korene , rustove zony listu, zarodky

53
Q

prvotni meristem

A

=primatrni, vznika dlenim bunek iniciály, vzniks z prootomeristemu, dcerine bunky postupne ztraceji delivou schopnist a diferencuji se v bunky trvalych pletiv

54
Q

iniciály

A

ve vrcholových catsech stonku ( konec vetve, okraje stonku, spiska korene) - bunky ketre se neustale deli a tim zpusobuji rust koncovych casti, vytvari primarni meristem

55
Q

druhorny

A

=sekundarni, vznika obnovenim delive funkce trvaleho pletiva, př. felogen a kambium, prestali se dleit pote delivou schopnost obnovilyu

56
Q

tajený

A

=latentní, bunky jsou mezi bunkami trvalych pletiv achovavaji se delivou schopnost, napriklad pericykl, perikambium

57
Q

kambium

A

vytvari letokruhy, oddeluje drevni cast do stredu a lykovou ven , diky nemu tloustne stonek soucasti zakladnich pletiv i cevnich svazku

58
Q

felogen

A

nachazi se pod krycim pletivem, zaplnuje trhliny ve stonku, vytvrai smerem fo stredu zelenou kuru ven korkove pletivo

59
Q

korkove pletivo

A

popropustne por vodu a vzduch, lenticley - diry

60
Q

lenticely

A

=dirky, umoznuji komunikaci stonku s vnejsim okolim

61
Q

borka

A

odloupla kura stromu

62
Q

korkovy dub

A

silne korkove pletivo, vyuziti : korkove zatky, izolantc

63
Q

o vede asimilacni proud a jakou catsi cevniho svazku

A

organicke latky floem

64
Q

letokruhy

A

vznikaji cinnosti kambia, vypovidaji o stari rostliny, vytvari se u drevin

65
Q

co vymesuje latex

A

trbicove utvary - mlecnice vymesuji latex

66
Q

jakou casti cevniho svazku je vedem transpiracni proud

A

= voda a mineralni latky, korenem, stonekem, xylem

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