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Echo 1 > PLAX- MMT And Doppler, Etc > Flashcards

PLAX- MMT And Doppler, Etc Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Bernoulli equation?

A

P1-P2=4V^2

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2
Q

What is the best order to take images?

A
  1. 2D
  2. Colour
  3. Spectral
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3
Q

Compare/contrast PW and CW

A

PW- samples from a specific area, used for lower velocities
CW- samples entire scan line, used for high velocities

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4
Q

Why don’t we use spectral on the MV valve in PLAX?

A

It isn’t a 0 degree angle. Colour is good for assessing MR

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5
Q

What is a normal CW peak velocity through the TV?

A

<2.7 m/s

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6
Q

How do you calculate RVSP?

A

RVSP= 4(peak TR)^2 + RAP

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7
Q

What is normal RVSP?

A

<35 mmHg

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8
Q

What measurement would the IVC be considered dilated?

A

> 21mm

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9
Q

What type of flow would be seen as red in the PLAX view on the RVOT side of the PV during diastole?

A

Pulmonary regurgitation

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10
Q

What would the RAP be for the following:
IVC exp = 24 mm
IVC sniff = 15mm

A

RAP = 15 mmHg

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11
Q

Calculate RVSP:
TR peak velocity = 2.6 m/s
IVC exp = 25 mm
IVC sniff = 9 mm

A

RVSP= 4(2.6)^2 + 8
=25mmHg

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12
Q

Which chamber is most anterior in PLAX?

A

RV

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13
Q

Which cusps of the AV are seen in PLAX?

A

Right and non-coronary cusps

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14
Q

What does the extra depth image assess?

A

Pericardial or pleural effusions

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15
Q

What PLAX measurements are taken at end-diastole?

A

IVS, LIVDd, LVPW, AO sinus, ST junction and ascending AO

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16
Q

What measurement is taken mid-systole?

A

LVOT diameter

17
Q

What measurement is taken end-systole?

A

-LVIDs
-LA

18
Q

What is normal IVS measurements for men and women?

A

Men <11mm
Women <10mm

19
Q

What is normal LVIDd measurement for men and women?

A

Men <59mm
Women <53mm

20
Q

What is another name for LV posterior wall?

A

Inferolateral wall

21
Q

What is normal measurement for LV posterior wall for men and women?

A

Men <11mm
Women <10mm

22
Q

What is average normal measurement for LVOT diameter?

A

18-22mm

23
Q

What is calculated from LVIDd and LVIDs?

A

Teicholz linear EF
Fractional shortening

24
Q

What is normal LA measurement for men and women?

A

Men <41mm
Women <39

25
Q

What is normal fractional shortening (FS)

A

25-47%

26
Q

What info does fractional shortening give?

A

Gives information about the systolic function of the heart

27
Q

What is normal Teicholtz EF?

A

> /=55%

28
Q

Why is Teicholtz not 100% accurate?

A

Because it takes dimensions and extrapolates a volume from them and makes general assumptions (ie. symmetric contractility, etc)

29
Q

What is normal LV mass index for men and women?

A

Men <115g/m2
Women <95g/m2

30
Q

Compare concentric remodelling with eccentric geometry

A

Concentric the muscle thickens but overall size stays the same, eccentric the overall size of the heart gets larger but the muscle wall thickness remains the same

Echo 1 (12 decks)

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