Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Marine Invertebrates > platyhelminthes > Flashcards

platyhelminthes Flashcards

1
Q

phyla

A

catenulida
rhabitophora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

rhabitophora groups

A

turbellaria
castoda
monogenea
trematoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anatomic parts of a turbellarian

A

gastrovascular cavity, mesenchyme, muscle layers, ciliated epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

parts of the ciliated epithelium

A

mucus glands
rhaboids/rhabdites
duogland adhesive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

muscular layers

A

circular
diagonal
longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

modes of locomotion for turbellarians

A

undulatory swimming
ciliary gliding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

local examples of turbellarians

A

stylochus zebra
bdelloura candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

turbellarian nutrition and feeding

A

incomplete gut
pharynx may be present, may be extended
scavengers and predators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

explain examples of gut and pharynx types

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nervous system of turbellarians

A

ladder like nervous system
- cephalization
- anterior cerebral ganglion
- longitudinal nerve cords
- transverse connectives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sensory structures of turbellarians

A

chemoreceptors
ocelli
statocysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

protonephridia

A

drain fluid from tissues and remove nitrogenous wastes along with them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

reproduction in turbellarians

A

generally occurs by copulation
hermaphroditic animals
reciprocal copulation is common
direct development of young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

turbellarian gonads

A

hermaphroditic
- male gonads: intermittent organ (= penis)
- female gonads - complicated egg structure with protective casing, nutritive yolk, very energy expensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reciprocal copulation

A

in turbellarians
both hermaphroditic animals fertilized at the same time
- hypodermic insemination can happen if there is no female gonophore for sperm to enter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

direct development

A

in turbellarians
no larval stage; hatching stage produces a juvenile that is similar to parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

turbellarian eggs

A

laid in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

turbellarian eggs

A

laid in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hypodermic insemination

A

in turbellarians where there is no female gonophore, male intermittent organ has a stylet that can pierce through the skin of another individual, and the sperm can travel to the ovoid
* in some species, the stylet is discarded and regenerated after each use, possibly to avoid STDs??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

penis fencing

A

occurs in only some species of turbellarians
both individuals fight to be the one to inseminate the other (thru hypodermic insemination??) in an attempt to pass on their genetic material and avoid energy expenditure of carrying offspring and reproducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lonely flatworms :(

A

in some species, it has been shown that if isolated, they will attempt to inseminate themselves
*unclear if this is successful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Muller larva

A

in turbellarians
ciliated, oral flap, apical tuft, 8 ciliated tufts?
fun fact- used as the model for a pokemon

22
Q

Platyhelminthes major groups

A

Planaria, tapeworms and flukes

23
Q

Platyhelminthes orders (or just subgroups maybe?)

A

Catenulida
Rhabditophora
Turbellaria

24
Q

Catenulida

A

Subgroup of platyhelminthes
- simple pharynx
- sac like gut

25
Q

Rhabditophora

A

Subgroup of Platyhelminthes
- poses rhabdites
- duogland adhesive system

26
Q

Turbellaria

A

Subgroup of Rhabditophora
Free living, commensal, and parasitic

27
Q

Subgroups of Rhabditophora

A

Turbellaria
Cestoda
Monogenea
Trematoda

28
Q

Physical features of a Turbellarian

A

Body wall
Mesenchyme
Gastrovascular cavity

29
Q

Body wall of a Turbellarian

A

Contains ciliated epithelium and muscle layers

30
Q

Ciliated epithelium of a Turbellarian

A

Always Ciliated on the ventral side, sometimes but not always Ciliated on other areas
- mucus gland cells sit between epithelial cells
- rhaboids and rhabdites discharged from the epithelium in elongated packets- make up the duogland adhesive system

31
Q

Translocation in Turbellaria

A

Ciliary gliding- cilia beat in a coordinated manner, accompanied by mucus production in order to reduce friction
- pure ciliary gliding only works for smaller animals, in larger it is aided by muscular action

32
Q

Muscle layers of turbellaria

A

Circular
Diagonal
Longitudinal

33
Q

Turbellarian locomotion

A

Undulatory swimming
Ciliary gliding

34
Q

Undulatory swimming

A

Locomotion in Turbellaria

35
Q

Local Turbellarian examples

A

Stylochus zebra
Bdelloura candida

36
Q

Rhaboids and rhabdites

A

Solid (mucus) structures that can be discharged by the epithelium
Elongated packets
Rhaboids- intracellular
Rhabdites- intercellular
- melt when discharged

37
Q

Duogland adhesive system

A

3 cell system
2 balloon/upside down vase like cells with a circular cell sandwiched between
1st cell: viscid cell, produces adhesive
2nd cell: anchor cell
3rd cell: produces solvent to break down the adhesive

38
Q

Function of rhaboids and rhabdites

A

May help facilitate locomotion, subdue prey
Hard to prove these experimentally

39
Q

What are triploblasts?

A
40
Q

Germ layer

A

Later that forms in an early embryo that will correspond to certain tissues and structures in adults

41
Q

Layers of triploblasts

A

Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm

42
Q

Ectoderm

A

Outer covering of adult epithelium

43
Q

Endoderm

A

Gut and structures off of the gut

44
Q

Mesoderm

A

Muscle

45
Q

Which layers do cnidarians have?

A

Ectoderm and endoderm
(All other animals are triploblasts, aka they have mesoderm)
*cnidarians do still have muscles, but they just form in a different way

46
Q

Triclads

A

3 major branches of Gastrovascular cavity- 1 anterior and 2 posterior lateral (plus lots of minor branching)
Extendable pharynx that attaches to the gvc
Mouth opening at the end of the pharynx

47
Q

Polyclads

A

Gastrovascular cavities highly branched
Scavengers- attracted to organic acids given off by decaying bodies

48
Q

Cephalization

A

Collection of nervous tissue near the anterior end

49
Q

Why does cephalization exist

A

Concentration of nerves and sensory tissues on the anterior end when the animal has a preferred direction of movement helps it quickly analyze its environment

50
Q

Turbellarian nervous system and sensory structures

A

Ladder like nervous system with:
Cephalization
Cerebral ganglion
Longitudinal nerve cords
Transverse connectives

51
Q

Turbellarian sensory structures

A

Ocelli
Chemoreceptors (often on auricles)
Statocysts

52
Q

Protonephridia

A

Network of flame cells etc in Turbellaria
Draining fluid from the tissues and removing nitrogenous waste

Marine Invertebrates (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions