Plate tectonics Flashcards

After midterm 1

1
Q

Which is more dense, a continental plate or oceanic plate

A

Oceanic plate is more dense - 3.0g/cm^3
Continental plate is less dense - 2.7g/cm^3

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2
Q

Oceanic plates are composed of what type of rock

A

Basaltic rock

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3
Q

Continental plates are composed of what type of rock

A

silica rich

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4
Q

At what rate do lithospheric plates move

A

cm/year

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of lithospheric plate boundaries

A

Divergent, convergent, transform

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6
Q

Are divergent boundaries tension or compression

A

Tension

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7
Q

Do divergent boundaries create r destroy crust

A

they’re constructive, so they create crust

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8
Q

in divergent boundaries, new lithosphere can be created by what

A

volcanism

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9
Q

What is an example of a divergent plate boundary rift valley

A

east-African rift valley

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10
Q

Divergent plate boundaries typically create continental or oceanic crust

A

oceanic crust

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11
Q

The mid-Atlantic ridge is what type of boundary

A

ocean-ocean divergent

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12
Q

Why is there a lot of volcanic activity in Iceland

A

the mid-Atlantic ridge passes through it

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13
Q

What kind of deposits do we find at divergent plate boundaries

A

metal deposits

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14
Q

Is convergent plate boundaries compression or tension

A

Compressions, they’re in collision

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15
Q

Convergent:
the_______ plate is forced beneath the other and down into
the mantle, this process is known as subduction

A

denser

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16
Q

Do subduction zones have shallow or deep earthquakes

17
Q

Is mt Fuji and Mt St Helens on a divergent or convergent boundary

A

convergent, its at a subduction zone

18
Q

Do convergent or divergent have higher heat flow?

A

Divergent has a high heat flow. Convergent has a low heat flow. Relative to the geothermal gradient

19
Q

if we have a oceanic-oceanic boundary, which plate will subduct

A

the cooler and more dense one

20
Q

Oceanic-oceanic can cause: a trench, volcanism, islands arcs

A

All of those

21
Q

Which type of convergent boundaries are most powerful

A

oceanic-continental
continental-continental

22
Q

Which type of convergent boundary does subduction not occur

A

continent-continent
instead mountains are built

23
Q

The Alps and Himalayas are examples of what type of plate boundary

A

Convergent continental-continental

24
Q

Which type of convergent boundary has little to no volcanism

A

continent-continent

25
Which type of boundary does lithospheric material neither be created nor consumed
Transform
26
Are the earthquakes from transform boundaries shallow or deep? and what is their intensity
Shallow but destructive earthquakes
27
Which of the following occurs at a transform boundary: subduction, volcanism, trench, earthquakes
earthquakes
28
transform faults are generally found ____________ to divergent ocean rift zones such as the Mid-Atlantic ridge
perpendicular
29
Are hot spots associated with plate boundaries
No
30
Describe how hotspots work
Mantle plume: upwelling of hot rocks in convectional cells in the mantle to the base of the lithosphere  Heat from the plume melts overlying rocks and magma seeps up to surface creating a volcano.
31
Hot spots leave clues and can tell us about the movement of ______
plates
32
Can use _______ evidence to work out direction, speed of plate movement over time
hotspot