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Physiology > Plasma Proteins > Flashcards

Plasma Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the physical charecteristrics of blood.

A
  1. Sticky and opaque fluid
  2. Colour: Scarlet (oxygen rich) to dark red (oxygen poor)
  3. Osmolarity: 300 mOsm
  4. Salinity: 0.85% concn of NaCl
  5. pH: 7.35-7.45
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2
Q

How much of the body weight does blood account for?

A

8%

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3
Q

What is the average volume of blood in the human body?

A

Men: 5-6 L
Women: 4-5 L

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4
Q

What is the function of blood?

A
  1. Transports substances
  2. Maintain particular substances in the blood
  3. Body protection (immunity)
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5
Q

How many plasma proteins are there in the blood?

A

Around 300

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6
Q

Where are plasma proteins synthesised?

A
  1. All proteins except immunoglobulins: Liver
  2. Immunoglobulins: Plasma cells
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7
Q

What are the functions of plasma proteins?

A
  1. Transport
  2. Protein reserve
  3. Viscosity
  4. Maintaining blood oncotic pressure
  5. Buffering Blood
  6. Fights infections
  7. Provides humoral immunity
  8. Blood Clotting
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8
Q

Which is the most abundant plasma protein?

A

Albumin (60%)

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9
Q

What are the functions of albumin?

A
  1. Transport of substances
  2. Maintenance of colloid osmotic pressure
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10
Q

What substances does albumin transport?

A
  1. Metal ions: Cu and Fe
  2. Bilirubin
  3. Bile acids: Recycled from intestine by sending to liver through hepatic portal vein
  4. Hormones: Steroid and Thyroid
  5. Free fatty acid: From adipose tissue to other tissues
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11
Q

How does albumin maintain colloid osmotic pressure?

A

The proteins in the blood are large and cannot pass through the blood vessel walls, hence, drawing water to the circulatory system through osmosis.

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12
Q

What is edema and what causes it?

A

Edema is fluid retention in tissues. It is caused when proteins are reduced in the plasma:
1. By proteinuria
2. or malnutrition

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13
Q

What are the types of globulins?

A
  1. Alpha 1
  2. Alpha 2
  3. Beta
  4. Gamma
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14
Q

What are the functions of alpha and beta globulins?

A

They are involved in the transport of:
1. Lipids
2. Lipoproteins
3. Vitamin B12
4. Vitamin A, D, K
5. Thyroxine
6. Steroid
7. Cholestrol
8. Bilirubin
9. Iron
10. Copper
11. Hormones

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15
Q

What are the different gamma globulins?

A

IgE, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgM

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16
Q

For how long do maternal globulins protect infants?

A

6-9 months

17
Q

What are functions of fibrinogens?

A
  1. Blood viscosity
  2. Clotting
18
Q

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

A

Serum: Without clotting factors
Plasma: With clotting factors

Physiology (7 decks)

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