plants Flashcards
plants are classified into
non-vascular (by pores), vascular
no phloems and xylems, by *
pores
non-vascular
non-vascular examples:
algae {brown algae, pheophyceae} {red algae, rhodophyceae} {green algae, chlorophyceae} Bryophytes (mosses - no roots, leaves & stem}
pheophyceae
brown algae
rhodophyceae
red algae
chlorophyceae
green algae
Bryophytes
mosses
nonvascular
Classification of vascular
pteridophytes (by spores) seed plants (by seeds)
Vascular by spores
pteridophytes
example of vascular {pteridophytes}
ferns
* roots, stems, uses spores
classification of plants by seeds
angiosperm, gymnosperm
gymnosperms “’
cone-bearing
example ofgymnosperms
pine trees
no flowers, only cones
angiosperms “”
flowering plants
corn, rice, coconut, banana, pineapple, talahib, carabao grass
monocot
mango, langka, potato, gumamela
dicot
father of genetics
gregor mendel
experimental plant
pisum sativum
a gene’s alternative form for a certain trait
allele
having two of same allele (AA or aa); purebred
homozygous
having two different alleles
Heterozygous
allele of man
XY hemizygous
expressed allele
dominant
hidden or masked allele
recessive
physical characteristics (physical manifestation)
phenotype
actual genetic composition
genetoype
organisms with same characteristics as the parent and are results of multiple self pollination
true breeding
crossing or mating of true breeding plants
hybridization
P generation
parental generation
F generation
filial generation (first, second)
an approach used to visualize the genotypes and phenotypes resulting from the combination of gametes during fertilization
punnet squares
genes are not completely dominant and the heterozygotes appear to have a phenotype of combination of both parental traits
incomplete dominance
two alleles each affect the phenotype separately
codominance
genes are expressed by more than two allelic alternative forms (ABO Blood group)
multiple allele
a single gene controls more than one phenotype; a chain reaction (ex: sickle cell disease)
pleiotrophy
genes located in the sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes for humans)
sex-linked chromosome
circle
woman
square
man
reproductive organ of male
stamen
reproductive organ of female
pistil/carpel
stamen {2}
filament, anther
carpel {3}
stigma, style, ovary
produces pollen grains
anther of stamen
develops into fruit after pollination
bears the *
ovary
ovule
plant structure that develops into a seed when fertilized
ovule