plants

Question 1

Kingdom Plantae:

Answer 1

Earliest eukaryotes adopted cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis becoming chloroplast as they separated from green algae at least 800 million years ago

Question 2

First plants were aquatic:

Answer 2

stonewort

Question 3

Oldest fossils in china

Answer 3

1bya

Question 4

Our life cycle

Answer 4

adult humans have two copies of each chromosome in each cell (diploid)

Question 5

Human’s gametes (sperm or egg)

Answer 5

single celled and contain only one copy of each chromosome haploid

Question 6

Alternation of Generations:

Answer 6

They have two alternating phases; a diploid (2N) producing haploid spores and a
haploid (N) phase which fuse together producing diploid gametes

Question 7

Gametophytes:

Answer 7

are haploid have one copy of each chromosome per cell (grows from spores and produce gametes when mature)

Question 8

Sporophytes

Answer 8

are diploid 2 copies (grows from zygote from gametes fusing and produce spores when mature)

Question 9

Major evolutionary trend:

Answer 9

Land plants evolved gametophyte stage reduced sporophyte became larger becoming main form for plants

Question 10

Bryophytes examples and main form

Answer 10

mosses, liverworts, hornworts non vascular gametophyte main form

Question 11

Mosses main form

Answer 11

main form is gametophyte

Question 12

Monilophytes main form and example and structure

Answer 12

Vascular, seedless sporophyte main form
-fern/horse tail

Question 13

Gymnosperms main form/ features

Answer 13

Developed features allowing them to thrive into modern times: (first plants to produce seeds, Most have needle or scale like leaves but complex, capable of secondary growth) Sporophytes now dominant form while gametophytes are extremely reduced
vascular

Question 14

Coniferophytes:

Answer 14

Conifers are the most successful gymnosperm group.

Question 15

Tallest Plant:

Answer 15

Hyperion tree

Question 16

Conifers main form

Answer 16

gametophytes (

Question 17

Angiosperms-

Answer 17

Include all grasses and plants which produce flowers Most successful taxon of land plants
vascular
sporophyte main form

Question 18

Flower anatomy

Answer 18

Flowers contain reproductive part of the plant and often serve to attract pollinators (symbiosis)
Stamens: male reproductive part Produce pollen

Carpel- Female reproductive part contain ovule

Question 19

Flowers and pollinators:

Answer 19

Many flowers are structured to attract other organisms to spread their pollen (symbiotic relationship).

Question 20

Fruits

Answer 20

Developed as a way for angiosperms to spread their seeds through symbiotic relationships

Question 21

Symbiosis example

Answer 21

Clownfish and anemones

Question 22

3 phyla of seedless vascular plants

Answer 22

Lycophyta (club mosses)
Arthrophyta (horsetails)
Pterophyta (ferns)

Question 23

Two types of vascular tissue and describe

Answer 23

Xylem : transport water upwards
Phloem:transport nutrients and carbs from photosynthesis

Question 24

Functions of root/leaves/stems

Answer 24

Root: absorption
Leaves:photosynthetic
Stems:supporting

Question 25

Monocot vs dicot

Answer 25

Monocots have one seed leaf, or cotyledon, in the plant embryo, dicots have two

Question 26

Non vascular meaning

Answer 26

No complex tissue or lack of it can’t transport water