Plants Flashcards
What are the parts of a plant cell (7)
- Nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- cell wall
- vacuole
- chloroplast
- mitochondria
Equation for photosynthesis
Sunlight
Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
Chlorophyll
Cell wall
Keeps the cell rigid
Cell membrane
Controls what Exeter’s and exits the cell
Chloroplast
Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis to create energy (food)
Cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions happen
Vacuole
Stores cell sap and helps keep the cell rigid
Mitochondria
Use food for energy
Nucleus
Controls the cells activities and contains genetic information
How is glucose stored in a plant
As starch
What do plants use glucose for (5)
- Respiration
- converted to starch for storage
- used to make cellulose
- proteins
- oils
How do you test a leaf for starch (5)
- put the leaf in boiling water
- put the leaf in boiling ethanol
- wash with water
- flatten it and use drops of iodine
- blue/black means it is present yellow/brown means it’s not
What does boiling a leaf in water do
Kills leaf and destroys cell membrane
What does boiling a leaf in ethanol do
Removes chlorophyll/ decolouration
What colour does a leaf in light turn when tested with iodine
Blue/black - it was photosynthesising so starch is present
What colour does a leaf in dark turn when tested with iodine
Orange/brown - no photosynthesis therefore no starch
What colour do variegated leaves turn when tested with iodine
Green turns blue/black, white turns orange/brown - the part that is green contains chlorophyll
What colour does a leaf with no carbon dioxide turn when tested with iodine
Orange-brown - no photosynthesis therefore no starch
What experiment tests what happens to leaves if they had no CO2
Put a plant in a jar without CO2 and create a control jar
What apparatus is needed for a jar to test what happens to a plant without CO2 (3)
- sodium hydroxide filled container
- glass jar
- plant
What apparatus is needs for a control jar to test the affect of CO2 on plants (3)
- water filled container
- glass jar
- plant
Stoma
Pore in the underside of a leaf. Surrounded by two guard cells that control its opening and closing. Allows gases to pass into or out of leaf.