Circulatory System

Question 1

Parts of a red blood cell to label

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

Parts of a phagocyte to label

Answer 2

• nucleus
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm

Question 3

5 parts of blood

Answer 3

• red blood cells
• phagocytes
• lymphocytes
• platelets
• plasma

Question 4

Red blood cells adaptations

Answer 4

• contain haemoglobin for transport of oxygen
• no nucleus
• bi concave shape

Question 5

What do Phagocytes do

Answer 5

• engulf and digest bacteria

Question 6

Lymphocytes

Answer 6

• defence against disease
• produce antibodies

Question 7

Platelets

Answer 7

Clot blood

Question 8

Plasma (5)

Answer 8

• transports CO2
• soluble food
• urea
• hormones
• heat distribution

Question 9

What is the heart

Answer 9

Organ made of muscle that contracts to pump blood around the body.

Question 10

What vessels supply the heart muscle with blood

Answer 10

Coronary vessels

Question 11

Where do arteries transfer blood to

Answer 11

To the body from the heart

Question 12

Where do veins transport blood to

Answer 12

From the body to the heart

Question 13

Where do capillaries transfer blood to

Answer 13

To respiring cells

Question 14

Which side of the heart is thicker and why

Answer 14

left as the left ventricle pumps blood to the entire body

Question 15

draw and label the heart

Answer 15

{look in book}
- aorta
- vena cava
- pulmonary vein
- pulmonary artery
- left atrium
- right atrium
- left ventricle
- right ventricle
- tricuspid valve
- bicuspid valve
- semi lunar valves

Question 16

valves

Answer 16

prevent back flow of blood

Question 17

what blood do veins carry

Answer 17

deoxygenated

Question 18

what blood do arteries carry

Answer 18

oxygenated

Question 19

adaptations of veins (3)

Answer 19

• wide lumen
• thin muscle wall
• valves

Question 20

adaptations of arteries (2)

Answer 20

• small lumen
• thick muscle wall

Question 21

adaptations of capillaries (2)

Answer 21

• one cell thin wall
• semi permeable wall

Question 22

Movement of blood through the heart starting at respiring cells

Answer 22

respiring cells - veins - vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - semi lunar valve - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - bicuspid valve - left ventricle - semilunar valve - aorta - arteries- capillaries - respiring cells

Question 23

What type of circulatory system is ours

Answer 23

Double circulatory system

Question 24

What is a double circulatory system

Answer 24

one system for the lungs (pulmonary) and one for other organs of the body (systemic)

Question 25

Parts of a vein/ artery to label

Answer 25

• tough outer coat
• muscle layer
• endothelium
• lumen

Question 26

Atheroma

Answer 26

Eating too much cholesterol ( a type of saturated fat) forms atheroma, a sticky substance in the blood. This can form a plague buildup in the arteries that leads to high blood pressure or clots. This can cause a heart attack or stroke. The condition is know as atherosclerosis.

Question 27

risk factors for cardiovascular disease (8)

Answer 27

• consuming too much salt and fat
• high blood pressure
• high cholesterol
• smoking
• lack of exercise
• diabetes
• obesity
• family history

Question 28

effects of cardiovascular disease on the body (5)

Answer 28

• chest pain
• strokes
• heart attacks
• reduced cardiovascular fitness
• heart failure

Question 29

what are the treatment for cardiovascular disease (3)

Answer 29

• statins
• angioplasty
• changes to lifestyle/exercise

Question 30

statins

Answer 30

a daily medication to control blood cholesterol levels

Question 31

Angioplasty

Answer 31

Surgery to place a small ballon in a vessel which is inflated to remove a blockage

Question 32

Changes to lifestyle/diet

Answer 32

Stooping smoking, regularly exercising and eating more healthy food can reduce risk and lower blood pressure

Question 33

Advantages of statins

Answer 33

• lower cholesterol
• may protect against Alzheimer’s

Question 34

Disadvantages of statins (4)

Answer 34

• headaches
• memory loss
• linked to type 2 diabetes
• need to be taken long term

Question 35

Disadvantages of angioplasty

Answer 35

• heart attack
• a stroke
• excessive bleeding
• sometimes only temporary

Question 36

Advantages of angioplasty (3)

Answer 36

• Increases blood flow
• minimally invasive
• short recovery time

Question 37

Advantages of changes to lifestyle/ diet

Answer 37

Can lower blood pressure and reduce risk of CVD

Question 38

Disadvantages of changes to life/diet

Answer 38

Require high level of self discipline. Need to be maintained long - term.