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Biology > Plants > Flashcards

Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

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2
Q

How does the plant get carbon dioxide?

A

It diffuses through the stomata

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3
Q

How does the plant get water?

A

Absorbs through the roots and travels up xylem

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4
Q

Where is glucose made?

A

In leaves during photosynthesis

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5
Q

Where does oxygen go after photosynthesis?

A

Diffuses out of leaves through stomata

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6
Q

Where are most stomata found?

A

In the lower epidermis

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7
Q

How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?

A

Lots of stomata, lots of air spaces, leaves are thin

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8
Q

What happens if a plant loses to much water?

A

It will wilt

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9
Q

How are plants adapted to prevent water vapour loss?

A

Guard cells

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10
Q

When are guard cells open and when are they open?

A

Open during light hours, closed during dark hours

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11
Q

When are stomata closed during light hours?

A

When it is hot or dry or windy

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12
Q

How are root hair cells adapted to get water into the plant?

A

Projection for increased surface area and higher intake of water and mineral ions

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13
Q

What does a nucleus do?

A

Contains DNA and stores information to control the cell

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13
Q

What does cytoplasm do?

A

Where chemical reactions occur

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14
Q

What does a cell wall do?

A

Contains cellulose to support and strenghthen the cell

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15
Q

What does a vacuole do?

A

Contains cell sap to support the cell

16
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

Controls what goes in and leaves the cell

17
Q

What does the chloroplast do?

A

Contains chlorophyll to trap light for photosynthesis

18
Q

What is the definition of photosynthesis?

A

A chemical reaction where carbon dioxide reacts (with chlorophyll and sunlight) to make glucose and oxygen as a by-product

19
Q

What are 5 uses of glucose in the plant?

A

Respiration, lipids, cellulose, protein, starch

20
Q

How do you show that a leaf has photosynthesised?

A

Test it for starch

21
Q

How do you test for starch?

A

Boil leaf in water to soften and kill cells, boil leaf in ethanol to break down chlorophyll, rinse leaf to remove ethanol, test with iodine - blue/black = starch - yellow = no starch

22
Q

What 3 factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

A

Light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration

23
Q

What does the light intensity photosynthesis graph look like and why?

A

As the light intensity increases so does the rate of photosynthesis until it becomes constant as it is limited by another factor

24
Q

What does the concentration of carbon dioxide photosynthesis graph look like and why?

A

As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases so does the rate of photosynthesis until it becomes constant as it is limited by another factor

25
Q

What does the temperature photosynthesis graph look like and why?

A

As temperature increases so does the rate of photosynthesis until it reaches a peak of 40 degrees celsius where the photosynthesis rate drops to 0 because the enzymes that control photosynthesis are sensitive to temperature and stop working after 40 degrees

26
Q

Why do plants grow better in Summer than Winter?

A

More light and heat

27
Q

What is a mineral deficiency?

A

A disease that occurs when there is a shortage of a particular mineral which results in particular symptoms

28
Q

What does nitrate do for a plant?

A

Helps healthy growth to make proteins

29
Q

What happens when a plant has a nitrate deficiency?

A

Poor growth, older leaves turn yellow

30
Q

What is phosphorous used for in a plant?

A

Healthy roots

31
Q

What happens when a plant has a phosphorous deficiency?

A

Poor root growth, younger leaves turn purple

32
Q

Why does a plant need potassium?

A

For healthy leaves/flowers

33
Q

What happens when a plant has a potassium deficiency?

A

Yellow leaves with dead patches

34
Q

Why do plants need magnesium?

A

Making chlorophyll

35
Q

What happens when a plant has a magnesium deficiency?

A

Plants turn yellow

36
Q

What is meant by fertiliser?

A

Chemicals (NPK) applied to soil to replace minerals taken out of the soil

37
Q

Why are fertilisers used?

A

Crops are harvested so they can’t replace the minerals by dying so fertilisers prevent future crops having mineral deficiencies

Biology (6 decks)

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