Breathing Flashcards
What is the trachea?
The windpipe
What is the bronchus?
The junction between the trachea and the bronchioles
What are bronchioles?
Where the air passes through just before reaching the alveolus
What are the alveolus?
The leafy looking things where air goes when breathing for gas exchange
What is the diaphragm?
A domed muscle beneath the lungs that moves downward till it is flat to lower air pressure to breathe in and relaxes into the upward domed shape to make air pressure higher and breathe out
What are the intercostal muscles?
The muscles in between the ribs that help the ribs move so your chest can rise and fall as you breathe
What is the abdomen?
The stomach muscles beneath the diaphragm
When looking at a lung diagram which is the left lung?
The lung on the right
What is the scientific name for air sacs?
Alveolus
What is gas exchange?
The diffusion of oxygen into the blood and diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the blood
How are alveoli adapted for better gas exchange?
Thin, short diffusion pathways
Large surface area so that more diffusion can take place
Moist inner layer so oxygen can easily diffuse in
Rich blood supply surrounding to maintain high diffusion gradient
How much of the air is nitrogen?
78%
How much of the air is oxygen?
21%
How much of the air is carbon dioxide?
0.04%
How much of the air is other gases?
1%
