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Biology > Plants > Flashcards

Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Photosynthesis?

A

The creation of food energy from sunlight, CO2 and water.
Sunlight + CO2=C6H12O6 + O2
Plants provide animals with 50% of oxygen

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2
Q

What do elements use plants as?

A

Protection from elements and predators.

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3
Q

How do plants help animals?

A

Plants support all the animal species living in an ecosystem
1 species supports an average of 50 different animal species

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4
Q

What is Biophillia Hypothesis?

A

Theory suggests that humans are inherently drawn to seek out connections to nature and plants
Presence of plants decreased anxiety, feelings of hostility, depression, and fatigue.
Productivity went up

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5
Q

What are Blue Zones?

A

Regions around the world where people commonly live past 100
One common thread is their connectiveness to nature and practice of gardening

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6
Q

What did Kansas State U do?

A

90 patients recovering from appendectomy assigned random rooms with or without plants
Results were decrease of intake of pain meds, blood pressure, heart rate, pain, anxiety, and fatigue.
Increase of sastifaction with recovery room

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7
Q

What are 2 important ecosystem services that plants provide?

A

Carry out photosynthesis, contain cellulose, provide food and habitat for other organisms

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8
Q

What are the uses of cellulose?

A

Fabric, paper, cardboard, and a source of heat when burned

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9
Q

How does “the 3 sisters” describe having a symbiotic relationship?

A

Corn provides a structure for beans to climb, the beans add nitrogen to the soil, and squash acts as ground cover protecting from dehydration and pests

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10
Q

What are characteristics of plants?

A

Multicellular, the cells are eukaryotic
Rigid cell wall composed of cellulose
Most are autotrophic and sessile (can not move independently from place to place)

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11
Q

How do ants help the quinine plants?

A

Ants take the seeds into their home which protects them from wildfire and after the ants eat the fatty nodule they put them outside to grow

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12
Q

How do bats find figs?

A

By the figs strong smell

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13
Q

What doomed the calvarian fruit tree into extinction?

A

Dutch explorers plundered the environment and killed the animals (ie. Dodos) that ate and spread the calvarian fruit seeds

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14
Q

What are Ferns?

A

Have a vascular system but don’t have flowers or seeds

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15
Q

What are mosses?

A

No roots, stem, flowers, fruit and seeds
Aka, bryophytes and non vascular
They transport water and nutrients through elongated cells
Sperms transfer can only happen in damp environments

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16
Q

What are the types of Plant Tissue?

A

Vascular Tissue
Dermal Tissue
Meristematic Tissue
Ground Tissue

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17
Q

What is Vascular Tissue?

A

Cells that specialize in transport of water and other substances among cells
2 types, Xylem and Phloem

18
Q

What is Dermal Tissue?

A

Cells that protect the outer layers of a plant-epidermis is the outermost layer
These cells protect plants from disease and predators and prevent waterloss

19
Q

What is Meristematic Tissue?

A

All cells begin as these undifferentiated/unspecialized cells found at the tips of stems, roots, in rings around the stems of larger plants, etc

20
Q

What is Ground Tissue?

A

The internal non-vascular tissues
3 types-Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma

21
Q

What is Parenchyma Cells?

A

Most abundent type of ground cell, found in all plant parts
Only cells that can engage in mitosis
Filled with chloroplasts called chlorenchyma

22
Q

What is Collenchyma Cells?

A

Provide support and plasticity in stems and leaves during rapid growth

23
Q

What is Sclerenchyma?

A

Function is support

24
Q

What are the differences between vascular and non-vascular plants?

A

Vascular plants have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) to transport water and nutrients, while non-vascular plants don’t

25
Q

What organs make up the shoot system of a plant?

A

Stem and leaves (and reproductive structures)

26
Q

How does the structure of collenchyma cells help provide flexibility to plants?

A

The thinner portions of the unevenly thickened cell walls can expand, allowing the plant to bend without breaking

27
Q

What plant cells are a rope made of?

A

A type of sclerenchyma cell, called fibre

28
Q

What are Gymnosperms?

A

Vascular plants the produce “naked” seeds
Woody
Most are coniferous
No flowers or fruit
Big female cones and smaller male cones
Pollen grains carried by wind

29
Q

What are Angiosperms?

A

Vascular plants that produced enclosed seeds
Most plants are angiosperms
Flowering plants
Many don’t have woody stems
Most pollinated from flower to flower while some by wind.

30
Q

What are flowers?

A

Sexual reproductive part of angiosperms
Ensure successful pollination
Protect developing seeds and help distribute them

31
Q

What are the female reproductive parts on flowers (pistil or carpel)?

A

Stigma
Style
Ovary

32
Q

What are the male reproductive parts on flowers (stamen)?

A

Anther
Filament
Pollen

33
Q

Why do gametes the develop from pollen grains not require flagella?

A

The don’t need to swim through water to fertilize female parts

34
Q

What characteristics of a seed give the plant embryos the best chance of survival?

A

A supply of food and a tough protective waterproof coat

35
Q

What are the functions of flower petals?

A

Attract pollinators and give them a place to land

36
Q

What is pollination assisted by?

A

Gravity
Insects
Other animals
wind and water

37
Q

What are the 3 types of pollination?

A
  1. Self pollination (flower pollinates itself)
  2. Pollen lands on another flower of the same plant
  3. Cross pollination (pollen from one plant carried to another plant)
38
Q

What is a perfect flower?

A

flower contains both male and female parts

39
Q

What is a Imperfect flower?

A

Either male or female

40
Q

What is a Monoecious flower?

A

have both male flowers and female flowers on the plant

41
Q

What is a Dioecious flower?

A

Male and female flowers on different plants

Biology (5 decks)

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