plantar surface Flashcards
what does the inferior peroneal retinaculum attach to? what does it form for what tendons
sinus tarsi and peroneal trochlea
forms superior tunnel for peroneus brevis, and inferior tunnel for peroneus longus muscle
what is another name for flexor retinaculum? what does it form?
laciniate ligament
forms tarsal tunnel which house 4 compartments:
1st compartment: tibialis posterior
2nd compartment: FDL
3rd comparment: posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve
4th: FHL
what is located in the central compartment of plantar aponeurosis
quadratus plantae, FDB, lumbricals, interosseous muscle
FHB origin/insertion/ innervation
O: lateral head arises from cuboid near the peroneal groove, lateral cuneiform, and occasionally long and short plantar ligaments
deep fibers of medial head arise from tibialis posterior.
superficial fibers intermuscular septum between medial and central compartments
I: medial/lateral base of proximal phalanx, sesamoid and plantar pad
I: 1st proper plantar digital n
Abductor Hallucis O/I/inn./action
O: medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity
I: medial side of proximal phalanx
I:TRUNK medial plantar nerve
A: abduct 1st digit
FDB OI/A/innervation
O: medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity
I: each tendon runs in the tendon sheath of FDL until it reaches base of prox phalanx where it divides into two slips. Insert into MIDDLE phalanges
I: trunk of medial plantar nerve
F: flex MPJ and proximal IPJ
Abductor digit minimi OIA/innervation
abductor os metatarsi digiti minimi attachment?
O: lateral, medial process and depression of cacaneal tuberosity
I: lateral side of the proximal phalanx
innervation: trunk of lateral plantar nerve
function: abduct AND FLEX 5th digit
abductor os metatarsi digiti minimi: attach to base o
what separates the two heads of quadratus plantae? Which head is bigger?
OIA/innervation
long plantar ligament ; larger medial head
O: medial head: medial process of calc
lateral head of lateral process
I: insert on tendon of flexor digitorum longus
i: Trunk of lateral plantar nerve
Fucntion: accessory flexor of latearl 4 toes
lumbricals OIA/innervation
O: tendon of the FDL
1st lunbrical only on the medial side of the FDL
2-4 on both sides of FDL
All course superficial to the deep transverse metatarsal ligament
I: medial surface of extensor expansion.
1st lumbrical- insert on the 2nd digit, 2nd on 3rd digit, etc. tendons fomr part of “wing”
Inn: 1st lumbrical by common planter digital n
2-4: deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
function: flex MPJ and extend IPJ
Adductor hallucis OIA/innervation
O: oblique head: plantar surface of the bases of 2-4 metatarsal and tendon of peroneus longus**
transverse head: plantar plates plantar metatarsophalangeal ligaments, deep transverse metatarsal ligament
HIGHLY variable
I: lateral side of plantar surface of base of proximal phalnx, lateral sesamoid, and plantar pad
I: deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
action: adducts 1st toe at 1st MPJ
what is the variation for the adductor hallucis? name and attachment
opponens hallucis muscle, inserts into 1st metatarsal
Flex. digiti minimi brevis
O/In/inn/function/variation
O: plantar surface of base of 5th met, tendon of peroneus longus, plantar aponeurosis
I: plantar surface of proximal phalanx of 5th digit in common with abductor digiti minimi of 1st layer
I: superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve
A: flex and abduct 5th digit
opponens digiti minimi
plantar interossei
OIA/inn.
O:
plantar: base and medial side of shaft of 3-5th metatarsal
I:medial side of the bases of proximal phalanges
Inn: deep branch serves 1-2 plantar interossei
superficial branch of lateral plantar: 3rd
funcion: adductors of 3rd 4th and 5th
dorsal interossei: OIA/innervation
O: 1st from 1st and 2nd met, 2nd from 2nd and 3rd met, 4 from 3rd and 4th met, and 4th from 4th and 5th met
I: 1st dorsal interosseous to the medial side of 2nd digit, 2nd to the lateral side of the 2nd digit, 3rd to lateral side of 3rd digit
4th to lateral side of 4th digit
Inn: 1-3 are deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
superficial branch: lateral plantar nerve
function: abductors of digits
which is the largest branch of tibial nerve? where does it start to originate
medial plantar nerve: origin under flexor retinaculum
what does the lateral plantar nerve pass between? where does it split?
passes between FDB and QP. divides into superficial and deep branches between FDB and abductor digiti minimi.
what does the truck of the medial and lateral plantar nerve innervate
medial plantar nerve: abductor hallucis, FDB
Lateral Plantar: QP, abductor digiti minimi,l abductor os metatarsi digiti minimi
what is the tibial nerve directional relationship with the posterior tibial artery
posterior tibial artery is medial to the tibial nerve.
where does the posterior tibial artery divide into its terminal branches?
anywhere between proximal part of medial malleolus and before entering foot, deep to abductor hallucis
what are the branches of the posterior tibial artery
- peroneal
- medial calcaneal
- Lateral plantar a
- Artery of the tarsal canal
- Medial plantar
- Posterior medial malleolar
which artery provides an important source of blood supply to the calcaneus
the lateral/medial calcaneal artery
what branch pierces the flexor retinaculum and supplies the area of tendo calcanerus and the heel? what does it anastamose with?
Medial calcaneal branches, anastamose with posterior medial malleolar braches of posterior tibial and lateral calcaneal branches of its peroneal artery
which terminal branch is smaller of the posterior tibial artery?
medial plantar artery
what does the superficial plantar arch anastamose with?
superficial branch of lateral plantar artery
