dorsum of the foot--lab

Question 1

what forms the medial marginal vein?

Answer 1

dorsal venous arch and MEDIAL dorsal digital vein of great toe

Question 2

where is the medial marginal vein located in relation to the medial malleolus? what vein does it become after it passes that?

Answer 2

anterior; becomes great saphenous vein

Question 3

what forms the lateral marginal vein

Answer 3

dorsal venous arch and lateral dorsal digital vein of the 5th toe

Question 4

what follows the great saphenous vein located on which side?

Answer 4

saphenous nerve will be lateral to it

Question 5

where is the sural nerve located in relation to lateral malleolus? what does it eventually become?

Answer 5

inferior to lateral malleolus

Lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve OF FOOT

Question 6

what does the sural nerve follow?

Answer 6

small saphenous vein

Question 7

what is 10th dorsal digital nerve derived from?

Answer 7

lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot

Question 8

terminal branches of superficial peroneal nerve?

Answer 8

medial dorsal cutaneous nerve, intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve

Question 9

what are the branches of medial dorsal cutaneous nerve

Answer 9

1st dorsal digital nerve and 1st common dorsal digital branch

Question 10

what branches the 8th dorsal digital nerve?

Answer 10

3rd common dorsal digital n

Question 11

what branches the 4th dorsal digital nerve

Answer 11

1st common dorsal digital n

Question 12

What structure does the deep peroneal n course under in the foot

Answer 12

Extensor hallucis longus

Question 13

What innervates extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 13

Lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal nerve

Question 14

What runs along with Lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal nerve

Answer 14

Lateral tarsal artery

Question 15

Where does the superomedial limb and inferomedial limb attach?

Answer 15

Supero: medial malleolus

Infero attaches to plantar fascia, navicular tuberosity and medial cuneiform

Question 16

How many and What do the synovial sheaths cover?

Answer 16

Extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior, and one sheath for peroneus tertius and extensor digitorum longus

Question 17

How many branches is off the arcuate artery? What are they?

Answer 17

2nd 3rd and 4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

Question 18

What does the proximal posterior perforating arteries join with

Answer 18

The 2nd-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

Question 19

When do dorsal metatarsal arteries become common dorsal digital arteries?

Answer 19

After distal perforating branches join with dorsal metatarsal arteries

Question 20

Where does the 3rd dorsal digital nerve branch off

Answer 20

Medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal

Question 21

What’s the largest branch of dorsalis pedis

Answer 21

Lateral tarsal branch

Question 22

What gives rise to 2nd and 3rd dorsal digital arteries

Answer 22

1st common dorsal digital arteries

Question 23

what do the 3 layers of deep fascia contain

Answer 23

1st: synovial sheath of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius
2nd: extensor digitorum brevis
3rd: dorsalis pedis and its branches, veins accompanying dorsalis pedis, deep peroneal nerve and branches, termination of the perforating branch of peroneal artery

Question 24

where does superolateral limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum extend from and attach to? how often is this present?

what does it merge with?

how often is this present?

Answer 24

extends from superomedial limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum and frondiform ligament to attach to lateral surface of lateral malleolus

merges with superior extenor retinaculum and superior peroneal retinaculum

25%

Question 25

what are the extensor expansions formed by?

Answer 25

tendons of the extensor digitorum longus and brevis

Question 26

what makes up the extensor hood? what is more proximal and distal

Answer 26

proximal: sling, distal: extensor wing however this does not make the extensor expansion of hallux

Question 27

what does the extensor sling attach to? what are they madeof?

Answer 27

sling attaches to plantar plate, interrosseous muscles only contribuet to sling wing is made from lumbricals

Question 28

what is the function of extensor digitorum longus? what gets tightened?

Answer 28

extend MPJ, NOT interphalangeal joints contracts plantar plate, so tightens sling and loosens wing

Question 29

function of lumbrical muscles? what gets tightened

Answer 29

extend interphalangela joins and sflex MPJ joints, tighten wing and loosening sling

Question 30

origin and insertion of extensor digitorum brevis what location does it orginate

Answer 30

origin: tubercle on superior lateral surface of calcaneus just anterior to sinus tarsi, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, frondiform ligament I: digitorum brevis: lateral surface of extensor digitorum longus hallux brevis: inserts at transverse crest/tubercle on base of dorsal surface of proximal phalanx takes partial origin from the deep surface of frondiform ligament

Question 31

what does the medial terminal branch of deep peroneal n run with?

Answer 31

dorsalis pedis

Question 32

what does the deep peroneal nerve run with?

Answer 32

anterior tibial artery from prox 1/3 of leg-->extensor retinaculum

Question 33

what does the dorsalis pedis trace over?

Answer 33

talus, navicular, intermediate cuneiform, and the base of 2nd met to the 1st intermetatarsal space

Question 34

what crosses the dorsalis pedis? and what muscles follows it? % that dorsalis pedis a deviates med or lat? % that dorsalis pedis is much smaller in size

Answer 34

extensor hallucis brevis crosses. extensor hallucis longus medial side, extensor digitorum longus on lateral side 10% 5-10%

Question 35

what happens when dorsalis pedis is absent? what happens if tibial artery is absent? what % has normal dorsalis pedi? % with absent ant. tibial a?

Answer 35

plantar arteries or perforating branch of the peroneal artery takes over dorsalis pedis will originate from perforating branch of peroneal artery Normal: 75% Absent tib: 5%

Question 36

where does lateral tarsal artery usually arise? if theres a 2nd lateral tarsal artery, where would that originate?

Answer 36

proximal: at the neck of talus 2nd(distal): intermediate cuneiform

Question 37

what does the lateral tarsal artery anastamose with

Answer 37

lateral plantar artery, perforating branch of peroneal artery, arcuate artery and anterior latearl malleolar rete

Question 38

at what part of foot does the arcuate artery typically originate from? what tendon crosses it? % of arcuate artery originate from dorsalis pedis at the level of __________

Answer 38

level of 1st tarsometatarsal joint extensor digitorum brevis 65%, @ level of 1st tarsometatarsal a

Question 39

what does arcuate artery anastamose with

Answer 39

lateral tarsal and lateral plantar arteries

Question 40

where do the posterior perforating branches and anterior perforating branches come from"? what happens if there is an absence of arcuate artery?

Answer 40

posterior: plantar arches anterior: plantar metatarsal arteries posterior perforating arteries are usually larger and give rise to 2-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

Question 41

where does the deep plantar artery arise from? what does it penetrate? what does it join with?

Answer 41

proximal part of teh 1st interosseous space: penetrates the 1st dorsal interosseous muscles joins w/ 1st plantar metatarsal a of deep plantar arch

Question 42

how far up in relation to lateral malleolus does perforating branch of peroneal arteray appear?

Answer 42

5 cm superior to lateral malleolus

Question 43

what does the perforating branch of peroneal artery anastamose with?

Answer 43

lateral malleolar rete from anterior tibial artery and terminal branches anastamose with lateral tarsal branch

Question 44

what does the lateral branch of deep peroneal nerve innervate

Answer 44

muscular branches in knee: extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius terminal branch: extensor digitorum brevis interrosesou branch: tarsal joints, and metatarsaophalangeal joints of 2-4, and 2nd dorsal interosseous muscle