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LL exam 1-2 > dorsum of the foot--lab > Flashcards

dorsum of the foot--lab Flashcards

1
Q

what forms the medial marginal vein?

A

dorsal venous arch and MEDIAL dorsal digital vein of great toe

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2
Q

where is the medial marginal vein located in relation to the medial malleolus? what vein does it become after it passes that?

A

anterior; becomes great saphenous vein

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3
Q

what forms the lateral marginal vein

A

dorsal venous arch and lateral dorsal digital vein of the 5th toe

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4
Q

what follows the great saphenous vein located on which side?

A

saphenous nerve will be lateral to it

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5
Q

where is the sural nerve located in relation to lateral malleolus? what does it eventually become?

A

inferior to lateral malleolus

Lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve OF FOOT

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6
Q

what does the sural nerve follow?

A

small saphenous vein

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7
Q

what is 10th dorsal digital nerve derived from?

A

lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot

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8
Q

terminal branches of superficial peroneal nerve?

A

medial dorsal cutaneous nerve, intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve

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9
Q

what are the branches of medial dorsal cutaneous nerve

A

1st dorsal digital nerve and 1st common dorsal digital branch

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10
Q

what branches the 8th dorsal digital nerve?

A

3rd common dorsal digital n

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11
Q

what branches the 4th dorsal digital nerve

A

1st common dorsal digital n

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12
Q

What structure does the deep peroneal n course under in the foot

A

Extensor hallucis longus

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13
Q

What innervates extensor digitorum brevis

A

Lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal nerve

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14
Q

What runs along with Lateral terminal branch of the deep peroneal nerve

A

Lateral tarsal artery

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15
Q

Where does the superomedial limb and inferomedial limb attach?

A

Supero: medial malleolus

Infero attaches to plantar fascia, navicular tuberosity and medial cuneiform

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16
Q

How many and What do the synovial sheaths cover?

A

Extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior, and one sheath for peroneus tertius and extensor digitorum longus

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17
Q

How many branches is off the arcuate artery? What are they?

A

2nd 3rd and 4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

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18
Q

What does the proximal posterior perforating arteries join with

A

The 2nd-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

19
Q

When do dorsal metatarsal arteries become common dorsal digital arteries?

A

After distal perforating branches join with dorsal metatarsal arteries

20
Q

Where does the 3rd dorsal digital nerve branch off

A

Medial terminal branch of the deep peroneal

21
Q

What’s the largest branch of dorsalis pedis

A

Lateral tarsal branch

22
Q

What gives rise to 2nd and 3rd dorsal digital arteries

A

1st common dorsal digital arteries

23
Q

what do the 3 layers of deep fascia contain

A

1st: synovial sheath of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius
2nd: extensor digitorum brevis
3rd: dorsalis pedis and its branches, veins accompanying dorsalis pedis, deep peroneal nerve and branches, termination of the perforating branch of peroneal artery

24
Q

where does superolateral limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum extend from and attach to? how often is this present?

what does it merge with?

how often is this present?

A

extends from superomedial limb of the inferior extensor retinaculum and frondiform ligament to attach to lateral surface of lateral malleolus

merges with superior extenor retinaculum and superior peroneal retinaculum

25%

25
Q

what are the extensor expansions formed by?

A

tendons of the extensor digitorum longus and brevis

26
Q

what makes up the extensor hood? what is more proximal and distal

A

proximal: sling, distal: extensor wing

however this does not make the extensor expansion of hallux

27
Q

what does the extensor sling attach to? what are they madeof?

A

sling attaches to plantar plate, interrosseous muscles only contribuet to sling

wing is made from lumbricals

28
Q

what is the function of extensor digitorum longus? what gets tightened?

A

extend MPJ, NOT interphalangeal joints

contracts plantar plate, so tightens sling and loosens wing

29
Q

function of lumbrical muscles? what gets tightened

A

extend interphalangela joins and sflex MPJ joints, tighten wing and loosening sling

30
Q

origin and insertion of extensor digitorum brevis

what location does it orginate

A

origin: tubercle on superior lateral surface of calcaneus just anterior to sinus tarsi, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, frondiform ligament

I:
digitorum brevis: lateral surface of extensor digitorum longus

hallux brevis: inserts at transverse crest/tubercle on base of dorsal surface of proximal phalanx

takes partial origin from the deep surface of frondiform ligament

31
Q

what does the medial terminal branch of deep peroneal n run with?

A

dorsalis pedis

32
Q

what does the deep peroneal nerve run with?

A

anterior tibial artery from prox 1/3 of leg–>extensor retinaculum

33
Q

what does the dorsalis pedis trace over?

A

talus, navicular, intermediate cuneiform, and the base of 2nd met to the 1st intermetatarsal space

34
Q

what crosses the dorsalis pedis? and what muscles follows it?

% that dorsalis pedis a deviates med or lat?

% that dorsalis pedis is much smaller in size

A

extensor hallucis brevis crosses.

extensor hallucis longus medial side, extensor digitorum longus on lateral side

10%

5-10%

35
Q

what happens when dorsalis pedis is absent?

what happens if tibial artery is absent?

what % has normal dorsalis pedi?

% with absent ant. tibial a?

A

plantar arteries or perforating branch of the peroneal artery takes over

dorsalis pedis will originate from perforating branch of peroneal artery

Normal: 75%

Absent tib: 5%

36
Q

where does lateral tarsal artery usually arise? if theres a 2nd lateral tarsal artery, where would that originate?

A

proximal: at the neck of talus

2nd(distal): intermediate cuneiform

37
Q

what does the lateral tarsal artery anastamose with

A

lateral plantar artery, perforating branch of peroneal artery, arcuate artery and anterior latearl malleolar rete

38
Q

at what part of foot does the arcuate artery typically originate from? what tendon crosses it?

% of arcuate artery originate from dorsalis pedis at the level of __________

A

level of 1st tarsometatarsal joint

extensor digitorum brevis

65%, @ level of 1st tarsometatarsal a

39
Q

what does arcuate artery anastamose with

A

lateral tarsal and lateral plantar arteries

40
Q

where do the posterior perforating branches and anterior perforating branches come from”?

what happens if there is an absence of arcuate artery?

A

posterior: plantar arches
anterior: plantar metatarsal arteries

posterior perforating arteries are usually larger and give rise to 2-4th dorsal metatarsal arteries

41
Q

where does the deep plantar artery arise from? what does it penetrate? what does it join with?

A

proximal part of teh 1st interosseous space: penetrates the 1st dorsal interosseous muscles

joins w/ 1st plantar metatarsal a of deep plantar arch

42
Q

how far up in relation to lateral malleolus does perforating branch of peroneal arteray appear?

A

5 cm superior to lateral malleolus

43
Q

what does the perforating branch of peroneal artery anastamose with?

A

lateral malleolar rete from anterior tibial artery

and terminal branches anastamose with lateral tarsal branch

44
Q

what does the lateral branch of deep peroneal nerve innervate

A

muscular branches in knee: extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius

terminal branch: extensor digitorum brevis

interrosesou branch: tarsal joints, and metatarsaophalangeal joints of 2-4, and 2nd dorsal interosseous muscle

LL exam 1-2 (8 decks)

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