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Spot Test 2- Lower Limb > Plantar Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot > Flashcards

Plantar Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles in First (Superficial) plantar layer

A

Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Digiti Minimi

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2
Q

Origin of Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Medial process of Calcaneal Tuberosity

Plantar Aponeurosis

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3
Q

Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Middle Phalanges of Toes 2-5

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4
Q

Innervation of Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (S1-S3)

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5
Q

Function of Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Flexion of Toes 2-5 at Proximal Interphalangeal Joint

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6
Q

Origin of Abductor Hallucis

A

Medial Process of Calcaneal Tuberosity

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7
Q

Insertion of Abductor Hallucis

A

Proximal Phalanx of Toe 1

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8
Q

Innervation of Abductor Hallucis

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (S1-S3)

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9
Q

Function of Abductor Hallucis

A

Abduction and flexion of Toe 1 at MTP joint

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10
Q

Origin of Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Lateral and medial processes of Calcaneal Tuberosity

Connective Tissue between CT and Metatarsal 5

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11
Q

Insertion of Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Proximal Phalanx of Toe 5

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12
Q

Innervation of Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1-S3)

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13
Q

Function of Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Abduction of Toe 5 at MTP joint

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14
Q

Muscles in second plantar layer

A

Quadratus Plantae

Lumbricals x4

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15
Q

Origin of Quadratus Plantae

A

Medial Calcaneus

Lateral Calcaneal Tuberosity

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16
Q

Insertion of Quadratus Plantae

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus tendon

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17
Q

Innervation of Quadratus Plantae

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1-S3)

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18
Q

Function of Quadratus Plantae

A

Flexion of Toes 2-5

assists Flexor Digitorum Longus

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19
Q

Origin of Lumbricals

A

Medial Tendon of FDL to Toe 1 (1st Lumbrical)

Adjacent FDL tendons of Toes 2-4 (Lumbricals 2-4)

20
Q

Insertion of Lumbricals

A

Extensor Hoods of Toes 2-5

21
Q

Innervation of Lumbricals

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (Lumbrical 1)

Lateral Plantar Nerve (Lumbricals 2-4)

22
Q

Function of Lumbricals

A

Flexion of MTP and extension of interphalangeal joints

similar to hand lumbricals

23
Q

Muscles in Third Intrinsic layer

A

Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Adductor Hallucis

24
Q

Origin of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

Cuboid and Lateral Cuneiform

Tibialis Posterior Tendon

25
Q

Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

Proxmial Phalanx of Toe 1 (lateral and medial sides as two heads)

26
Q

Innervation of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (S1-S2)

27
Q

Function of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

Flexes Toe 1 at MTP joint

28
Q

Origin of Adductor Hallucis

A

TRANSVERSE HEAD: Metatarsophalangeal Ligaments of Toes 3-5

OBLIQUE HEAD: Base of Metatarsals 2-4, sheath covering fibularis longus

29
Q

Insertion of Adductor Hallucis

A

Proximal Phalanx of Toe 1

30
Q

Innervation of Adductor Hallucis

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2-S3)

31
Q

Function of Adductor Hallucis

A

Adducts Toe 1 at MTP joint

32
Q

Origin of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Base of Metacarpal 5

Sheath of Fibularis Longus Tendon

33
Q

Insertion of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Proximal Phalanx of Toe 5

34
Q

Innervation of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve

35
Q

Function of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Flexion of Toe 5 at MTP joint

36
Q

Muscles in Fourth (deepest) Intrinsic layer

A

4x Dorsal Interossei

3x Palmar Interossei

37
Q

Origin of Dorsal Interossei

A

Sides of Adjacent Metatarsals

38
Q

Insertion of Dorsal Interossei

A

Proximal Phalanges/Extensor Hoods of Toes 2-5

39
Q

Innervation of Dorsal Interossei

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve

Dorsal interossei 1 and 2 are also innervated by the Deep Fibular Nerve

40
Q

Function of Dorsal Interossei

A

Abduction (DAB)

of Toes 2-5

41
Q

Origin of Plantar Interossei

A

Metatarsals 3-5

42
Q

Insertion of Plantar Interossei

A

Proximal Phalanges/Extensor Hoods of Toes 3-5

43
Q

Innervation of Plantar Interossei

A

Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2-S3)

44
Q

Function of Plantar Interossei

A

Adduction (PAD) of Toes 3-5

45
Q

So which 4 plantar muscles are innervated by the Medial Plantar Nerve

(all the rest are innervated by Lateral Plantar Nerve)

A

Flexor Digitorum Brevis (1st Layer)
Abductor Hallucis (1st Layer)
Lumbrical 1 (2nd Layer)
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (3rd Layer)

Spot Test 2- Lower Limb (19 decks)

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