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MSK III > Plantar foot > Flashcards

Plantar foot Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the plantar aponeurosis

A

superficial and deep

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2
Q

what does the deep layer of plantar aponeurosis form

A

superficial transverse metatarsal ligament

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3
Q

what are the transverse fasciculi

A

transverse oriented deep fascia which reinforce webs of toes

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4
Q

what are the fibrous digital sheaths

A

specialized deep fascia anchored in phalanges, prevent bow stringing of tendons

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5
Q

what lines the fibrous digital sheaths

A

synovial digital sheaths

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6
Q

what are the intermuscular septae in plantar foot and what compartments do they delineate

A

lateral and medial into lateral and medial compartments

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7
Q

What is in the medial compartment of the plantar foot

A

great toe, contains flexor and ABductor for hallucis, tendon of flexor hallucis longs and medial plantar vessels and nn

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8
Q

what is in the lateral compartment of the plantar foot

A

5th toe, ABductor and a flexor m of digiti minimi

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9
Q

What is in the central compartment of plantar foot

A

flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, quadratus plantae, ADductor hallucis mm, tendons of flexor digitorum longus and lateral plantar vessels and n

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10
Q

What defines the interosseous compartment

A

between layers of plantar and dorsal interosseous fascia- with interosseous mm

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11
Q

How many mm are in each of 4 layers of foot

A

3-2-3-2

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12
Q

Where is the plane of reference for ABduction and ADduction of toes

A

down second toe

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13
Q

What mm are in the 1st layer of plantar foot

A

ABductor hallucis, ABductor digiti minimi and flexor digitorum brevis

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14
Q

origin and insertion of ABductor hallucis

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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15
Q

what is the action of ABductor hallucis

A

ABducts great toe

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16
Q

inn of ABductor hallucis

A

medial plantar n

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17
Q

origin and insertion of Abductor digiti minimi

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

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18
Q

action of ABductor digiti minimi

A

abducts 5th digit

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19
Q

what inn ABductor digit minimi

A

lateral plantar n

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20
Q

origin and insertion of flexor digitorum brevis

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: middle phalanges of toes 2-5

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21
Q

what is the action of flexor digitorum brevis

A

flexes middle and proximal phalanges 2-5

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22
Q

what inn flexor digitorum brevis

A

medial plantar n

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23
Q

what is unique about tendons of flexor digitorum brevis

A

bifurcate to allow passage of tendons for flexor digitorum longus

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24
Q

what splits at the proximal portion of ABdcutor hallucis

A

the posterior tibial a and tibial n

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25
Q

What mm are in the third layer of the plantar foot

A

quadratus plantae and lumbricals

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26
Q

What tendons pass through 2nd layer of plantar foot

A

flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

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27
Q

origin and insertion of quadratus plantae

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: tendon of flexor digitorum longus

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28
Q

action of quadrates plantae

A

pulls on the tendond of flexor digitorum longs to redirect action directly posterior

29
Q

what inn the quadratus plantae

A

lateral plantar n

30
Q

origin and insertion of lumbricals

A

origin: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
insertion: medial side of metatarsophalangeal joints via extensor tendons

31
Q

action of lumbricals

A

flexes MP joints, extends distal phalanges

32
Q

what inn lumbricals

A

1st- medial plantar n

2-4 lateral plantar n

33
Q

What mm are in the third layer of plantar foot

A

flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digiti minimi, ADductor hallucis

34
Q

origin and insertion of flexor hallucis brevis

A

origin: plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
insertion: lateral and medial sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

35
Q

what is the aciton of the flexor hallucis brevis

A

flexes great toe

36
Q

what inn flexor hallucis brevis

A

medial plantar n

37
Q

Where do the heads of flexor hallucis brevis attach

A

lateral head to ADductor hallucis m and medial head to ABductor hallucis m

38
Q

origin and insertion of flexor digiti minimi

A

origin: base of 5th metatarsal
insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe

39
Q

what is the action of flexor digiti minimi

A

flexes and ABducts small toe

40
Q

what inn flexor digiti minimi

A

lateral plantar n

41
Q

origin and insertion of Adductor hallucis

A

origin: oblique head- base of 2,3,4th metatarsals
transverse head- lateral 4 plantar ligaments of MP joints
insertion:lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

42
Q

action of ADductor hallucis

A

adducts and flexes great toe

43
Q

what inn ADductor hallucis

A

lateral plantar n

44
Q

What mm are in the 4th layer of plantar foot

A 
Plantar interossei (3)
Dorsal Interossei (4)
45
Q

origin and insertion of plantar interossei

A

origin: medial side plantar 3, 4, 5 metatarsals
insertion: medial side of bases of proximal phalanx of digits 3,4,5 as well as extensor expansions of same digits

46
Q

action of plantar interossei

A

ADducts digits 3,4,5 flexes MP and extends proximal and distal IP joints of same digits

47
Q

what inn plantar interosse

A

lateral planta n

48
Q

origin and insertion of dorsal interossei

A

origin: adjacent sides of all metatarsals
insertion: 1st goes to the medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd 3rd 4th all to the lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 2nd 3rd and 4th digits as well as extensor expansion

49
Q

action of dorsal interossei

A

ABducts digits 2-4 flexes MP joints and extends PIP and DIPs

50
Q

what inn dorsal interossei

A

lateral plantar n

51
Q

where are the tendinous attachments of fibularis longus and tibialis posterior

A

between third and fourth layers

52
Q

Where do the vessels and nerves of plantar foot travel

A

between mm of 1st and 2nd layer

53
Q

what forms the plantar arterial arch

A

lateral plantar a

54
Q

what branches does the plantar arterial arch supply

A

plantar metatarsal aa

55
Q

where does the plantar arterial arch terminate

A

in 1st metatarsal space when it anastomoses with deep plantar branch of dorsalis pedis a

56
Q

what other branches does the lateral plantar a provide

A

calcaneal, muscular, cutaneous and articular.

57
Q

what do the plantar metatarsal aa become

A

proper plantar digital aa

58
Q

what suplies the lateral most proper plantar digital a of 5th digit

A

solely lateral plantar a before it makes arch

59
Q

what is the smaller of the 2 terminal branches of posterior tibial a

A

medial plantar a

60
Q

where does the medial plantar a terminate

A

1st proper digital a (it joings with digital branch of 1st dorsal metatarsal a)

61
Q

what are the other branches of medial plantar a

A

2nd 3rd and 4th plantar digital aa which anastomose with plantar metatarsal aa to provide plantar proper digital aa

62
Q

What does the tibial n split into and where does the split happen

A

deep to ABductor hallucis m it bifurcates into medial and lateral plantar nn

63
Q

what is the larger branch of tibial n

A

the medial portion

64
Q

what mm does the medial plantar n inn

A

ABductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis and 1st lumbrical

65
Q

what does the medial plantar n terminate as

A

proper digital branch for medial surface great toe and muscular branch to flexor hallucis brevis
also common digital nn to webs of 1st 2nd and 3rd toes
also m branch to 1st lumbrical

66
Q

what does the lateral plantar n terminate as

A

superficial and deep branches

67
Q

what does the superficial lateral plantar n inn

A

flexor digiti minimi, lateral surface 5th digit and common digital n to proper of 4th and 5th digits

68
Q

what does the deep lateral plantar n inn

A

interossei and more

69
Q

what does the deep lateral planta n run with

A

plantar arterial arch on surface of interosseus mm

MSK III (9 decks)

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