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Plantar foot Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the plantar aponeurosis

A

superficial and deep

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2
Q

what does the deep layer of plantar aponeurosis form

A

superficial transverse metatarsal ligament

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3
Q

what are the transverse fasciculi

A

transverse oriented deep fascia which reinforce webs of toes

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4
Q

what are the fibrous digital sheaths

A

specialized deep fascia anchored in phalanges, prevent bow stringing of tendons

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5
Q

what lines the fibrous digital sheaths

A

synovial digital sheaths

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6
Q

what are the intermuscular septae in plantar foot and what compartments do they delineate

A

lateral and medial into lateral and medial compartments

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7
Q

What is in the medial compartment of the plantar foot

A

great toe, contains flexor and ABductor for hallucis, tendon of flexor hallucis longs and medial plantar vessels and nn

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8
Q

what is in the lateral compartment of the plantar foot

A

5th toe, ABductor and a flexor m of digiti minimi

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9
Q

What is in the central compartment of plantar foot

A

flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, quadratus plantae, ADductor hallucis mm, tendons of flexor digitorum longus and lateral plantar vessels and n

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10
Q

What defines the interosseous compartment

A

between layers of plantar and dorsal interosseous fascia- with interosseous mm

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11
Q

How many mm are in each of 4 layers of foot

A

3-2-3-2

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12
Q

Where is the plane of reference for ABduction and ADduction of toes

A

down second toe

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13
Q

What mm are in the 1st layer of plantar foot

A

ABductor hallucis, ABductor digiti minimi and flexor digitorum brevis

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14
Q

origin and insertion of ABductor hallucis

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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15
Q

what is the action of ABductor hallucis

A

ABducts great toe

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16
Q

inn of ABductor hallucis

A

medial plantar n

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17
Q

origin and insertion of Abductor digiti minimi

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit

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18
Q

action of ABductor digiti minimi

A

abducts 5th digit

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19
Q

what inn ABductor digit minimi

A

lateral plantar n

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20
Q

origin and insertion of flexor digitorum brevis

A

origin: calcaneus
insertion: middle phalanges of toes 2-5

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21
Q

what is the action of flexor digitorum brevis

A

flexes middle and proximal phalanges 2-5

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22
Q

what inn flexor digitorum brevis

A

medial plantar n

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23
Q

what is unique about tendons of flexor digitorum brevis

A

bifurcate to allow passage of tendons for flexor digitorum longus

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24
Q

what splits at the proximal portion of ABdcutor hallucis

A

the posterior tibial a and tibial n

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25
What mm are in the third layer of the plantar foot
quadratus plantae and lumbricals
26
What tendons pass through 2nd layer of plantar foot
flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
27
origin and insertion of quadratus plantae
origin: calcaneus insertion: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
28
action of quadrates plantae
pulls on the tendond of flexor digitorum longs to redirect action directly posterior
29
what inn the quadratus plantae
lateral plantar n
30
origin and insertion of lumbricals
origin: tendons of flexor digitorum longus insertion: medial side of metatarsophalangeal joints via extensor tendons
31
action of lumbricals
flexes MP joints, extends distal phalanges
32
what inn lumbricals
1st- medial plantar n | 2-4 lateral plantar n
33
What mm are in the third layer of plantar foot
flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digiti minimi, ADductor hallucis
34
origin and insertion of flexor hallucis brevis
origin: plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform insertion: lateral and medial sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of great toe
35
what is the aciton of the flexor hallucis brevis
flexes great toe
36
what inn flexor hallucis brevis
medial plantar n
37
Where do the heads of flexor hallucis brevis attach
lateral head to ADductor hallucis m and medial head to ABductor hallucis m
38
origin and insertion of flexor digiti minimi
origin: base of 5th metatarsal insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe
39
what is the action of flexor digiti minimi
flexes and ABducts small toe
40
what inn flexor digiti minimi
lateral plantar n
41
origin and insertion of Adductor hallucis
origin: oblique head- base of 2,3,4th metatarsals transverse head- lateral 4 plantar ligaments of MP joints insertion:lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
42
action of ADductor hallucis
adducts and flexes great toe
43
what inn ADductor hallucis
lateral plantar n
44
What mm are in the 4th layer of plantar foot
``` Plantar interossei (3) Dorsal Interossei (4) ```
45
origin and insertion of plantar interossei
origin: medial side plantar 3, 4, 5 metatarsals insertion: medial side of bases of proximal phalanx of digits 3,4,5 as well as extensor expansions of same digits
46
action of plantar interossei
ADducts digits 3,4,5 flexes MP and extends proximal and distal IP joints of same digits
47
what inn plantar interosse
lateral planta n
48
origin and insertion of dorsal interossei
origin: adjacent sides of all metatarsals insertion: 1st goes to the medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd 3rd 4th all to the lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 2nd 3rd and 4th digits as well as extensor expansion
49
action of dorsal interossei
ABducts digits 2-4 flexes MP joints and extends PIP and DIPs
50
what inn dorsal interossei
lateral plantar n
51
where are the tendinous attachments of fibularis longus and tibialis posterior
between third and fourth layers
52
Where do the vessels and nerves of plantar foot travel
between mm of 1st and 2nd layer
53
what forms the plantar arterial arch
lateral plantar a
54
what branches does the plantar arterial arch supply
plantar metatarsal aa
55
where does the plantar arterial arch terminate
in 1st metatarsal space when it anastomoses with deep plantar branch of dorsalis pedis a
56
what other branches does the lateral plantar a provide
calcaneal, muscular, cutaneous and articular.
57
what do the plantar metatarsal aa become
proper plantar digital aa
58
what suplies the lateral most proper plantar digital a of 5th digit
solely lateral plantar a before it makes arch
59
what is the smaller of the 2 terminal branches of posterior tibial a
medial plantar a
60
where does the medial plantar a terminate
1st proper digital a (it joings with digital branch of 1st dorsal metatarsal a)
61
what are the other branches of medial plantar a
2nd 3rd and 4th plantar digital aa which anastomose with plantar metatarsal aa to provide plantar proper digital aa
62
What does the tibial n split into and where does the split happen
deep to ABductor hallucis m it bifurcates into medial and lateral plantar nn
63
what is the larger branch of tibial n
the medial portion
64
what mm does the medial plantar n inn
ABductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis and 1st lumbrical
65
what does the medial plantar n terminate as
proper digital branch for medial surface great toe and muscular branch to flexor hallucis brevis also common digital nn to webs of 1st 2nd and 3rd toes also m branch to 1st lumbrical
66
what does the lateral plantar n terminate as
superficial and deep branches
67
what does the superficial lateral plantar n inn
flexor digiti minimi, lateral surface 5th digit and common digital n to proper of 4th and 5th digits
68
what does the deep lateral plantar n inn
interossei and more
69
what does the deep lateral planta n run with
plantar arterial arch on surface of interosseus mm

MSK III (9 decks)

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