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MSK III > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

what type of joint is the hip

A

synovial ball and socket

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2
Q

what articulates in hip joint

A

head of femur and acetabulum

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3
Q

what deepens the hip joint

A

transverse acetebular ligament

and acetabular labrum

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4
Q

where does the capsule of the hip joint attach

A

superior to the brim of acetabulum and interior to the intertrochanteric line

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5
Q

what are layers of the hip capsule

A

superficial lamina and deep

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6
Q

what is the general structure of superficial lamina of hip capsule

A

longitudinally oriented fibers that limit extension

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7
Q

what is the general structure of the deep lamina of hip capsule

A

circularly arranged fibers (zona orbicularis)

“screw home effect”

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8
Q

Which ligament in the hip joint makes an inverted Y

A

iliofemoral ligament

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9
Q

where does the iliofemoral lig attach

A

superior AIIS and inferior to intertrochanteric line and anterior inferior greater torchanter

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10
Q

what does the iliofemoral lig prevent

A

hyperextension

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11
Q

which ligament in hip is in the medial inferior portion

A

pubofemoral lig

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12
Q

what does the pubofemoral lig prevent

A

hyperABduction and hyperextension

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13
Q

where does pubofemoral lig attach

A

medial brim of pubic portion of actebabulum and laterall to neck of femur near lesser trochanter

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14
Q

which ligament of hip joint has a posterior free margin

A

the ischiofemoral lig

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15
Q

what is the intracapsular lig of hip joint

A

ligamentum teres capitis femoris

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16
Q

what does the ligamentum trees capitis femoris limit

A

ADduction

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17
Q

what does the synovial lining not “line” in the capsule

A

articular elements

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18
Q

what m does the synovial lining of hip joint provide bursa for

A

obturator externus posteriorly

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19
Q

what supplies hip joint blood

A

lateral and medial femoral circumflex aa, superior and inferior gluteal aa, obturator a

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20
Q

what artery runs through ligamentum trees capitis femoris

A

obturator a

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21
Q

what is greater in motion of hip joint; lateral or medial rotation

A

lateral

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22
Q

what type of joint is the knee

A

synovial, modified hinge

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23
Q

what are the osseous contributions for joint stability of knee

A

increase in SA thorugh expanded roller surface of femur and tibial plateau

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24
Q

What part of the knee joint guides rotation

A

intercondylar eminences

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25
why are there small openings in the posterior capsule of knee joint
to allow for bursar and synovial cavity communication
26
expansions of vastus medialis and lateralis form what for knee joint
the lateral and medial patellar retinacula
27
what m is the oblique popliteal ligament an expansion of
semimembranosus
28
what m is the arcuate popliteal ligament an expansion of
biceps femoris to fibular head, arches over popliteus
29
What are the extracapsular lig of the knee
ligamentum patellae, MCL and LCL
30
what is the ligamentum patella an extension of
quads tendon
31
describe MCL
broad and thin, attaches to the medial meniscus
32
describe LCL
pencil like cord, not attached to lateral meniscus and also is reinforced by intracapsular ligaments
33
What does the synocium not line
articular surfaces and cruciate ligaments
34
What is the infrapatellar synovial fold
extends from infrapatellar fat pad to cruciate ligaments. divide into lateral and medial tibiofemoral compartments
35
describe the suprapatellar bursae
extension of the synovial cavity beneath quads tendon
36
Shape of the menisci in the knee
lateral is lunar, medial is semilunar
37
what attach lateral margins of menisci to margins of tibial plataeu
coronary ligaments
38
How are the medial and lateral menisci attached to one another
transverse genicular lig
39
function of menisci
cushion joint and stabilize articulation by deepening articular surfaces
40
describe ACL
medial surface of lateral femoral condyle to anterior intercondylar area
41
what does ACL prevent
posterior displacement of femur when foot is fixed
42
describe PCL
lateral surface of medial condyle of femur to posterior intercondylar area
43
what does PCL prevent
forwards displacement of femur when the foot is firmly fixed
44
What is the function of meniscofemoral lig
keep menisci from being trapped during knee flexion
45
describe parts of meniscofemoral lig
anterior which is superior to ant surface of PCL | posterior which is superior with post surface PCL
46
Describe arterires suppling knee
intense anastomoses "genicular anastomosis"
47
what type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint
synovial gliding
48
What strengthens the proximal tibiofibular joint
anterior and posterior ligaments of head of fibular
49
What type of joint is the distal tibiofibualr joint
fibrous! does not slide
50
what ligaments are in the distal tibiofibular joint
interosseous lig | anterior, posterior and transverse tibiofibular lig
51
what is the main function of the transverse tibiofibular lig
helps form the mortise of the talocrural joint by extending below inferior margin of distal tibiofibular joint.
52
what aa supply distal tibiofibular joint
fibular a
53
what type of joint is the talocrural
synovial of the hinge variety
54
What does the talocrural capsule allow movement wise
anterior and posterior to allow flexion/extension but stops lateral and medial movement through its ligaments
55
What are the ligaments of the talocrural joint
medial and lateral collateral lig
56
describe the medial collateral lig of ankle
``` "deltoid lig" anterior tibiotalar tibionavicular tibiocalcaneal posterior tibiotalar ```
57
what do the medial collateral lig prevent in ankle
over eversion
58
describe the lateral collateral lig of ankle
anterior talofibular calcaneofibular posterior talofibular
59
what does the lateral collateral lig prevent in ankle
over inversion
60
What keeps the tarsals together
dorsal and plantar interosseous ligaments
61
which ligaments are stronger in the intertarsal area
the plantar ligaments because weight bearing
62
what are the individual joints of intertarsal joint
subtalar, talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid and cuneonavicular
63
Describe subtalar joint
talus articulates 2 times with calcaneus. posterior and medial
64
what does the subtalar joint allow
inversion and eversion of posterior portion of foot
65
describe the talocalcaneonavicular joint
between calcaneus, navicular and "keystone" talus forming the medial arch
66
what does the talocalcaneonavicular joint prevent? with help of what structure?
prevends head of talus from being driven downward- plantar calcaneonavicular lig
67
what is the "spring lig"
the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
68
describe the calcaneocuboid joint
articulartion between anterior portion of calcaneus and cuboid, cuboid acts as keystone
69
what does the calcaneocuboid joint form
highest portion of lateral longitudinal arch
70
what supports the calcaneocuboid joint
the long and short plantar ligaments
71
what joint identifies line of division between forefoot and hindfoot
midtarsal joint between posterior talocalcaneal portions with anterior naviculocuboid
72
What type of joints are the tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joints
synovial plane
73
what support the tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joints
dorsal, plantar and interosseous ligaments
74
what unties the heads of the metatarsals
deep transverse metatarsal ligaments
75
what type of joint are the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal
synovial condyloid MP and synovial hinge IP
76
what ligaments increas joint stability of MP and IP
plantar and collateral ligaments
77
What are the osseous components of the lateral arch of the foot
calcaneous, cuboid, 4th and 5th metatarsals/phalanges
78
what is the purpose of the lateral arch
flat rigid component which provides stable base for upright posture and assists in balance
79
what are the osseous components of the medial arch
calcaneous, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, 1st 2nd 3rd metatarsals/phalanges
80
what is the purpose of medial arch
higher more resilient curve to assist in weight bearing
81
what are the osseous components of the transverse arch
distal row of tarsals and bases of all metatarsals
82
what ligaments assist in static support of arches
long and short plantar ligaments as well as plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
83
what ties together proximal and distal ends of longitudinal arches
the plantar aponeurosis
84
What provides the dynamic support of the foot
the tibialis posterior and fibularis longus forming a sling to support all arches flexor digitorum longus and hallucis longus helping medial arch tibialis anterior and fibularis brevis provide tendinous attachments
85
When are the ligaments most important in support of arches
when static. during movement the mm are really key
86
what provides the grasping of surfaces with our toes
flexor digitorum longus
87
what m provides the impetus for each step we take
the flexor hallucis longus

MSK III (9 decks)

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