Organization of the lower limb

Question 1

What is the main reason for the increased stability of the hip joint

Answer 1

deeper socket, acetabulum

Question 2

What motions does the hip joint limit

Answer 2

extension and ABduction

Question 3

which structural component of lower limb does not contribute to the stability

Answer 3

fibula, mainly for attachments

Question 4

What type of joint does the ankle provide

Answer 4

hinge

Question 5

What are the layers of superficial fascia in the lower limb

Answer 5

Fatty layer and membranous layer

Question 6

What are the names of the deep fascia in lower limb

Answer 6

fascia lata, gluteal aponeurosis, crural fascia, plantar and dorsal fascia of the foot

Question 7

What is the gluteal aponeurosis

Answer 7

forms an incomplete inter muscular septum between the gluteus maximus and medius
inferiorly from posterior portion of iliac crest

Question 8

what is fascia cribrosa

Answer 8

found below the saphenous vein opening and vein itself

Question 9

Where is the crural fascia found

Answer 9

extension of fascia lata below the knee

Question 10

What are the intermuscular septae in thigh

Answer 10

medial and lateral

Question 11

what are the intermuscular septae in the leg

Answer 11

anterior and posterior

transverse (superficial and deep posterior compartments)

Question 12

What are the components of the retinacula

Answer 12

superior and inferior extensor
superior and inferior fibular
flexor retinaculum

Question 13

what is the fascia of the dorsum of the foot continuous with

Answer 13

the extensor retinacula

Question 14

describe plantar fascia

Answer 14

continuous with the fascia from dorsum and also has a thick central part known as planta aponeurosis

Question 15

What is the general function of mm in the anterior femoral compartment

Answer 15

flex thigh and or extend leg

Question 16

What are the borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 16

inguinal lig, sartorius, ADductor longus mm

Question 17

what is found in femoral triangle

Answer 17

femoral vein, artery, nerve and deep inguinal lig

Question 18

What are the general functions of mm in the medial femoral compartment

Answer 18

Flex, ADduct and rotate the thigh

Question 19

What is the ADductor canal

Answer 19

connects femoral triangle with popliteal fossa

Question 20

borders of ADductor canal

Answer 20

adduclor mm, vastus medialis and the sartorius

Question 21

what is found in the ADductor canal

Answer 21

femoral a, v, saphenous n, and nerve to vastus medialis

Question 22

How many compartments are in gluteal area

Answer 22

superficial and deep

Question 23

What are the general functions of mm in the superficial gluteal region

Answer 23

ABducts, flexes and medially rotates, extends and laterally rotates thigh

Question 24

What are the general functions of mm in the deep gluteal region

Answer 24

ABduct and laterally rotate the thigh

Question 25

What aa and nn suply gluteal region

Answer 25

superior and inferior gluteals

Question 26

what passes between superficial and deep gluteal regions

Answer 26

sciatic n

Question 27

what are the general functions of mm in the posterior femoral compartment

Answer 27

flex the leg and extend thigh

Question 28

what provides inn to all mm in the posterior femoral compartment

Answer 28

sciatic

Question 29

What surrounds the popliteal fossa

Answer 29

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius

Question 30

what is contained in the popliteal fossa

Answer 30

popliteal aa and popliteal v, bifurcation of sciatic n

Question 31

What are the compartments of the posterior crural area

Answer 31

superficial and deep

Question 32

what mm are in the superficial posterior crural area

Answer 32

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris which all flex leg and plantar flex foot

Question 33

what are the general functions of mm in the deep posterior crural area

Answer 33

mm which plantar flex and invert foot

Question 34

what are the general functions of the mm in the lateral crural compartment

Answer 34

mm that plantar flex and evert foot

Question 35

what n and a supply posterior and lateral compartments of leg

Answer 35

posterior- tibial n, posterior tibial a | lateral- superficial fibular n, fibular a

Question 36

what are the general functions of the mm in ther anterior crural compartment and dorsum of foot

Answer 36

dorsi flex and invert the foot, extend the toes and assist in eversion of the foot

Question 37

what a and n supply the anterior crural compartment and dorsum of foot

Answer 37

deep fibular n and anterior tibial a

Question 38

What are the 4 compartments of the plantar foot

Answer 38

medial (great toe) lateral (small toe) central interosseous

Question 39

What does the posterior tibial a turn into

Answer 39

lateral and medial plantar aa

Question 40

what does the tibial n turn into

Answer 40

lateral and medial nn

Question 41

What is the major a that supplies lower limb

Answer 41

femoral a

Question 42

after exiting the popliteal fossa what does the popliteal a turn into

Answer 42

anterior and posterior tibial aa

Question 43

what are the deep vv of the leg named for

Answer 43

the aa they run with

Question 44

where does the great saphenous v begin

Answer 44

medial side of the dorsum of the foot

Question 45

where does the great saphenous v go relative to medial malleolus and medial condyle

Answer 45

anterior to medial malleolus, posterior to medial condyle

Question 46

where does the lesser saphenous v begin

Answer 46

lateral side of the dorsum of the foot

Question 47

where does the lesser saphenous v traverse in leg

Answer 47

behind lateral malleolus and along midline of the calf paralleling the course of sural n

Question 48

what does the lesser saphenous v join

Answer 48

pierces crural fascia to join popliteal v

Question 49

clinical correlation of valvular incompetency

Answer 49

varicosities

Question 50

where are the nodes of the leg found

Answer 50

popliteal superficial inguinal deep inguinal iliac

Question 51

Where does superficial lymph drain? and what?

Answer 51

lymph channels next to superficial vv | drain all superficial areas

Question 52

where does deep lymph drain? and what?

Answer 52

lymph channels next to deep vessels | mm, tendons and joint capsules

Question 53

What spinal cord levels supply lower limb

Answer 53

L2-S3

Question 54

What supplies femoral nn

Answer 54

L2-L4

Question 55

what does femoral nn supply

Answer 55

provides motor and sensory | inn anterior femoral mm and skin of anterior thigh, medial led and medial foot

Question 56

what supplies obturator n

Answer 56

L2-L4

Question 57

what does the obturator n supply

Answer 57

motor inn to ADductor mm of thigh and cutaneous inn to medial surface of thigh

Question 58

What supplies sciatic n

Answer 58

L4-L5 S1-3

Question 59

what does the sciatic n bifurcate into

Answer 59

tibial and common fibular nn

Question 60

what does the sciatic nn supply

Answer 60

all posterior thigh, leg and plantar mm as well as specific cutaneous

Question 61

What supplies cutaneous inn to lower limb

Answer 61

lumbar/sacral plexuses ventral rami L1-S2 | dorsal rami of spinal nn L1-L3 and S1-S3

Question 62

what dermatomes supply lower limb

Answer 62

spinal cord levels L1-S2

Question 63

in which direction do dermatomes spiral lower limb

Answer 63

lateral to medial

Question 64

Where does the L4 dermatome lay

Answer 64

anterior to greater trochanter, overlaying patella, medial malleolus and great toe

Question 65

Where do S1S2 dermatomes lay

Answer 65

descend middle of posterior thigh and leg

Question 66

where does the S1 dermatome lay

Answer 66

lateral malleolus

Question 67

Where does the S2 dermatome lay

Answer 67

medial plantar surface of heel

Question 68

Where do L4 L5 S1 dermatomes lay

Answer 68

dorsum of plantar surface of the foot from medial to lateral